生物决定论

生物决定论（英語：Biological determinism），或遗传决定论（英語：genetic determinism），认为人类行为无论是在胚胎发育还是学习中都直接受个体基因或其生理组成部分的控制，而非通常受环境的影响。[1]遗传还原论（英语：Genetic reductionism）是一个类似的概念，但它与遗传决定论不同，前者指的是理解的层面，而后者指的是基因所起的据称的因果作用。[2]生物决定论与科学和社会领域的运动有关，包括优生学、科学种族主义以及围绕智商遗传性、性取向基础和社会生物学的争论。[3][4][5]

参考资料

1. Biological determinism. Oxford Reference. 2021 [26 September 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-19）. The idea that an individual's personality or behaviour is caused by their particular genetic endowment, rather than by social or cultural factors—by nature rather than nurture. 
2. Hayes, Nicky; Stratton, Peter. A Student's Dictionary of Psychology and Neuroscience. Routledge. 2017: 138. ISBN 978-1351803199. 
3. Allen, Garland E. The Roots of Biological Determinism: review of The Mismeasure of Man by Stephen Jay Gould. Journal of the History of Biology. 1984, 17 (1): 141–145. JSTOR 4330882. PMID 11611452. S2CID 29672121. doi:10.1007/bf00397505. 
4. Lewontin, Richard; Rose, Steven; Kamin, Leon. Not in Our Genes: Biology, Ideology and Human Nature. Pantheon Books. 1984: 131–163. 
5. May, Robert M. Sociobiology: a new synthesis and an old quarrel. Nature. 1 April 1976, 260 (5550): 390–392. Bibcode:1976Natur.260..390M. PMID 11643303. S2CID 4144395. doi:10.1038/260390a0 .