玛莎·P·约翰逊

玛莎·P·约翰逊 Marsha P. Johnson
出生	Malcolm Michaels Jr.[1][2][3][4] (1945-08-24)1945年8月24日[1][2][3] 美國新澤西州伊麗莎白[5]
逝世	1992年7月6日(1992歲—07—06)（46歲）[5] 美國纽约
知名于	同性恋解放运动

玛莎·约翰逊（英語：Marsha P. Johnson，1945年8月24日—1992年7月6日）是美国同性恋解放运动[6][7]活動人士、變裝皇后打扮者、變性人[8][9] [10]，1969年石牆暴動中的核心人物之一，[6] [11] [12]此外她還是同性恋解放阵线（英语：Gay Liberation Front）和街头易装癖行动革命者（英语：Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries）創始成員。[13]1992年，约翰逊的遗体在哈德逊河被发现。警察最初判斷死亡原因为自杀[14]，但约翰逊的友人坚持认为约翰逊是被他殺[15][16]。

参考文献

1. Washington, K.C. Marsha P. Johnson (1945–1992). BlackPast.org（英语：BlackPast.org）. April 9, 2019 [June 30, 2020]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-14）. 
2. Sewell Chan. Marsha P. Johnson, a Transgender Pioneer and Activist – The New York Times. The New York Times (Nytimes.com). March 8, 2018 [March 9, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-28）. 
3. Scan of Birth Certificate （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Name: Malcolm Michaels; Sex: Male; Place of Birth: St. Elizabeth Hospital; Date of Birth: August 24, 1945; Registration Date: August 27, 1945; Date of Issue: September 4, 1990. Accessed September 10, 2015.
4. U.S., Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936–2007, Death, Burial, Cemetery & Obituaries: "Michaels, Malcolm Jr [Malcolm Mike Michaels Jr], [M Michae Jr], [Malculm Jr]. …Gender: Male. Race: Black. Birth Date: 24 Aug 1945. Birth Place: Elizabeth, Union, New Jersey [Elizabeth, New Jersey]. Death Date: Jul 1992. Database on-line. Provo, UT, US: Ancestry.com"
5. Chan 2018.
6. Kasino 2012. sfn模板錯誤: 無指向目標: CITEREFKasino2012 (幫助)
7. I've been involved in gay liberation ever since it first started in 1969, 15:20 into the interview, Johnson is quoted as saying this.
8. 誰「有權」訴說黑人女變性者的故事？. BBC. [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-26）. 
9. Feinberg, Leslie. Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries. 工人世界党. September 24, 2006 [July 15, 2017]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-09）. Stonewall combatants Sylvia Rivera and Marsha "Pay It No Mind" Johnson... Both were self-identified drag queens. 
10. Two Transgender Activists Are Getting a Monument in New York. May 29, 2019 [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-30）. 'I was no one, nobody, from Nowheresville, until I became a drag queen,' Ms. Johnson said in 1992. 
11. Carter, David. Stonewall: The Riots that Sparked the Gay Revolution. St. Martin's. 2004: 64, 261, 298. ISBN 0-312-20025-0. 
12. Making Gay History: Episode 11 – Johnson & Wicker. 1987 [July 6, 2017]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-02）. 
13. Giffney, Noreen. Queering the Non/Human. December 28, 2012: 252 [July 9, 2017]. ISBN 9781409491408. （原始内容存档于2020-07-01）. 
14. Feinberg, Leslie. Transgender Warriors: Making History from Joan of Arc to Dennis Rodman. 波士顿: Beacon Press（英语：Beacon Press）. 1996: 131. ISBN 0-8070-7941-3. 
15. Wicker, Randolfe (1992) "Bennie Toney 1992".  Accessed July 26, 2015.
16. Wicker, Randolfe (1992) "Marsha P Johnson – People's Memorial".  Accessed July 26, 2015.

资料来源

• Carter, David. Stonewall: the riots that sparked the gay revolution. New York, New York: St. Martin's Press. May 25, 2010 [2020-07-03]. ISBN 9780312671938. OCLC 659681252. （原始内容存档于2020-07-01）. 
• Chan, Sewell. Marsha P. Johnson: A transgender pioneer and activist who was a fixture of Greenwich Village street life.. The New York Times. March 8, 2018 [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-28）. 
• Pay It No Mind – The Life and Times of Marsha P. Johnson. 2012 [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）. 

外部链接

• 玛莎·P·约翰逊在互联网电影资料库（IMDb）上的資料（英文）