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梨狀肌症候群
梨狀肌症候群
又称	深臀症候群
	梨状肌症候群在体内的發生位置
症状	坐时會使臀部疼痛加劇
病程	長期
病因	受傷、痉挛、过度使用
診斷方法	依臨床症狀
鑑別診斷	椎間盤突出症、腎結石、薦髂關節功能障礙（英语：SI joint dysfunction）
治療	避免會引發症状的活动、伸展（英语：stretching）、药物
藥物	非類固醇消炎藥、皮質類固醇或肉毒桿菌毒素注射
患病率	不明（2017）
分类和外部资源
醫學專科	骨科, 運動醫學
ICD-11	8C11.00
MedlinePlus	000776
eMedicine	87545
	[编辑此条目的维基数据]

梨狀肌症候群（英語：Piriformis Syndrome）是梨状肌压迫到坐骨神经導致的疾病^[2] ^[5]。症状包括可能臀部和腿部疼痛和麻木^[2] ^[3]。通常在坐下或跑步时症状会恶化^[3]。

原因可能包括臀肌（英语：Gluteal muscles）受伤、梨状肌痉挛、解剖變異或过度使用^[2]。然而，文獻上只有少數运动選手發生相关病症^[2]。因没有明确的检测方法，诊断相對困难^[5] ^[4]。有些身體檢查的手法有助於診斷^[3]。醫學影像檢查結果通常正常^[2]。會發生类似症状的包括椎間盤突出症^[3]。

治疗包括避免會誘發症状的活动、伸展（英语：Stretching）、物理治療和使用非类固醇类消炎药^[3] ^[5]。对于療效不佳的患者，可局部注射皮質類固醇或肉毒桿菌毒素^[2]。通常不建议手术^[3]。其發生率並不清楚，且在不同族群的發生率也可能不同^[4] ^[2]。

參見

参考文獻

^ Martin, HD; Reddy, M; Gómez-Hoyos, J. Deep gluteal syndrome. Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery. July 2015, 2 (2): 99–107. PMC 4718497 . PMID 27011826. doi:10.1093/jhps/hnv029.
^ ^2.00 ^2.01 ^2.02 ^2.03 ^2.04 ^2.05 ^2.06 ^2.07 ^2.08 ^2.09 ^2.10 Cass, SP. Piriformis syndrome: a cause of nondiscogenic sciatica. Current Sports Medicine Reports. January 2015, 14 (1): 41–4. PMID 25574881. doi:10.1249/JSR.0000000000000110.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 ^3.6 ^3.7 ^3.8 Piriformis Syndrome. Merck Manuals Professional Edition. October 2014 [30 December 2017]. （原始内容存档于6 November 2017）（加拿大英语）.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 Hopayian, K; Danielyan, A. Four symptoms define the piriformis syndrome: an updated systematic review of its clinical features. European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology: Orthopedie Traumatologie. 23 August 2017, 28 (2): 155–164. PMID 28836092. doi:10.1007/s00590-017-2031-8.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Miller TA, White KP, Ross DC. The diagnosis and management of Piriformis Syndrome: myths and facts. The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. September 2012, 39 (5): 577–83. PMID 22931697. doi:10.1017/s0317167100015298 . that is presumed to be a compression neuropathy of the sciatic nerve at the level of the piriformis muscle

延伸閱讀

Jassal, Navdeep Singh. Piriformis Muscle Syndrome. Pope, Jason E.; Deer, Timothy R (编). Treatment of Chronic Pain Conditions. 2017: 269–71. ISBN 978-1-4939-6974-6. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6976-0_78.

外部連節

[1] Martin, HD; Reddy, M; Gómez-Hoyos, J. Deep gluteal syndrome. Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery. July 2015, 2 (2): 99–107. PMC 4718497 . PMID 27011826. doi:10.1093/jhps/hnv029.

[Cas2015-2] 2.00 ^2.01 ^2.02 ^2.03 ^2.04 ^2.05 ^2.06 ^2.07 ^2.08 ^2.09 ^2.10 Cass, SP. Piriformis syndrome: a cause of nondiscogenic sciatica. Current Sports Medicine Reports. January 2015, 14 (1): 41–4. PMID 25574881. doi:10.1249/JSR.0000000000000110.

[Mer2014Pro-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 ^3.6 ^3.7 ^3.8 Piriformis Syndrome. Merck Manuals Professional Edition. October 2014 [30 December 2017]. （原始内容存档于6 November 2017）（加拿大英语）.

[Hop2017-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 Hopayian, K; Danielyan, A. Four symptoms define the piriformis syndrome: an updated systematic review of its clinical features. European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology: Orthopedie Traumatologie. 23 August 2017, 28 (2): 155–164. PMID 28836092. doi:10.1007/s00590-017-2031-8.

[Mil2012-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Miller TA, White KP, Ross DC. The diagnosis and management of Piriformis Syndrome: myths and facts. The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. September 2012, 39 (5): 577–83. PMID 22931697. doi:10.1017/s0317167100015298 . that is presumed to be a compression neuropathy of the sciatic nerve at the level of the piriformis muscle

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