天主教为守小斋,在周五只食用鱼肉而不食用其他肉类,曾在历史上促进渔业的发展[11]。在英国的宗教改革运动中,新教徒为表示自己与天主教徒的区别而选择不在周五食用鱼肉,一度出现新教徒不吃鱼肉的现象,不吃鱼肉也一度成为忠于英国国教圣公宗的象征。英国谚语“He eats no fish and plays the game”(直译意为“他不吃鱼而且玩游戏”)意为“他忠诚而守规矩”[12]。但在1563年英国女王伊丽莎白一世在位时期,为促进渔业的发展、使肉类的价格得到控制,法律又规定周三、周五和周六必须吃鱼而不能吃其他肉类(但小牛肉、野味、禽肉不在限制之列)[13][14]。
^McKnight, Scot. Fasting: The Ancient Practices. Thomas Nelson. 2010: 88. ISBN 9781418576134(英语). John Wesley, in his Journal, wrote on Friday, August 17, 1739, that "many of our society met, as we had appointed, at one in the afternoon and agreed that all members of our society should obey the Church to which we belong by observing 'all Fridays in the year' as 'days of fasting and abstinence.'
^Synan, Vinson. The Holiness-Pentecostal Tradition: Charismatic Movements in the Twentieth Century. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 1997-08-25: 24. ISBN 9780802841032(英语).
^Smith, Larry D. Progressive Sanctification(PDF). God's Revivalist and Bible Advocate (God's Bible School and College). September 2008, 120 (6) [2019-03-30]. (原始内容存档(PDF)于2017-07-10) (英语).