|
විකිපීඩියා:Manual of Style/Infoboxes
An infobox is a panel, usually in the top right of an article, next to the lead section (in the desktop version of Wikipedia), or at the end of the lead section of an article (in the mobile version), that summarizes key facts about the page's subject. Infoboxes may also include an image, a map, or both. Wikipedia's infoboxes almost always use the template software feature. The templates have parameters; to work properly, the parameter values have to be specified when the template is inserted in the page. This allows each infobox to show information relevant to the article subject, while requiring only a minimal amount of coding within each article. PurposeWhen considering any aspect of infobox design, keep in mind the purpose of an infobox: to summarize (and not supplant) key facts that appear in the article. (That is, an article should remain complete with its summary infobox ignored, with exceptions noted below.) The less information it contains, the more effectively it serves that purpose, allowing readers to identify key facts at a glance. Of necessity, some infoboxes contain more than just a few fields; however, wherever possible, present information in short form, and exclude any unnecessary content. Avoid links to sections within the article; the table of contents provides that function.
As with any guideline, there will be exceptions where a piece of key specialised information is difficult to integrate into the body text, but where that information may be placed in the infobox. Prominent examples include the ISO 639 and similar codes in {{Infobox language}} and most of the parameters in {{Chembox}}. Using an infobox also makes its data available to third party re-users (such as DBpedia) in a granular and machine readable format, often using microformats. Infoboxes can also present data imported from Wikidata (e.g., Category:Infobox templates using Wikidata), although imported data must comply with English Wikipedia policies. Design principlesStyle, color and formattingGeneral consistency should be aimed for across articles using the same infobox. A good guideline is not to add extraneous style formatting over that in a default infobox without good reason. Infoboxes may tend towards greater abbreviation than that generally used in article bodies. The general guidelines WP:NBSP (use of non-breaking spaces), WP:MOSNUM (numbers and dates), and WP:COLOR (use of color) are likely to be particularly relevant. As with navigation templates, the purpose of the infobox is for its utility, not appearance; therefore, infoboxes should not be arbitrarily decorative. ImagesWhen adding an image to an infobox, thumbnails should NOT be used. Infobox templates should implement the InfoboxImage module to help with formatting of images so simply supplying the file name will work. For example, to use File:Image PlaceHolder.png, you can simply use Consistency between infoboxesFor consistency the following guidelines apply:
Causes of inconsistencyA number of factors can cause inconsistency in available summary information for a particular type of article:
General design considerationsThe availability of optional fields does not mean that all fields should be made optional, nor that large numbers of rarely used fields should be added without regard for the layout and ease-of-use of the infobox template. In some cases, the markup for the field still needs to be downloaded even if it is not displayed. Creating overly long templates with a number of irrelevant fields is not recommended. As you design an infobox template, consider the following questions:
Geographical infoboxesInfoboxes for geographical items (e.g. cities and countries) should generally be headed with the article title, although the formal version of a name (e.g. Republic of Montenegro at Montenegro) can be substituted. Where the article title is disambiguated, the plain name can head the infobox, as long as the topic is clear (e.g. São Paulo at São Paulo (state)). Alternative or native names can appear beneath this if beneficial. Extensive historic names are often better in a second infobox, as at Augsburg. Dynamic templatesIn theory, the fields in an infobox should be consistent across every article using it; in practice, however, this is rarely the case, for a number of reasons. Infobox templates should be designed to dynamically adapt themselves to the absence or presence of particular fields. Like static infoboxes, they are designed to present summary information about an article's subject, such that similar subjects have a uniform look and in a common format. However, the template technique allows updates of style and of common text from a central place, the template page. While there are several alternatives to dynamic infoboxes, such as using multiple (forked) templates or leaving fields blank, they should be avoided, for a number of reasons:
RequirementAssess the requirement of a new infobox before designing one. A few points should be considered while initiating a new infobox:
ImplementationsBasing a new infobox template on Template:Infobox allows the designer to concentrate on which fields to include. Functionality such as default styling and suppression of rows in an article that has no value for a particular field are taken care of automatically. Conditional templatesප්රධාන ලිපිය: mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions
Parser functions can be used to selectively show or hide particular content (such as table rows) within an infobox based on the value of one or more template parameters. For example, a parameter may be designed to display only if another parameter exists. A simplistic test to display a caption only when an image is present could be: | caption = {{#if:{{{image|}}}|{{{caption|}}} }}
Name-resolved meta-templatesSeveral sub-templates (and independent templates) have a common name prefix. They are included in an infobox based on the value of a particular parameter, which acts as the name suffix. For example, we create Multi-part infoboxesRather than having each field correspond to a parameter on one template, the infobox consists of an individual sub-template for each field; see, for example, Template:Taxobox. Interaction between multiple templatesTemplates can be designed in a modular way, such that various combinations are possible. A combination may even appear on the page as a single infobox. For example, if the WikiProject Saints group wanted to design a template based on their static infobox, they could use Template:Infobox Biography, and design a project-specific template with only additional information, and the pages would render both "stacked" together. Using infoboxes in articlesThe use of infoboxes is neither required nor prohibited for any article. Whether to include an infobox, which infobox to include, and which parts of the infobox to use, is determined through discussion and consensus among the editors at each individual article. The meaning given to each infobox part should be the same across instances of that type of infobox. For example, for a particular infobox type, if one of its fields is called "weight", it would be inappropriate to sometimes use this field to denote "weight at birth" and other times "weight at maturity". Each infobox type should have documentation giving instruction on how each part/field may be used. Like navigation templates, infoboxes should avoid flag icons. For more information about flag icons, see . References in infoboxesReferences are acceptable in some cases, but generally not needed in infoboxes if the content is repeated (and cited) elsewhere or if the information is obvious. If the material needs a reference (see WP:MINREF for guidelines) and the information does not also appear in the body of the article, the reference should be included in the infobox. But editors should first consider including the fact in the body of the article. Ethnicity in infoboxesThe Wikipedia community has decided at this RfC not to allow the use of an Religion in infoboxesThe Wikipedia community has decided at this RfC not to allow the use of a Nationality and citizenshipMost biography infoboxes have nationality and citizenship, which are similar but sometimes distinct legal categories. Generally, use of either should be avoided when the country to which the subject belongs can be inferred from the country of birth, as specified with See alsoList of templates
Other infobox information
Other types of templates
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Portal di Ensiklopedia Dunia
