^G. Vasari, Le vite de' piu eccellenti pittori, scultori ed architettori, ed. G. Milanesi, Milan, 1906, VI, 551. Late in his career Raphael typically assigned portions of his works to assistants. On this point see Andrea Emiliani," L'estasi di Santa Cecilia," in L'estasi di Santa Cecilia di Raffaello da Urbino nella Pinacoteca Nazionale di Bologna, ed. Andrea Emiliani, Bologna: Alfa, 1983, i–xciii,
^Letters from Italy; quoted in Singleton (1899), p. 288.
^Vasari, IV, 349, and III, 545; Vasari (1987), 303–304; Champlin and Perkins (1913), 261. Pucci family documents ascribe the commission to Cardinal Lorenzo's nephew, Antonio, a canon of Florence Cathedral. O. Pucci, "La santa Cecilia di Raffaello d'Urbino," Rivista Fiorentina, I, June, 1908, 6–7.
^Stanislaw Mossakowski, "Raphael's St. Cecilia. An Iconographical Study," Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte, 31 (1968), 1–2; Gabriella Zarri, "L'altra Cecilia: Elena Duglioli dall'Olio (1472–1520)," in La Santa Cecilia di Raffaello: Indagini per un dipinto, ed. Andrea Emiliani (Bologna: Alfa, 1983), 81–118; Carla Bernardini, "Antefatti Bolognese: Una traccia," in L'estasi di Santa Cecilia di Raffaello da Urbino nella Pinacoteca Nazionale di Bologna, ed. Andrea Emiliani, Bologna: Alfa, 1983, 2–19. Historian Eugène Müntz suggested in his 1882 biography of the artist that Elena Duglioni was inspired to build a chapel by a vision, but conveyed her inspiration to her kinsman Antonio Pucci, who footed the bill for the chapel and convinced his uncle Lorenzo to commission the work. Müntz (1882), 525.
^Mossakowski, 2; Roger Jones and Nicholas Penny, Raphael, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983, 146.
^Mossakowski, 3–4; Jones and Penny, 146; Wolfgang Osthoff, "Raffael und die Musik", in Raffael in seiner Zeit, ed. Volker Hoffman
Nurnberg: Verlag Hans Carl, 1987, 155–88.
^Thomas Connolly, Mourning into Joy: Music, Raphael, and St. Cecilia, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995
^Mossakowski, 5–6, suggests the broken instruments represent "the secular music of the wedding rejected by St. Cecilia." He goes on to note that instrumental music had, since the time of the Greeks, been less esteemed than vocal music.
^P. Kristeller, "Marc-Antonios Beziehungen zu Raffael", Jahrbuch der Preussischen Kunstsammlungen, XXVIII (1907), 219–221, 228; M. Pittaluga, L'incisione italiana nel Cinquecento, 1928, pp. 144, 197.