ホロスポラ科

ホロスポラ科
分類
ドメイン : 真正細菌 Bacteria 門 : Pseudomonadota門 綱 : アルファプロテオバクテリア綱 Alphaproteobacteria 目 : ホロスポラ目 Holosporales 科 : ホロスポラ科 Holosporaceae
学名
Holosporaceae Görtz & Schmidt 2006[1] (IJSEMリストに掲載 2006)[2] 修正　Szokoli et al. 2016[3]
タイプ属
ホロスポラ属 Holospora (ex Hafkine 1890)[4] Gromov & Ossipov 1981[5]
シノニム
"Candidatus Hepatobacteraceae" Chuvochina et al. 2023[6]
下位分類（属）
本文を参照

ホロスポラ科（ホロスポラか、Holosporaceae）は、真正細菌Pseudomonadota門アルファプロテオバクテリア綱ホロスポラ目の科の一つである。

タイプ種のホロスポラ属（Holospora）はゾウリムシ（Paramecium）の細胞内寄生生物として知られている。

ゲノム

ゲノムのドラフト配列はホロスポラ属3種(ホロスポラ・オブツサ　Holospora obtusa、ホロスポラ・アンデュラータ　Holospora undulata及びホロスポラ・エレガンス　Holospora elegans)において利用可能である[7]。

下位分類（属）

ホロスポラ科は以下の属を含む(2024年8月現在)[8]。

IJSEMに正式承認されている属

• ホロスポラ属　Holospora
  (ex Hafkine 1890)[4] Gromov & Ossipov 1981[5]
• シュードカエディバクター属　Pseudocaedibacter
  Quackenbush 1982[9] (IJSEMリストに掲載 1982)[10]
• テクチバクター属　Tectibacter
  (ex Preer et al. 1974)[11] Preer & Preer 1982[12]

IJSEMに未承認の属

• "Candidatus Bealeia"
  Szokoli et al. 2016[3]　(IJSEMリストに掲載 2020)[13]
• "Candidatus Cytomitobacter"
  Tashyreva et al. 2018[14]　(IJSEMリストに掲載 2021)[15]
• "Candidatus Fujishimia"
  Boscaro et al. 2019[16]　(IJSEMリストに掲載 2022)[17]
• "Candidatus Goertzia"
  corrig. Boscaro et al. 2013[18]　(IJSEMリストに掲載 2020)[13]
• "Candidatus Gromoviella"
  Castelli et al. 2022[19]
• "Candidatus Hafkinia"
  Fokin et al. 2019[20]　(IJSEMリストに掲載 2021)[15]
• "Candidatus Hepatobacter"
  Nunan et al. 2013[21]　(IJSEMリストに掲載 2020)[13]
• "Candidatus Hydrogenosomobacter"
  Takeshita et al. 2019[22]　(IJSEMリストに掲載 2021)[15]
• "Candidatus Ignotibacter"
  corrig. George et al. 2020[23]　(IJSEMリストに掲載 2022)[17]
• "Candidatus Mystax"
  Korotaev et al. 2020[24]
• "Candidatus Paraholospora"
  Eschbach et al. 2009[25]　(IJSEMリストに掲載 2020)[13]
• "Candidatus Hepatobacter"
  Chuvochina et al. 2023[6]
• "Preeria"
  Potekhin et al. 2018[26]

現在はホロスポラ属（Holospora）とされている。

脚注

1. Görtz HD, Schmidt HJ (2005). “Family III. Holosporaceae fam. nov.”. In Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria). Springer, New York. pp. 146-149 
2. “List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 56 (1): 1-6. (01 January 2006). doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64188-0. 
3. ^ Franziska Szokoli 1 2, Michele Castelli 2, Elena Sabaneyeva 3, Martina Schrallhammer 4, Sascha Krenek 1, Thomas G Doak 5 6, Thomas U Berendonk 1, Giulio Petroni 7 (1: Institut für Hydrobiologie, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. ; 2: Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy. ; 3: Department of Cytology and Histology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia. 4Mikrobiologie, Institut für Biologie II, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. ; 5: Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA. ; 6: National Center for Genome Analysis Support, Bloomington, Indiana, USA. ; 7: Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy giulio. ) (21 November 2016). “Disentangling the Taxonomy of Rickettsiales and Description of Two Novel Symbionts (“Candidatus Bealeia paramacronuclearis” and “Candidatus Fokinia cryptica”) Sharing the Cytoplasm of the Ciliate Protist Paramecium biaurelia”. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82 (24): 7236-7247. doi:10.1128/AEM.02284-16. PMC 5118934. PMID 27742680. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5118934/. 
4. ^ Hafkine, W. M. (1890). “Maladies infectieuses des paramecies”. Annls Inst Pasteur Paris 4: 148-162. 
5. ^ B. V. Gromov, D. V. Ossipov (01 July 1981). “Holospora (ex Hafkine 1890) nom. rev., a Genus of Bacteria Inhabiting the Nuclei of Paramecia”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 31 (3): 348-352. doi:10.1099/00207713-31-3-348. 
6. ^ Maria Chuvochina 1, Aaron J Mussig 1, Pierre-Alain Chaumeil 1, Adam Skarshewski 1, Christian Rinke 1, Donovan H Parks 1, Philip Hugenholtz 1 (1: The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Centre for Ecogenomics,, St Lucia QLD 4072, Brisbane, Australia.) (21 July 2023). “Proposal of names for 329 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes”. FEMS Microbiology Letters 370: fnad071. doi:10.1093/femsle/fnad071. PMC 10408702. PMID 37480240. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10408702/. 
7. Hideo Dohra, Kenya Tanaka, Tomohiro Suzuki, Masahiro Fujishima, Haruo Suzuki (01 October 2014). “Draft genome sequences of three Holospora species (Holospora obtusa, Holospora undulata, and Holospora elegans), endonuclear symbiotic bacteria of the ciliate Paramecium caudatum”. FEMS Microbiology Letters 359 (1): 16–18. doi:10.1111/1574-6968.12577. 
8. Jean P. Euzéby, Aidan C. Parte. “Family Holosporaceae”. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. 2024年8月16日閲覧。
9. ROBERT L. QUACKENBUSH (01 October 1978). “Genetic Relationships among Bacterial Endosymbionts of Paramecium aurelia. Deoxyribonucleotide Sequence Relationships among Members of Caedobacter”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 108 (2): 181-187. doi:10.1099/00221287-108-2-181. 
10. “Validation of the Publication of New Names and New Combinations Previously Effectively Published Outside the IJSB: List No. 8”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 32 (2): 266-268. (01 April 1982). doi:10.1099/00207713-32-2-266. 
11. “Kappa and other endosymbionts in Paramecium aurelia”. Bacteriological Reviews 38: 113–163. (1974). 
12. J. R. PREER JR., L. B. PREER (01 January 1982). “Revival of Names of Protozoan Endosymbionts and Proposal of Holospora caryophila nom. nov”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 32 (1): 140-141. doi:10.1099/00207713-32-1-140. 
13. ^ Aharon Oren1, George M. Garrity2,3, Charles T. Parker3, Maria Chuvochina4 and Martha E. Trujillo5 (1: The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel ; 2: Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Physical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-4320, USA ; 3: NamesforLife, LLC, PO Box 769, Okemos MI 48805-0769, USA ; 4: Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, University of Queensland, St. Lucia QLD 4072, Brisbane, Australia ; 5: Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain) (30 June 2020). “Lists of names of prokaryotic Candidatus taxa”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70 (7): 3956-4042. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003789. 
14. Daria Tashyreva # 1, Galina Prokopchuk # 1, Jan Votýpka 1 2, Akinori Yabuki 3, Aleš Horák 1 4, Julius Lukeš 5 4 (1: Biology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic. ; 2: Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. ; 3: Department of Marine Diversity, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan. ; 4: Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic. ; 5: Biology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic [e-mail]. ; #: Contributed equally. ) (6 March 2018). “Life Cycle, Ultrastructure, and Phylogeny of New Diplonemids and Their Endosymbiotic Bacteria”. ASM Journals 9 (2). doi:10.1128/mBio.02447-17. PMC 5845003. PMID 29511084. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5845003/. 
15. ^ Aharon Oren1 and George M. Garrity2 (1: The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel ; 2: Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Physical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-4320, USA) (21 April 2021). “Candidatus List No. 2. Lists of names of prokaryotic Candidatus taxa”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 71 (4): 4671. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004671. 
16. Vittorio Boscaro 1, Filip Husnik 1, Claudia Vannini 2, Patrick J Keeling 1 (1: Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada. ; 2: Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. ) (24 July 2019). “Symbionts of the ciliate Euplotes: diversity, patterns and potential as models for bacteria-eukaryote endosymbioses”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286 (1907): 20190693. doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.0693. PMC 6661354. PMID 31311477. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6661354/. 
17. ^ Aharon Oren1 and George M. Garrity2 (1: The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel ; 2: Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Physical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-4320, USA (31 January 2022). “CANDIDATUS LIST No. 3. Lists of names of prokaryotic Candidatus taxa”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 72 (1): 5186. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005186. 
18. Vittorio Boscaro 1, Sergei I Fokin, Martina Schrallhammer, Michael Schweikert, Giulio Petroni (1: Biology Department, Protistology-Zoology Unit, University of Pisa, Via A. Volta 4, 56126 Pisa, Italy.) (01 September 2012). “Revised Systematics of Holospora-Like Bacteria and Characterization of “Candidatus Gortzia infectiva”, a Novel Macronuclear Symbiont of Paramecium jenningsi”. Microbial Ecology 65: 255–267. doi:10.1007/s00248-012-0110-2. PMID 22940732. 
19. Michele Castelli # 1, Olivia Lanzoni # 2 3, Michele Giovannini 2, Natalia Lebedeva 4, Leandro Gammuto 2, Davide Sassera 1, Maksim Melekhin 5 6, Alexey Potekhin 5 6, Sergei Fokin 2 7, Giulio Petroni 2 (1: Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy. ; 2: Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy. ; 3: Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. ; 4: Centre of Core Facilities "Culture Collections of Microorganisms", Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia. ; 5: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia. ; 6: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Protistology, Zoological Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia. ; 7: Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia. ; #: Contributed equally.) PMID=34766443 (2022 Feb). “"Candidatus Gromoviella agglomerans", a novel intracellular Holosporaceae parasite of the ciliate Paramecium showing marked genome reduction”. Environmental Microbiology Reports 14 (1): 34-49. doi:10.1111/1758-2229.13021. 
20. Sergei I Fokin 1 2 3, Valentina Serra 4, Filippo Ferrantini 5, Letizia Modeo 5, Giulio Petroni 5 (1: Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy. [e-mail]. ; 2: Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia, 199034. [e-mail]. ; 3: St. Petersburg Branch of the S.I. Vavilov Institute of History of Science and Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia, 199034. [e-mail]. ; 4: Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy. [e-mail]. ; 5: Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy. (09 January 2019). ““Candidatus Hafkinia simulans” gen. nov., sp. nov., a Novel Holospora-Like Bacterium from the Macronucleus of the Rare Brackish Water Ciliate Frontonia salmastra (Oligohymenophorea, Ciliophora): Multidisciplinary Characterization of the New Endosymbiont and Its Host”. Microbial Ecology 77: 1092–1106. doi:10.1007/s00248-018-1311-0. PMID 30627761. 
21. Linda M Nunan 1, Carlos R Pantoja, Silvia Gomez-Jimenez, Donald V Lightner (1: Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA) (4 February 2013). ““Candidatus Hepatobacter penaei,” an Intracellular Pathogenic Enteric Bacterium in the Hepatopancreas of the Marine Shrimp Penaeus vannamei (Crustacea: Decapoda)”. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79 (4). doi:10.1128/AEM.02425-12. PMC 3568585. PMID 23241970. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3568585/. 
22. Kazutaka Takeshita 1, Takanori Yamada 1, Yuto Kawahara 1, Takashi Narihiro 2, Michihiro Ito 1, Yoichi Kamagata 2, Naoya Shinzato 3 2 (1: Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan. ; 2: Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. ; 3: Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan) (27 November 2019). “Tripartite Symbiosis of an Anaerobic Scuticociliate with Two Hydrogenosome-Associated Endosymbionts, a Holospora-Related Alphaproteobacterium and a Methanogenic Archaeon”. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 85 (24). doi:10.1128/AEM.00854-19. PMC 6881808. PMID 31585988. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6881808/. 
23. Emma E George 1, Filip Husnik 2, Daria Tashyreva 3, Galina Prokopchuk 3, Aleš Horák 4, Waldan K Kwong 2, Julius Lukeš 4, Patrick J Keeling 2 (1: University of British Columbia, Department of Botany, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Electronic address: [e-mail]. ; 2: University of British Columbia, Department of Botany, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. ; 3: Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic. ; 4: Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.) (2020 Mar 9). “Highly Reduced Genomes of Protist Endosymbionts Show Evolutionary Convergence”. Current Biology 30 (5): 925-933. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.12.070. PMID 31978335. 
24. Aleksandr Korotaev 1, Konstantin Benken 2 and Elena Sabaneyeva 1 (1: Department of Cytology and Histology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia ; 2: Core Facility Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia (19 June 2020). ““Candidatus Mystax nordicus” Aggregates with Mitochondria of Its Host, the Ciliate Paramecium nephridiatum”. MDPI 12 (6): 251. doi:10.3390/d12060251. 
25. Erik Eschbach 1, Martin Pfannkuchen, Michael Schweikert, Denja Drutschmann, Franz Brümmer, Sergei Fokin, Wolfgang Ludwig, Hans-Dieter Görtz (1: Universität Stuttgart, Biologisches Institut, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.) (October 2009). ““Candidatus Paraholospora nucleivisitans”, an intracellular bacterium in Paramecium sexaurelia shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus of its host”. Systematic and Applied Microbiology 32 (7): 490-500. doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2009.07.004. PMID 19679418. 
26. Alexey Potekhin 1, Michael Schweikert 2, Irina Nekrasova 1, Valerio Vitali 3, Sabine Schwarzer 4, Arina Anikina 1, Oliver Kaltz 5, Giulio Petroni 3, Martina Schrallhammer 3 4 (1: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 190020 Saint Petersburg, Russia. ; 2: Biobased Materials Group, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. ; 3: Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy. ; 4: Microbiology, Institute of Biology II, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; 5: Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France.) (26 April 2018). “Complex life cycle, broad host range and adaptation strategy of the intranuclear Paramecium symbiont Preeria caryophila comb. nov”. FEMS Microbiology Letters 94 (7): fiy076. doi:10.1093/femsec/fiy076. PMID 29718229.