^Richard L. Goerwitz (1996). “The Jewish Scripts”. In Peter T. Daniels; William Bright. The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. p. 487. ISBN0195079930
^Ruth A. Berman (1997). “Modern Hebrew”. In Robert Hetzron. The Semitic Languages. Routledge. p. 315. ISBN9780415412667
^Geoffrey Sampson (1985). Writing Systems. Stanford University Press. p. 80. ISBN0804717567
^Joseph Naveh (2007). “ʿayin”. Encyclopedia Judaica. 2 (2nd ed.). Macmillan Reference USA (Thomson Gale). p. 760. ISBN9780028659282