Blastocèle

Blastocèle.

Le blastocèle, ou blastocoele, est une cavité apparaissant entre les blastomères, caractéristique du stade blastula des embryons. Il est rempli de liquide, d'eau et de sels.

Le blastocèle se forme par la conjonction de deux phénomènes :

  • la non adhésion des cellules trophoblastiques par l'intermédiaire de jonctions étanches (dispositif anti-reflux) (ou jonctions serrées) ;
  • l'expression partielle dans les cellules du cytosquelette, la Na/K ATPase qui entraîne un flux de sodium, et par osmose un flux de liquide utérin, vers l'intérieur de l'embryon. Une fois à l'intérieur, ce liquide ne peut plus en sortir.

La formation du blastocèle a pour conséquence l'amincissement et la fragilisation de la zone pellucide.

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