In 1970, he graduated from the Kharkiv Law University with the specialty of law enforcement.
Smirnov worked in internal services after his army service. Since 1970 he worked in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. Held the positions of investigator, inspector, chief of departments and directorates in the Kharkiv and Luhansk Oblasts.
Since 1997 — Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs for the Southeastern Region — chief of the MVS directorate in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast.
Since May 2000 — Minister of Internal Affairs, chief of the Main Directorate of the MVS in Kyiv.
26 March 2001 he was appointed as the Minister of Internal Affairs by the decree of the President of Ukraine. In 2001—2003 he was the interior minister of Ukraine. In 2003—2005 Smirnov was an adviser of the President, deputy of the Secretary of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine.