Yoshio Aramaki (荒巻義雄, Aramaki Yoshio, born 12 April 1933) is a Japanese science fiction and mystery writer, critic and art collector. His original given name was Kunio Aramaki (荒巻邦夫, Aramaki Kunio). He has changed his name to Yoshimasa Aramaki (荒巻義雅).[1] Aramaki is well known by his so-called "Meta-SF" works which are characterized by their speculative and fantastic themes and depictions.[1][2] He is also famous for his various series of "imaginary battle" novels and alternate history novels such as Konpeki no Kantai series. He is a member of the Japan Writers’ Association, and of the SFWJ (Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of Japan),[3] and of the Contemporary Haiku Association. He was also a professor in the Seishū Women's University [4] (now, Sapporo International University) from 1993 to 1997.[5]
Biography
Overview
Aramaki was born on 12 April 1933 in Otaru in Hokkaidō prefecture.[6][7] He graduated from Hokkaidō Minami Sapporo high school.[8] He graduated from Waseda University. He became an employee at a publishing company and worked in Tokyo.[5] But he returned to Sapporo to take over his family business.[7]
Aramaki entered school again and graduated from the department of technology, civil engineering course, in the Hokkai Gakuen University Junior College Division (北海学園大学短期大学部), and obtained an architect degree. He took office as a representative director in Hokken Shōji Co. Ltd (北建商事株式会社).[5][7]
He joined the Hokkaidō science fiction club and contributed various stories and critiques to the magazine "CORE" from 1965 to 1967. In 1970, Aramaki presented a critique "Theory of Novels by Kunst" (術の小説論, Jutsu no Shōsetsu-ron) in S-F Magazine in response to Kōichi Yamano Here, Aramaki analyzed the Robert Heinlein's works by using the concept of "fiction by Kunst",[9] thereby he advocated the new possibilities of Japanese SF works in this critique.[2] He also published his allegorical short story "Ōinaru Shōgo (The Great Noon)" (大いなる正午) in the same publication.[10] He thus he debuted as a writer and a critic in the same publication.
Aramaki wrote novels New Wave science fiction and Surrealism. At the same time, he also wrote Space opera stories such as the "Big Wars" series and so on. His short story "Yawarakai Tokei" (柔らかい時計,
"Soft Clocks"), took its central motif from the picture by Salvador Dalí. It translated into English and appeared in the British SF magazine Interzone in 1989 to some acclaim.
His early speculative novelette "Shirakabe no Moji wa Yūhi ni Haeru" (白壁の文字は夕陽に映える, The Writings on the White Wall are Shined On By the Setting Sun) won the Seiun Award in 1972.[11] His first full-length and the first volume of the"Shiraki series, Shiroki Hi Tabidateba Fushi (白き日旅立てば不死, Departing on the White Day, That Is, Immortality), was a runner-up for the Izumi Kyōka Prize for Literature.[7]
Aramaki wrote many "Denki-Roman stories" (伝奇ロマン小説, Legendary Roman story) in the 1980s and 1990s. He also wrote many "imaginary battle / alternate history" stories from the middle 1980s to ca. 2000. They are "Yōsai series" (要塞シリーズ, Fortress series) and "Fleet series" which contains "Konpeki no Kantai series (Deep Blue Fleet)" and "Kyokujitsu no Kantai series (Fleet of the Rising Sun)". He published the critique "Discovery of Simulation Novels" (シミュレーション小説の発見, Shimyureeshon shōsestu no hakken) in 1994.
After 2000, he published the books of the Corridor of Super Strings - Atlantis Big Wars series and other work.
In November 2014, he commenced publication of the Teihon Aramaki Yoshio Meta-SF Zenshū (定本荒巻義雄メタSF全集 (Aramaki Yoshio Complete and Standard Collection of Meta-SF Works). The publication of this collection was completed in July 2015. The Collection is made up of seven main volumes and one extra. In July 2017, Aramaki published the last volume of his meta-SF series, Shiraki series Mohaya Uchū wa Meikyū no Kagami no yōni (もはや宇宙は迷宮の鏡のように, "Now the Cosmos is Like the Mirrors of Labyrinth".
Aramaki was the owner of the Sapporo Tokeidai gallery (札幌時計台ギャラリー).[12] He is known as a collector of the paintings of the artists in Hokkaidō. Many paintings in the collection were donated to the Sapporo Arts Forest Museum (札幌芸術の森美術館).[13]
Early career
Aramaki has stated the origin of his surreal and "speculative" emotions had their root in his birthplace, Otaru.[14] The circumstances in the young days might form his basis of imaginations. The land of Hokkaidō and his early experiences are recurrent themes in his later works.
Aramaki went to the metropolis Tokyo and studied psychology in Waseda University from 1954 to 1957.[15] He worked several years in a publishing company in Tokyo. Aramaki had the ambition to be a professional writer in those days. But he did not stay in Tokyo. When he faced the violent and chaotic movement against the renewal of the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security Between the United States and Japan in 1960, he was disappointed at the ideals of the Socialist revolution and abandoned his ambition. Aramaki left Tokyo and returned to Hokkaidō to take over his family business.[7]
After returned to Sapporo, Aramaki joined a SF club and operated its coterie magazine CORE from 1965 to 1967. In this magazine, he contributed many critiques and stories. One, "Shimi" appeared in the first issue of CORE magazine, and which formed an early vision of his debut story "Ōinaru Shōgo". Then he wrote and published the critical essays on Arthur C. Clarke's Childhood's End, Philip K. Dick's The Man in the High Castle and Yasutaka Tsutsui's Tōkaidō War[16]
Aramaki joined Takumi Shibano's fan magazine Uchūjin. He contributed various critiques and stories to it. Aramaki contributed the series of critical essays on American science fiction, in which Aramaki tried to understand America and its culture, which had defeated Japan in the Pacific War. These essays would lead to the later Fleet series such as Konpeki no Kantai. Aramaki also published his short story "The Breakwater to Time (Toki no Bōhatei)" [17]", which is a prototype of "The Great Noon (Ōinaru Shōgo)".[14] He published the counterargument against Yamano's criticism. It was the beginning of the so-called "Yamano-Aramaki debate" [18]
Debate between Aramaki and Yamano
In the late 1960s, New Wave science fiction works such as those by Ballard and Dick and of the philosophically inclined unrelated work of Stanislaw Lem had begun to get noticed by Japanese science fiction readers and writers. Kōichi Yamano' published his critical article "Nihon SF no Genten to Shikō" (日本SFの原点と指向, Japanese SF: Its Originality and Orientation) [19] in S-F Magazine in 1969. Yamano described existing Japanese as imitations of American SF. With no original Japanese SF works having been written, he suggested a new movement towards it.[2][7]
Aramaki, in opposition to this Yamano's criticism, contributed his opinions to the fan magazine Uchūjin. Aramaki was also searching for new possibilities of Japanese SF. In 1969, Aramaki and Yamano debated. Yamano advocated the New SF in Japan. He began publishing his 'Quarterly NW-SF Magazine (季刊NW-SF, Kikan NW-SF) in 1970. On the other hand, Aramaki published his critical article "Jutsu no Shōsetsu-ron" (術の小説論) in S-F Magazine in 1970. Aramaki took his own course of speculative and surreal fiction.[2][7] Aramaki started publishing his unique metafictional works.
Early metafictional stories in S-F Magazine
After the debut as a writer in 1970, Aramaki went forth with his published his "metafiction" novelettes in S-F Magazine from 1970 to around 1973.[20] For details see bibliography below.
Aramaki's first novel "Shiroki Hi tabidateba Fushi" (the first book of the Shiraki series) was published in April 1972. His early masterpiece Shinsei-dai ("The Sacred Era") was published in May 1978, a short story versin of it having appeared in S-F Magazine in 1970.
Space operas and work in other genres
Aramaki tried to explore story themes in a variety of genres and styles. In 1975, he published Kūhaku no Jūjika ("Vacant Cross") an occult novel set in contemporary Japan. This is the first book of the Kūhaku series. "Tennyo no Misshitsu" in 1977 is a locked room mystery. Ōgon Mayu no Nemuri (1976) is also set in current day Japan, like Kūhaku series, the stage is contemporary Japan. This is the first book of the Kimmeria Nanatsu no Hihō ("The Seven Secret Treasures of Kimmeria") series.
Aramaki wrote the space opera stories. Kami naru Eien no Kaiki in 1978. It wasa the first book of the Big Wars series. The stories in this series are more hard science fiction.
In 1980, he published Megami-tachi no Gogo ("Afternoon of Goddesses"), a collection of novelettes. Each story features a young woman protagonist.
Meanwhile, Aramaki had graduated from the department of engineering, and was an engineer and an architect.
"Imaginary Battle" and alternative history works
Aramaki published "Niseko Yōsai 1986 part 1 - Rishiri-Rebun Tokkō-hen (ニセコ要塞1986 [1] - 利尻・礼文特攻篇 Niseko Fortress 1986). This is the first book of twenty volume Yōsai (Fortress) series (要塞シリーズ. The last book of this series 'Fugaku Yōsai 3, the Apocalypse Program (富嶽要塞3 黙示録プログラム) was published in December 2001.
While writing the series, Aramaki started to publish the new alternative history series, "Kantai Series" (艦隊シリーズFleet Series). The first volume was "Konpeki no Kantai 1". In 1992, Aramaki started publishing the Kyokujitsu no Kantai Series in addition. Sixty-there volumes were published from 1990 to 2000.[21] These convey an alternative version of World War II.
The Kantai Series as adapted into several console games, manga, and anime. The anime series were especially well-known. More than five million copies were sold.[22]
Nippon 2007 and criticism activities
In August 2007, Nippon 2007, the first World SF Convention in Asia, took place at Yokohama. A panel on steampunk and Alternate history took place with Fumio Takano, Masaaki Shindo, Haruaki Utsukibara, Tadashi Nagase,[23] and Aramaki were panelist.[24] Aramaki also became a panelist in the "New wave/ Speculative fiction" panel.[24]
Spurred by this, Aramaki joined the critique site "Speculative Japan" which was founded by translator Mamoru Masuda JA). He contributed many critiques to this site. In 2008, Aramaki rejoined the SFWJ and began to take a role in Japanese SF criticism. The SFWJ had established the Nihon SF Critique Award in 2006. Aramaki served as a chief of the selection committee from 4th to 7th award.[25] The new critics such as Yoshiyuki Ishiwa, Akira Okawada, Maki Takatsuki [26] etc., have debuted through this award.[27]
In 2014, the literary exhibition "Aramaki Yoshio no Sekai" (荒巻義雄の世界, The World of Aramaki Yoshio) was held in Hokkaido Museum of Literature at Sapporo from February 8 to March 23.[28] The project of this event started from the one design drawing which Aramaki had asked architect Tsuneyo Matsuhashi [29] to draw for showing the structure of the City-type Starship,[30] appeared in the Big Wars series, in 1983. And during these 30 years, Shōichi Nakano [31] had created many CG images of this starship scenes. Thereby the exhibition of the CG arts and its original writer Aramaki was planned and held. Among various events, the Panel "The Origin of the World of Aramaki Yoshio" took place. Aramaki, Takayuki Tatsumi, Mari Kotani, Denis Taillandier[32] and two others were panelist. Aramaki talked his origins of a writer.[14][28]
Note 1: /col/ indicates a book is a collection of short stories and novelettes.
Note 2: If books belong to the certain series, the first book of the series is shown here. There are exceptions.
Shirakabe no Moji wa Yūhi ni Haeru /col/ (白壁の文字は夕陽に映える, The Writings on the White Wall are Shined by the Setting Sun) 1972-04 Hayakawa Publishing (ja:早川書房) [34]
Shiroki Hi Tabidateba Fushi (白き日旅立てば不死, Departing on the White Day, that is, Immortality) [35] 1972-12 Hayakawa Publishing [34]
Kūhaku no Jūjika (空白の十字架, The Vacant Stauros [Cross]) [36] 1975-05 Shodensha (祥伝社) [34]
Toki no Ashibune /col/ (時の葦舟, The Reed Ship of Time) 1975-07 Bunka Shuppankyoku (文化出版局) [34]
Aru Hareta Hi no Wien wa Mori no naka ni Tatazumu /col/ (ある晴れた日のウイーンは森の中にたたずむ, On a Certain, Fine Day, Stands Wien in the Forest) 1980-08 Kodansha (講談社) [39][34]
Uchū Nijūgo-ji /col/ (宇宙25時, The Space 25 O'clock) 1978-12 Tokuma Shoten [41][34]
Shinshū Byakuma-den - Klein no Tasubo no Maki (神州白魔伝 九来印之壺の巻, White Devil Legend in the Divine Province - Volume of Klein Bottle) [42] 1979-01 Kisotengai Sha (ja:奇想天外社) [34]
Megami-tachi no Gogo - Aoi Tabi no Sakuhin-shū /col/ (女神たちの午後―青い旅の作品集, The Afternoon of goddesses - Stories from the Blue Travel) 1980-12 Kadokawa Shoten[34]
Abandandero no Kai-kikai /col/ (アバンダンデロの快機械, Pleasure Machine of Abandondero) 1981-03 Kadokawa shoten [34]
Walpurgis no Yoru /col/ (ヴァルプルギスの夜, The Night of Walpurgis) 1981-07 Kadokawa Shoten /bunko/ [34]
Satsui no Myōō (殺意の明王, Murderous Intent of Vidya-raja [Wisdom King]) [44] 1981-11 Yuraku Shuppan (有楽出版) [34]
Faust Jidai (ファウスト時代, The Faust Age) 1982-11 Kodansha [34]
Mū Tairiku no Shihou(ムー大陸の至宝, The Supreme Treasure in the Mu Continent) [45] 1984-02 Kadokawa Shoten [34]
Yoshitsune Maihō Densetsu Satsujin Jiken (義経埋宝伝説殺人事件, Murder affair of the Yoshitsune's Buried Treasure Legend) [46] 1985-10 Kodansha [34]
Kodai Kagome-zoku no Inbō (古代かごめ族の陰謀, Conspiracy by the Ancient Kagome Family) [47] 1985-10 Tokuma Shoten [34]
Niseko Yōsai 1986 part 1 - Rishiri-Rebun Tokkō-hen (ニセコ要塞1986 [1] - 利尻・礼文特攻篇Niseko Fortress 1986, part 1, Rishiri-Rebun Special Attack) [48] 1986-07 Chuokoron Sha [34]
Maboroshi Bunmei no Tabi - Kūsō Kojiki /col/ (幻文明の旅 - 空想古事記, Travels to the Visionary Civilizations - Kojiki in Fantasy) 1986-09 Tokuma Shoten [49][34]ISBN4-19-578138-8 C0193
Sei-Stefan Jiin no Kane no Ne wa (聖シュテファン寺院の鐘の音は, The Sounding Bells of the Saint Stefan Cathedral) [35] 1988-05 Tokuma Shoten [34]
Nekosenshi Chō D-kyū Keikaku (猫戦士超D球計画, Cat warrior, the Super Dyson Sphere Project) 1989-06 Tairiku Shobo (ja:大陸書房) [34]
Sarutobi Sasuke : Kishu Densetsu no Kan - Tanjō-hen (猿飛佐助 貴種伝説の巻 誕生編) [50] 1998-10 Kadokawa Shoten [34]
Konpeki no Kantai 1, Unmei no Kaisen (紺碧の艦隊 1 運命の開戦, Deep Blue Fleet 1, Fate of Starting a War) [51] 1990-12 Tokuma Shoten [34]
Kyokujitsu no Kantai 1, Chōsenkan Yamato Takeru no Mikoto Shutsugeki (旭日の艦隊 1 超戦艦日本武尊出撃, Fleet of the Rising Sun, Sally of Super Battleship Prince Yamato Takeru) [52] 1992-06 Chuokoron Sha [34]
Shin Konpeki no Kantai zero (0), Itsuwari no Heiwa (新紺碧の艦隊零 偽りの平和, New Deep Blue Fleet 1, Deceptive Peace) [53] 1997-04 Tokuma Shoten [34]
Shin Kyokujitsu no Kantai zero (0), Yumemiru Chōsenkan (新旭日の艦隊零 夢みる超戦艦, New Fleet of the Rising Sun, Dreaming Super Battleship) [54] 1997-06 Chuokoron Sha [34]
Teikoku no Hikari 1, Venture 2025 (帝国の光1 ベンチャー2025年, Light of the Empire 1, Venture 2025) [55] 1997-08 Gentoha [34]
Kyokujitsu no Kaisen, Nichiro-sensō no Chiseigaku (旭日の海戦 日露戦争の地政学) 1998-12 Kadokawa Shoten 1998.12 [34]
Kyokujitsu no Senkan, Sōseki to Mikasa (旭日の戦艦 漱石と三笠, Battleship of Rising Sun, Sōseki and Mikasa) 1999-07 Kadokawa Shoten [34]
Chōgen Kairō - Atlantis Taisen 1 (超弦回廊 アトランティス大戦 1, The Corridor of Super Strings - Atlantis Big War 1) [56] 2003-04 Chuokoron Sha [34]
Romanov Teikoku no Yabou - Nihon Seifuku Sensō (ロマノフ帝国の野望 日本征服戦争, The Ambition of the Romanov Empire - The War for Conquring Japan) 2010-05 Chuokoron Sha [34]
Teihon Aramaki Yoshio Meta-SF Zenshū, Dai-3 kan "Shiroki Hi Tabidateba Fushi" /col/ (定本荒巻義雄メタSF全集 第3巻『白き日旅立てば不死』, Aramaki Yoshio Complete and Standard Collection of Meta-SF Works, volume 3) 2014-11 Sairyūsha ja:彩流社[34][57]
Mohaya Uchū wa Meikyū no Kagami no yōni (もはや宇宙は迷宮の鏡のように, Now the Cosmos is Like the Mirrors of Labyrinth) [35][58] 2017-07 Sairyu Sha (ja:彩流社) [34]
Metafiction novels
Shiraki Series (白樹シリーズ) 1972–2017, 3 volumes
Shiroki Hi Tabidateba Fushi (白き日旅立てば不死, Departing on the White Day, that is, Immortality) 1972-12 Hayakawa Publishing
Sei-Stefan Jiin no Kane no Ne wa (聖シュテファン寺院の鐘の音は, The Sounding Bells of the Saint Stefan Cathedral) 1988-05 Tokuma Shoten
Mohaya Uchū wa Meikyū no Kagami no yōni (もはや宇宙は迷宮の鏡のように, Now the Cosmos is Like the Mirrors of Labyrinth) 2017-07 Sairyu Sha (ja:彩流社) ISBN978-4-7791-2110-4
Early metafiction novelettes
Aramaki published around 15 metafictional novelettes in S-F Magazine in the early 1970s. These take place around fifty years in the future (from the time written). They had fallen into comparative obscurity. In 2013, French culture studies researcher Denis Taillandier[32] published the paper discussing and evaluating Aramaki's early short story "Soft Clocks". The revaluation of Aramaki's metafictional works were started. In the course of the renewed interest, publication of the "Complete Collection of Meta-SF Works was planned.
The following list shows the early metafictional novelettes and short stories appeared in S-F from 1970 to ca. 1973:[20]
Kyokujitsu no Kantai Series 1-16 (旭日の艦隊シリーズ, Fleet of Rising Sun series) 1992-1996 Chuokoron Sha
Shin Konpeki no Kantai Series 0, 1-8 (新・紺碧の艦隊シリーズ, New Deep Blue Fleet series) 1997-2000 Tokuma Shoten (0), Gentosha (1-8)
Shin Kyokujitsu no Kantai Series 0, 1-17 (新・旭日の艦隊シリーズ, New Fleet of Rising Sun series) 1997-2000 Chuo Kouron Sha, Shin Chuokoron Sha
Simulation Novel series
Teikoku no Hikari Series 1-2 (帝国の光シリーズ, Light of the Empire series) 1997 Gentosha
Chōgen Kairō Series 1-6 (超弦回廊シリーズ, The Corridor of Super Strings series) 2003-2008 Shin Chuokoron Sha
Young Adult fiction
Gomannen-go no Natsuyasumi (五万年後の夏休み) 1978-11 Tsuru Shobō (鶴書房) - (Jikan Kanshi-in series 1) [34]
Midori no Uchū Guntō (緑の宇宙群島) 1980-02 Kadokawa Shoten - (Jikan Kanshi-in series 2) /bunko/ [34]
Seiun-Ki I Higeki no Ōji (星運紀 I 悲劇の王子) 1991-04 Keibun Sha (勁文社) [34]
Seiun-Ki II Ōji no Shutsugeki (星運紀 II 王子の出撃) 1991-09 Keibun Sha (勁文社) [34]
Critique
Simulation Shōsetsu no Hakken (シミュレーション小説の発見) 1994-12 Chuokoron Sha (中央公論社) [34]
Essays
Maboroshi Bunmei no Tabi - Kūsō Kojiki (幻文明の旅 - 空想古事記, Travels to the Visionary Civilizations - Kojiki in Fantasy) 1986-09 Tokuma Shoten [49][34]ISBN4-19-578138-8 C0193
Ryūkō Sakka no Dennō Shinan - Korenara dekiru Ichitarō 7 (流行作家の電脳指南 これならできる一太郎7, Guide of Computer by a Popular Writer - How to use Ichitarō 7) [62] 1997-01 Chuokoron Sha [34]
Kyokujitsu no Kaisen, Nichiro-sensō no Chiseigaku (旭日の海戦 日露戦争の地政学) 1998-12 Kadokawa Shoten 1998.12 [34]
Kyokujitsu no Senkan, Sōseki to Mikasa (旭日の戦艦 漱石と三笠, Battleship in the Rising Sun, Sōseki and Mikasa) 1999-07 Kadokawa Shoten [34]
Rōma-jin ga Egaita Sekaichizu (ローマ人が描いた世界地図, The World map drawn by the Romans) 2002-12 Seishun Shuppan (青春出版社) Playbooks [34]
Jinsei wa SF da (人生はSFだ 2013-01 Life is just SF) Iwasaki Insatsu Co. Ltd. /Private publication/ [34]
Aramaki Yoshio Complete and Standard Collection of Meta-SF Works (定本荒巻義雄メタSF全集, Teihon Aramaki Yoshio Meta-SF Zenshū) edited and compiled by Takayuki Tatsumi + Yūji Miura (巽孝之+三浦祐嗣):[34]
Volume 2 : Uchū 25 ji (Uchū Nijū-go Ji) (宇宙25時, The Space 25 O'clock) 2015-02 Sairyū Sha ISBN978-4-7791-2104-3
Volume 3 : Shiroki Hi Tabidateba Fushi (白き日旅立てば不死, Departing on the White Day, that is, Immortality) 2014-11 Sairyū Sha ISBN978-4-7791-2101-2
Volume 4 : Sei-Stefan Jiin no Kane no Ne wa (聖シュテファン寺院の鐘の音は, The Sounding Bells of the Saint Stefan Cathedral) 2014-12 Sairyū Sha ISBN978-4-7791-2102-9
Volume 5 : Toki no Ashibune (時の葦舟, The Reed Ship of Time) 2015-01 Sairyū Sha ISBN978-4-7791-2103-6
Extra Volume : Gaikotsu Hantō, Hanayome, etc. (骸骨半島 花嫁他, Skelton Peninsula, Bride, etc.) 2015-01 Sairyū Sha ISBN978-4-7791-2108-1
(Special Volume) : Mohaya Uchū wa Meikyū no Kagami no yōni (もはや宇宙は迷宮の鏡のように, Now the Cosmos is Like the Mirrors of Labyrinth) 2017-07 Sairyū Sha ISBN978-4-7791-2110-4, This book is not contained in the Complete Collection, but is essentially the part of the collection. After the Complete collection had been released, this book was published.
^ abcdefg"Foreword: Apocrypha Now!" by Takayuki Tatsumi.
^Junko Kasei (加清純子, 1933 - January 23?,1952) was a classmate. She was the model for Amamaki's heroine in his novel "Shiroki Hi Tabidteba Fushi". She also appears in several novels by Junichi Watanabe, who attended the school at the same time. Kasei died young when they were at the last grade of school in 1952. (ja) Panel: Talking of Origin of Aramak SF. etc.
^"Kunst" (術・クンスト). Aramaki made use of Immanuel Kant's "Critical philosophy", especially "Kritik der Urteilskraft". "Kunst" is the term in this book.
^Arammaki has said he had experienced the effects of LSD as a student test subject in this period. This experience was expressed in a novelette. (ja) Panel: Talking of Origin of Aramaki SF
^ abThe book consists of two parts. Part 1 contains the various imaginary stories which are related with the episodes in the Kojiki. Parts 2 contains the essays of travels to historical places (of ancient civilizations) and what he thought and speculated about those civilizations.