Yi Cha-ch'un

Posthumous name
	First: King Hwan (환왕, 桓王; given in 1392 by King Taejo); Last: King Yeonmu Seonghwan the Great (연무성환대왕, 淵武聖桓大王; given in 1411 by King Taejong);
Temple name
	Hwanjo (환조, 桓祖)

Yi Cha-ch'un
이자춘
李子春
Yi Cha-ch'un; 이자춘; 李子春
King of Joseon (posthumously)
Darugachi
Reign	1343–1356
Born	20 January 1315; Aldong, Ssangseong Prefecture, Yuan dynasty; (now Gyeongheung-gun, North Hamgyeong Province)
Died	3 June 1361 (aged 46); Gwiju-dong, Hamheung-bu, Dongbuk-myeon, Goryeo; (now Yeongheung-gun, Hamgyeongnam-do)
Burial	Jeongneung tomb; Hamju County, South Hamgyeong Province, North Korea
Spouse	Lady Yi; Queen Uihye
Issue	5 sons and 1 daughter
Posthumous name
Posthumous name
	First: King Hwan (환왕, 桓王; given in 1392 by King Taejo); Last: King Yeonmu Seonghwan the Great (연무성환대왕, 淵武聖桓大王; given in 1411 by King Taejong);
Temple name
	Hwanjo (환조, 桓祖)
House	Jeonju Yi
Father	Yi Chun
Mother	Lady Bak of the Munju Bak clan

Yi Cha-ch'un (Korean: 이자춘; Hanja: 李子春; 20 January 1315 – 3 June 1361) or known by his Mongolian name Ulus Bukha (Korean: 울루스부카; Hanja: 吾魯思不花), was a minor military officer of the Yuan Empire who later transferred his allegiance to Goryeo and became the father of Yi Sŏng-gye, founder of the Joseon Dynasty.

Biography

Yi Cha-ch'un was a chiliarch of a Yuan Dynasty mingghan in Ssangseong Prefecture (present-day Kŭmya County, South Hamgyŏng Province, North Korea - former Goryeo territory annexed by Mongol Empire). After Ssangseong was reconquered by Goryeo under King Gongmin, he migrated to Hamju and got promoted to manho (the equivalent of the Mongolian myriarch of a tümen, lit. ten thousand or chief of ten thousand). He married a Goryeo-Korean lady from Anbyeon, who became Queen Uihye, the mother of Yi Sŏng-gye. He died in Hamgyong in 1361.

Since he was glamorized by his descendants, descriptions of Yi Cha-ch'un's life tend to be contradictory to each other. For example, he is said to have risen to the rank of scholar-official. However, when he died, the king at the time expressed condolences for Cha-ch'un as if for scholar-officials, implying that Yi Cha-ch'un was not a scholar-official.^{[citation needed]}

Family

Father: Yi Ch'un (1265–1342)
- Grandfather: Yi Haeng-ni (1236–?)
- Grandmother: Queen Jeongsuk of the Deungju Ch'oe clan (1232–?)
Mother: Queen Gyeongsun of the Munju Pak clan (1268–?)
- Grandfather: Pak Kwang (박광; 1240–?)
Wives and their Children:

Queen Uihye of the Yeongheung Ch'oe clan (의혜왕후 영흥 최씨; 1304–?)
1. Princess Jeonghwa (1330–?), First daughter
2. Yi Sŏng-gye, King Taejo of Joseon (1335–1408), Third son
Royal Noble Consort Yi of the Hansan Yi clan (빈 한산 이씨; 1319–1334)
1. Yi Wŏn-gye, Grand Prince Wanpung (1330–1388), first son
2. Yi Ch'ŏn-gye, Grand Prince Yeongseong (1333–1392), second son
Princess Jeongan (정안옹주; 1320–1404)
1. Yi Hwa, Grand Prince Uian (1348–1408), Fifth son
Unknown woman (1325–?)
1. Yi Yŏng (이영; 1341–1394), Fourth son