Xylia xylocarpa

Xylia xylocarpa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae
Clade: Mimosoid clade
Genus: Xylia
Species:
X. xylocarpa
Binomial name
Xylia xylocarpa
Roxb. Taub.
Synonyms
  • Mimosa xylocarpa Roxb.
  • Xylia kerrii
  • Xylia dolabriformis Benth.

Xylia xylocarpa is a species of tree in the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae of the family Fabaceae.

Description and properties

This perennial tree is very conspicuous in the flowering season owing to its bright yellow flowers.

Xylia xylocarpa produces hardwood, and in Vietnam it is classified as an 'ironwood' with its name referring to use in traditional cart-making. The cross-section of a trunk has a distinctive yellowish-white and thick outer layer, with a crimson-dark core of fine grain and high density (1.15 with 15% moisture content). The wood pulp may be used for making wrapping paper.

The seeds of this tree are edible.[2] This tree is considered a medicinal plant in India.[3] In Thailand its leaves are used to treat wounds in elephants.[4]

Distribution and common names

This tree is found in South and Southeast Asia; it is known as Pyinkado (Burmese: ပျဉ်းကတိုး) in Myanmar, Căm xe in Vietnam, Sokram (សុក្រំ[5]) in Cambodia, Konda-tangedu or Erra-chinnangi in Andhra and Telangana,[6] Jamba or Jambe in Karnataka and Maharashtra, and Kangada in Odisha. It has also been planted in certain parts of East Africa.

Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) Taub. var. kerrii (Craib & Hutch.) is known as แดง (daeng lit. 'red') in the Thai language.[7] This species, naturally adapted to conditions in Thailand, is used in reforestation at certain denuded or environmentally degraded areas of the country.[8]

  • Xylia xylocarpa inflorescence on the lower right
    Xylia xylocarpa inflorescence on the lower right
  • Bark
    Bark
  • Bark closeup
    Bark closeup
  • Flowers
    Flowers

References

  1. ^ Barstow, M. (2019). "Xylia xylocarpa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T62028410A62028412. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
  2. ^ Siddhuraju, P.; Vijayakumari, K.; Janardhanan, K. (1995). "Nutrient and chemical evaluation of raw seeds of Xylia xylocarpa: An underutilized food source". Food Chemistry. 53 (3): 299–304. doi:10.1016/0308-8146(95)93936-L.
  3. ^ Encyclopedia of Indian medicinal plants
  4. ^ "Thai Scouts celebrate 100th anniversary by planting trees". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
  5. ^ វចនានុក្រមខ្មែរ ២០២២
  6. ^ "Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.)Taub. | Species".
  7. ^ See th:แดง (พรรณไม้)
  8. ^ Anchalee Sri-ngernyuang, Growth of Seedlings at the Northern 60th Anniversary of Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden, Muang District, Chiang Mai Archived December 11, 2006, at the Wayback Machine(in Thai)