Vitta virginea

Vitta virginea Temporal range: Miocene - Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N [1]
Shells of Vitta virginea
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Neritimorpha
Order:	Cycloneritida
Family:	Neritidae
Genus:	Vitta
Species:	V. virginea
Binomial name
Vitta virginea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Synonyms[2]
Nerita bahiensis Récluz, 1850 Nerita cardinalis Röding, 1798 Nerita chlorina Link, 1807 Nerita fasciola Récluz, 1850 Nerita listeri L. Pfeiffer, 1840 Nerita marmorata Link, 1807 Nerita nigrocincta Röding, 1798 Nerita phrygia Dillwyn, 1823 Nerita tigris Récluz, 1850 Nerita virginea Linnaeus, 1758 (original combination) Neritina (Vitta) virginea (Linnaeus, 1758) (superseded combination) Neritina braziliana G. B. Sowerby II, 1849 Neritina cajennensis Rigacci, 1866 Neritina matoni Mörch, 1852 Neritina minor Metcalf, 1904 Neritina trabalis Mörch, 1852 Neritina virginea (Linnaeus, 1758) (unaccepted combination) Theodoxus virginea (Linnaeus, 1758)

Vitta virginea, the virgin nerite, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Neritidae.[3]

Distribution

This species is widespread from the Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba, West Indies, Greater and Lesser Antilles, Dominica, Puerto Rico, Central America (Panama, Guatemala, Costa Rica), Brazil, Venezuela, Suriname, Colombia, Mexico, Texas and Florida.[2][4][5]

Habitat

Vitta virginea can withstand large changes in salinity and therefore may live in freshwaters, in marine and in brackish waters. These sea snails occur in rivers and streams, in estuaries and in the sea, on sand, silt and stones, brackish ponds and mangroves.[2][6]

A shell of Vitta virginea from Barbados, on display at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano

Description

Shells of Vitta virginea can reach an average size of 6–25 millimetres (0.24–0.98 in).[4] These colorful grass-flat snails show extremely variable pattern and color. They are semiglobular, with 3 or 4 whorls. The aperture is oval, with thin lips. Operculum is usually black. The polished shell surface may be black, grey or white, yellowish, olive, red and purple, with various stripes or waves, spots and lines.[7][8]

Biology

They are herbivorous (algae) and diadromous. They are involved in massive upstream migrations.[2][9]

Shells of Vitta virginea

References

1. Paleobiology Database
2. IUCN Red List
3. Neritina virginea (Linnaeus, 1758). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 May 2010.
4. "Neritina (Vittina) virginea". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
5. (in German) Starmühlner F. von (1988). "Ergebnisse der Österreichisch-Französischen Hydrobiologischen Mission 1979 nach Guadeloupe, Dominica und Martinique (Kleine Antillen). Teil II: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Süß- und Brackwassermollusken von Guadeloupe, Dominica und Martinique". Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien Serie B, 90: 221–340. PDF.
6. Ferney Ortiz, L; Blanco, JF (2012). "[Distribution of the mangrove gastropods Neritina virginea (Neritidae) and Littoraria angulifera (Littorinidae) within the Colombian Caribbean Darién Ecoregion]". Rev Biol Trop. 60 (1): 219–32. doi:10.15517/rbt.v60i1.2755. PMID 22458220.
7. Susan B. Rothschild Beachcomber's Guide to Gulf Coast Marine Life: Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi
8. R. Tucker Abbott, Percy A. Morris A Field Guide to Shells: Atlantic and Gulf Coasts and the West Indies
9. JUAN F. BLANCO AND FREDERICK N. SCATENA Floods, Habitat Hydraulics and Upstream Migration of Neritina virginea (Gastropoda: Neritidae) in Northeastern Puerto Rico

Bibliography

• Blanco-Libreros JF, Arroyave-Rincón A. - Predator damage and shell size on the diadromous snail Neritina virginea (Gastropoda: Neritidae) in the Mameyes River, Puerto Rico
• Cordeiro, J. & Perez, K. 2012. Neritina virginea. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T189436A1925495.
• Pointier J.P. (ed.). (2015). Freshwater molluscs of Venezuela and their medical and veterinary importance. Harxheim: ConchBooks. 228 pp
• Turgeon, D. D., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, W. K. Emerson, W. G. Lyons, W. Pratt, et al. (1988) Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: mollusks, American Fisheries Society Special Publication 16
• Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, et al. (1998) Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed., American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26
• Eichhorst T.E. (2016). Neritidae of the world. Volume 2. Harxheim: Conchbooks. Pp. 696-1366

External links

• Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition, vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae]
• Link, D.H.F. (1807-1808). Beschreibung der Naturalien-Sammlung der Universität zu Rostock. Adlers Erben.
• Röding, P.F. (1798). Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturæ quæ olim collegerat Joa. Fried Bolten, M. D. p. d. per XL. annos proto physicus Hamburgensis. Pars secunda continens Conchylia sive Testacea univalvia, bivalvia & multivalvia. Trapp, Hamburg. viii, 199 pp.
• Mörch, O. A. L. (1852-1853). Catalogus conchyliorum quae reliquit D. Alphonso d'Aguirra & Gadea Comes de Yoldi, Regis Daniae Cubiculariorum Princeps, Ordinis Dannebrogici in Prima Classe & Ordinis Caroli Tertii Eques. Fasc. 1, Cephalophora, 170 pp.
• conchyliologica 57.pdf Hovestadt A. & Neckheim C. M. (2020). A critical checklist of the non-marine molluscs of St. Martin, with notes on the terrestrial malacofauna of Anguilla and Saint-Barthélemy, and the description of a new subspecies. Folia Conchyliologica. 57: 1-38.