Viscount Palmerston

This article is about the title in the Peerage of Ireland. For the British prime minister, see Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston.

Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston.

Viscount Palmerston was a title in the Peerage of Ireland. The title is derived from Palmerstown in Ireland, which was also known as Palmerston. The name is the origin of several place names in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and other former British possessions.. It was created on 12 March 1723 for Henry Temple, who subsequently represented East Grinstead, Bossiney and Weobley in the British House of Commons. He was made Baron Temple, of Mount Temple in the County of Sligo, at the same time, also in the Peerage of Ireland. He was succeeded by his grandson, the 2nd Viscount,[1] who represented seven constituencies in the House of Commons and served as a Lord of the Admiralty and Lord of the Treasury. On his death the titles passed to his son, the 3rd Viscount, who became a distinguished politician and served three times as Foreign Secretary and twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. At his death in 1865 the 3rd Viscount was granted a state funeral, the fourth non-royal to be given this honour. Lord Palmerston was childless and the barony and viscountcy became extinct on his death.

The Temple family descended from Peter Temple, of Dorset and Marston Boteler. His eldest son John Temple acquired the Stowe estate in Buckinghamshire and founded the English branch of the family from whom the Viscounts Cobham, the Dukes of Buckingham and Chandos and the Earls Temple of Stowe are descended. Peter Temple's younger son Anthony Temple was the founder of the Irish branch of the family from whom the Viscounts Palmerston descended. His son Sir William Temple (1555–1627) was secretary to Sir Philip Sidney and the Earl of Essex and afterwards provost of Trinity College Dublin.[1] Sir William's son, Sir John Temple (1600–1677), was Master of the Rolls in Ireland.[1] The latter was the father of Sir William Temple, a diplomat, and Sir John Temple (1632–1704), Speaker of the Irish House of Commons and father of the first Viscount Palmerston.[1]

The third Viscount Palmerston married the Honourable Emily Lamb, sister of Prime Minister Lord Melbourne and widow of Peter Clavering-Cowper, 5th Earl Cowper. Emily's second son from her first marriage, the Honourable William Cowper, inherited parts of his stepfather's estates, including Broadlands near Romsey in Hampshire, and assumed the additional surname of Temple. In 1880 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Mount Temple, a revival of the junior title held by the Viscounts Palmerston. He was childless and the peerage became extinct on his death in 1888. However, it was revived once again in 1932 in favour of his great-nephew, Wilfrid Ashley. He had no sons however and the title became extinct again upon his death in 1938. His daughter, the Honourable Edwina, wife of Lord Louis Mountbatten, inherited Broadlands.

Viscounts Palmerston (1723)

• Henry Temple, 1st Viscount Palmerston (c. 1673–1757)
• Henry Temple, 2nd Viscount Palmerston (1739–1802)
• Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (1784–1865)

Family tree

v t e Family tree of the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, Marquess of Buckingham, Marquess of Chandos, Viscount Cobham, Earl Temple, Earl Temple of Stowe, Baron Cobham, Baron Grenville, Baron Lyttelton, Baron Westcote and Temple baronets

Peter Temple Anthony Temple John Temple Baronet, of Stowe, in the County of Buckingham, 1611 William Temple 1555–1627 Thomas Temple 1567–1637 1st Baronet, of Stowe Alexander Temple 1583–1629 Baronet, of Frankley, in the County of Worcester, 1618 John Temple 1600–1677 Peter Temple 1592–1653 2nd Baronet, of Stowe John Temple 1593–1632 James Temple 1606–1680 Thomas Lyttelton 1593–1650 1st Baronet, of Frankley Baronet, of Stowe, in the County of Buckingham, 1662 Thomas Temple 1613/14–1674 1st Baronet, of Stowe Peter Temple 1613–1660 Henry Lyttelton 1624–1693 2nd Baronet, of Frankley Charles Lyttelton 1628–1716 3rd Baronet, of Frankley Baronetcy of Stowe (1662 creation) extinct, 1674 John Temple 1632–1705 Richard Temple 1634–1697 3rd Baronet, of Stowe Eleanor Temple d. 1729 m. Richard Grenville William Temple d. 1706 Viscount Palmerston and Baron Temple, of Mount Temple in the County of Sligo, 1723 Baron Cobham, of Cobham in the County of Kent (6th creation), 1714 Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham, of Cobham in the County of Kent (7th creation), 1718 Earl Temple, 1749 Henry Temple c. 1673–1757 1st Viscount Palmerston and Baron Temple Richard Temple 1675–1749 1st Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham, 4th Baronet, of Stowe Hester Grenville c. 1690–1752 1st Countess Temple, 2nd Viscountess Cobham and 2nd Baroness Cobham Richard Grenville 1678–1727 Christian Temple Thomas Lyttelton 1686–1751 4th Baronet, of Frankley William Temple 1694–1760 5th Baronet, of Stowe Peter Temple d. 1761 6th Baronet, of Stowe Barony of Cobham (1714 creation) extinct, 1749 Henry, Lord Temple Richard Temple 1731–1786 7th Baronet, of Stowe Baron Lyttelton (1st creation), 1756 Baron Westcote, 1776 Baron Lyttelton (2nd creation), 1794 Baronetcy of Stowe dormant, 1786 Henry Temple 1739–1802 2nd Viscount Palmerston and Baron Temple Richard Grenville-Temple 1711–1779 2nd Earl Temple, 3rd Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham George Grenville 1712–1770 Hester Grenville 1720–1803 Baroness Chatham m. William Pitt the Elder, Earl of Chatham and Viscount Pitt George Lyttelton 1709–1773 1st Baron Lyttelton, 5th Baronet, of Frankley William Henry Lyttelton 1724–1808 1st Baron Lyttelton Marquess of Buckingham, 1784 Baron Grenville, of Wotton under Bernewood in the County of Buckingham, 1790 George Nugent-Temple-Grenville 1753–1813 1st Marquess of Buckingham, 3rd Earl Temple, 2nd Earl Nugent, 4th Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham William Wyndham Grenville 1759–1834 1st Baron Grenville William Pitt the Younger 1759–1806 Thomas Lyttelton 1744–1779 2nd Baron Lyttelton, 5th Baronet, of Frankley Barony of Grenville extinct, 1834 Barony of Lyttelton and Baronetcy of Frankley extinct, 1779 Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, Marquess of Chandos and Earl Temple of Stowe, 1822 Henry John Temple 1784–1865 3rd Viscount Palmerston and Baron Temple Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville 1776–1839 1st Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, Marquess of Chandos, and Earl Temple of Stowe, 2nd Marquess of Buckingham, 3rd Earl Nugent, 4th Earl Temple, 5th Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham George Fulke Lyttelton 1763–1828 2nd Baron Lyttelton William Henry Lyttelton 1782–1837 3rd Baron Lyttelton Richard Plantagenet Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville 1797–1861 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, Marquess of Chandos, and Earl Temple of Stowe, 3rd Marquess of Buckingham, 4th Earl Nugent, 6th Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville 1823–1889 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, Marquess of Chandos, and Earl Temple of Stowe, 4th Marquess of Buckingham, 5th Earl Nugent, 6th Earl Temple, 7th Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham Anna Eliza Mary (Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville) Gore-Langton 1820–1879 William Henry Powell Gore-Langton 1824–1873 George William Lyttelton 1817–1876 4th Baron Lyttelton Dukedom of Buckingham and Chandos, Marquessates of Buckingham and Chandos, and the Earldoms of Temple (1st creation) and of Nugent extinct, 1889 William Stephen Temple-Gore-Langton 1847–1902 4th Earl Temple of Stowe Charles George Lyttelton 1842–1922 8th Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham Algernon William Stephen Temple-Gore-Langton 1871–1902 5th Earl Temple of Stowe Chandos Graham Temple-Gore-Langton 1873–1921 Evelyn Arthur Grenville Temple-Gore-Langton 1884–1972 John Cavendish Lyttelton 1881–1949 9th Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham Chandos Grenville Temple-Gore-Langton 1909–1966 6th Earl Temple of Stowe Ronald Stephen Brydges Temple-Gore-Langton 1910–1988 7th Earl Temple of Stowe Walter Grenville Algernon Temple-Gore-Langton 1924–2013 8th Earl Temple of Stowe Charles John Lyttelton 1909–1977 10th Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham James Grenville Temple-Gore-Langton b. 1955 9th Earl Temple of Stowe John William Leonard Lyttelton 1943–2006 11th Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham Christopher Charles Lyttelton b. 1947 12th Viscount Cobham and Baron Cobham Rowan Caradoc Temple-Gore-Langton b. 1987 Oliver Christopher Lyttelton b. 1976 Heir apparent to the Earl Temple of Stowe Heir apparent to the Viscount Cobham

Arms

Coat of arms of Viscount Palmerston

Crest A talbot sejant Sable plain collared Or.[2] Escutcheon Quarterly 1st & 4th Or an eagle displayed Sable (Leofric, Saxon Earl of Mercia), 2nd & 3rd Argent two bars Sable each charged with three martlets Or (Temple). Supporters Dexter a lion reguardant poean sinister a horse reguardant Argent mane tail and hoofs Or. Motto Flecti Non Frangi (To Be Bent Not Broken)

See also

• Viscount Cobham
• Duke of Buckingham and Chandos
• Earl Temple of Stowe

References

1. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Palmerston, Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 645–649.
2. Debrett's Peerage. 1865. p. 268.

• Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages ^[self-published source] ^[better source needed]