An unconference is a participant-driven meeting. The term "unconference" has been applied to a wide range of gatherings that try to avoid hierarchical aspects of a conventional conference, such as sponsored presentations and top-down organization.[1][2]
History
Unconference signup at Wikiconference USA with a participant
According to Tim O'Reilly, a predecessor of an unconference was a gathering organized by Alexander von Humboldt in 1828, which had a reduced emphasis on formal speeches and instead emphasized informal connections.[3]
The term "unconference" first appeared in an announcement for the annual XML developers conference in 1998.[4]
Unconferences often use variations on Open Space Technology, the format/method developed by Harrison Owen in 1985. Owen's 1993 book Open Space Technology: a User's Guide discussed many of the techniques now associated with unconferences, although his book does not use that term.
Sarah Winge, the organizer (with Tim O'Reilly) of Foo Camp, an early unconference, drew on her experience of open space and conversations with Harrison Owen to develop the format.[6] The first Foo Camp happened October 10–12, 2003, in Sebastopol, California. In 2005 some of the attendees from previous years decided to produce their own "Bar" Camp. These three events, BloggerCon, Foo Camp and BarCamp helped to popularize the term "unconference".[7]
Format
Typically at an unconference, the agenda is created by the attendees at the beginning of the meeting. Anyone who wants to initiate a discussion on a topic can claim a time and a space. Some unconference sessions (for example at FooCamp or BarCamp) are led by the participant who suggested its topic; other unconference sessions are basically open discussions of the session topic.
An "unconference" is particularly useful when participants generally have a high level of expertise or knowledge in the field the conference convenes to discuss.
Facilitation styles
An unconference can be conducted using a number of facilitation styles. Some of these are:
^Atkinson, Cliff. The Backchannel: How Audiences are Using Twitter and Social Media and Changing Presentations Forever. New Riders. p. 85. ISBN9780321659620. The term unconference refers to any loosely structured gathering that is distinguished from a formally organized conference (such as BloggerCon, an early unconference for bloggers).
^Craig, Kathleen (June 6, 2006). "Why "unconferences" are fun conferences". Business 2.0 Magazine. Archived from the original on May 21, 2008. But that changed in February when O'Grady arrived at Mashup Camp, an exclusive two-day gathering of Silicon Valley geeks billed as an "unconference." Attendance was free but limited to the first 300 people to sign up on the Mashup Camp wiki... Though the event had sponsors like Sun Microsystems, its agenda was created on the fly by attendees. As chaotic as that sounds, it sparked a ton of ideas.
^O'Reilly, Tim (March 8, 2018). "The True Inventor of the Unconference". LinkedIn. Retrieved July 18, 2018. In September 1828 he invited hundreds of scientists from across Germany and Europe to attend a conference in Berlin. Unlike previous such meetings, at which scientists had endlessly presented papers about their own work, Humboldt put together a very different programme...Humboldt encouraged scientists to gather in small groups and across disciplines. He connected the visiting scientists on a more personal level, ensuring that they forged friendships that would foster close networks. He envisaged an interdisciplinary brotherhood of scientists who would exchange and share knowledge.
^Zimmer, Benjamin; Carson, Charles E; Horn, Lawrence R (2011). "Among the New Words"(PDF). American Speech. 86 (3): 355–376. doi:10.1215/00031283-1503937. Retrieved June 13, 2019. [quoting Dave Winer, 2004] Len Pryor, in his BloggerCon writeup, called it the "un-conference." Excellent. I agree. At BloggerCon, there is no audience, there are no speakers. There is a discussion leader, a person responsible for the flow of the discussion.
^Chris Messina (December 2007). "What is BarCamp?". groups.google.com. Retrieved 2023-02-23.
^Cohen, Daniel J; Scheinfeldt, Joseph T (2013). Hacking the Academy: New Approaches to Scholarship and Teaching from Digital Humanities. University of Michigan Press. p. 132. ISBN978-0472071982. Despite the fact that the unconference idea got its start -- and is still going very strong -- in the tech sphere, at events like BarCamp, FooCamp, and BloggerCon, they are becoming increasingly popular in the scholarly landscape.
