The 2022 Atlantic hurricane season saw an average number of named storms and hurricanes, and below average number major hurricanes (category 3 or higher on the 5-level Saffir–Simpson wind speed scale). There were fourteen named storms during the season; eight of them strengthened into a hurricane, and two of those reached major hurricane intensity.[1][2] The season officially began on June 1, and ended on November 30. These dates, adopted by convention, historically describe the period in each year when most subtropical or tropical cyclogenesis occurs in the Atlantic Ocean.[3] No subtropical or tropical development occurred in the Atlantic prior to the start of the season, making this the first since 2014 not to have a pre-season named storm.[4] The season's first storm, Tropical Storm Alex, formed on June 5, and the last, Hurricane Nicole, dissipated on November 11.
Tropical cyclone formation ceased for several weeks beginning in early July, and for the first time since 1941 there were no named storm in the Atlantic basin between July 3 and August 30.[5] This season, two systems, Bonnie and Julia, survived the crossover between the Atlantic and Pacific basins.[6] The season's largest and most powerful hurricanes were Fiona and Ian. Fiona brought heavy flooding, significant damage, and loss of life along its path from the Lesser Antilles to Eastern Canada. The storm was responsible for 29 deaths and caused over US$3 billion in damage. Ian made landfall in Western Cuba and in Florida, where it hit at Category 4 strength, causing massive storm surge and flooding, along with widespread destruction. It was responsible for over 150 deaths, and over US$112 billion in damage. The World Meteorological Organization later retired both names from future use in the North Atlantic basin.[7][8]
This timeline documents tropical cyclone formations, strengthening, weakening, landfalls, extratropical transitions, and dissipations during the season. It includes information that was not released throughout the season, meaning that data from post-storm reviews by the National Hurricane Center, such as a storm that was not initially warned upon, has been included.
By convention, meteorologists use one time zone when issuing forecasts and making observations: Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), and also use the 24-hour clock (where 00:00 = midnight UTC).[9] The National Hurricane Center uses both UTC and the time zone where the center of the tropical cyclone is currently located. The time zones utilized (east to west) are: Greenwich, Cape Verde, Atlantic, Eastern, and Central.[10] In this timeline, all information is listed by UTC first, with the respective regional time zone included in parentheses. Additionally, figures for maximum sustained winds and position estimates are rounded to the nearest 5 units (knots, miles, or kilometers), following National Hurricane Center practice. Direct wind observations are rounded to the nearest whole number. Atmospheric pressures are listed to the nearest millibar and nearest hundredth of an inch of mercury.
Timeline
June
June 1
The 2022 Atlantic hurricane season officially begins.[3]
23:30 UTC (7:30 p.m. EDT) at 32°24′N80°30′W / 32.4°N 80.5°W / 32.4; -80.5 – The tropical depression strengthens into Tropical Storm Colin as it makes landfall near Hunting Island, South Carolina, while simultaneously reaching peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 40 mph (65 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 1011 mbar (29.85 inHg).[15]
18:00 UTC (6:00 p.m. AST) at 38°24′N45°12′W / 38.4°N 45.2°W / 38.4; -45.2 – Tropical Storm Danielle attains maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) about 760 mi (1,220 km) west of Flores Island.[18]
12:00 UTC (12:00 p.m. GMT) at 47°18′N31°24′W / 47.3°N 31.4°W / 47.3; -31.4 – Tropical Storm Danielle transitions into an extratropical cyclone about 540 mi (870 km) north of Flores Island, and subsequently dissipates.[18]
00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, September 9) at 37°06′N56°48′W / 37.1°N 56.8°W / 37.1; -56.8 – Hurricane Earl attains peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 110 mph (175 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 948 mbar (27.99 inHg) several hundred miles southeast of Nova Scotia.[19]
18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. AST) at 43°18′N52°48′W / 43.3°N 52.8°W / 43.3; -52.8 – Hurricane Earl transitions into a hurricane-force post-tropical cyclone about 235 mi (380 km) south of the Avalon Peninsula, and was subsequently absorbed by a mid-latitude low.[19]
06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. EDT) at 23°30′N71°48′W / 23.5°N 71.8°W / 23.5; -71.8 – Hurricane Fiona intensifies into a Category 4 hurricane and simultaneously attains maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km/h) about 150 mi (240 km) north-northwest of Grand Turk.[20]
September 22
18:00 UTC (6:00 p.m. GMT) at 41°00′N33°06′W / 41.0°N 33.1°W / 41.0; -33.1 – Tropical Storm Gaston attains peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (100 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 994 mbar (29.35 inHg) about 665 mi (1,075 km) west-southwest of Flores Island in the Azores.[23]
00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, September 22) at 30°54′N69°00′W / 30.9°N 69.0°W / 30.9; -69.0 – Hurricane Fiona attains a minimum barometric pressure of 931 mbar (27.49 inHg) about 275 mi (445 km) west-southwest of Bermuda.[20]
18:00 UTC (5:00 p.m. CVT) at 18°06′N20°18′W / 18.1°N 20.3°W / 18.1; -20.3 – Tropical Depression Ten strengthens into Tropical Storm Hermine and attains peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 40 mph (65 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 1003 mbar (29.62 inHg) northeast of the Cabo Verde Islands.[25]
September 24
00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, September 23) at 42°18′N60°42′W / 42.3°N 60.7°W / 42.3; -60.7 – Hurricane Fiona transitions into an extratropical cyclone with 115 mph (185 km/h) winds about 220 mi (350 km) southeast of Halifax, and dissipates three days later.[nb 5][20]
12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. EDT) at 26°00′N82°42′W / 26.0°N 82.7°W / 26.0; -82.7 – Hurricane Ian intensifies into a Category 5 hurricane and simultaneously attains peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 160 mph (260 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 937 mbar (27.67 inHg) about 55 mi (90 km) west of Naples, Florida.[24][28]
12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) at 18°18′N36°54′W / 18.3°N 36.9°W / 18.3; -36.9 – Tropical Depression Eleven degenerates into a post-tropical remnant low about 805 mi (1,295 km) west of the Cabo Verde Islands.[27]
00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. EDT, September 30) at 34°24′N79°18′W / 34.4°N 79.3°W / 34.4; -79.3 – Hurricane Ian weakens to a tropical storm inland and transitions to an extratropical cyclone about 70 mi (110 km) north of Georgetown, and later dissipates.[24]
00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, October 6) at 18°42′N35°00′W / 18.7°N 35.0°W / 18.7; -35.0 – Tropical Depression Twelve opens into a surface trough about 750 mi (1,205 km) west-northwest of the Cabo Verde Islands.[31]
00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. EDT, October 8) at 12°30′N82°00′W / 12.5°N 82.0°W / 12.5; -82.0 – Tropical Storm Julia strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane about 80 mi (130 km) east of the coast of Nicaragua,[33] 20 mi (30 km) west-southeast of San Andres Island, Colombia.[34]
06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. EDT) at 12°24′N83°18′W / 12.4°N 83.3°W / 12.4; -83.3 – Hurricane Julia attains peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 982 mbar (29.00 inHg), about 45 mi (75 km) northeast of Bluefields, Nicaragua.[33]
18:00 UTC (1:00 p.m. CDT) at 12°18′N86°12′W / 12.3°N 86.2°W / 12.3; -86.2 – Hurricane Julia weakens to a tropical storm inland about 15 mi (25 km) north-northeast of Managua, Nicaragua, and exits the Atlantic basin a few hours later.[33]
12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) at 35°06′N50°54′W / 35.1°N 50.9°W / 35.1; -50.9 – Tropical Storm Martin strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane about 790 mi (1,270 km) south-southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland.[38]
21:30 UTC (4:30 p.m. CDT) at 17°24′N88°18′W / 17.4°N 88.3°W / 17.4; -88.3 – Hurricane Lisa attains peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 90 mph (150 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 985 mbar (29.09 inHg) as it makes landfall near the mouth of the Sibun River, about 10 mi (20 km) southwest of Belize City.[37]
06:00 UTC (6:00 a.m. GMT) at 40°18′N43°36′W / 40.3°N 43.6°W / 40.3; -43.6 – Hurricane Martin attains peak intensity as a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 965 mbar (28.50 inHg).[38]
12:00 UTC (12:00 p.m. GMT) at 43°42′N38°48′W / 43.7°N 38.8°W / 43.7; -38.8 – Hurricane Martin transitions into a post-tropical cyclone about 730 mi (1,175 km) east of Cape Race, and subsequently became absorbed by a developing extratropical cyclone.[38]
23:00 UTC (6:00 p.m. EST) at 26°36′N78°12′W / 26.6°N 78.2°W / 26.6; -78.2 – Tropical Storm Nicole strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane and simultaneously attains peak intensity with sustained winds of 75 mph (120 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 980 mbar (28.94 inHg) as it makes landfall on Grand Bahama Island, Bahamas, about 40 mi (65 km) east-northeast of Freeport.[39]
^Due to the threat the developing system posed to Cuba and Florida, the National Hurricane Center initiated advisories on it, designating it Potential Tropical Cyclone One at 21:00 UTC (4:00 p.m. CDT) on June 2.[11]
^Due to the threat the developing system posed to the southern Windward Islands, the National Hurricane Center initiated advisories on it, designating it Potential Tropical Cyclone Two at 21:00 UTC (5:00 p.m. AST) on June 27.[13]
^This was Bonnie's peak sustained wind speed while in the Atlantic basin.[14]
^At 21:00 UTC on August 19, the National Hurricane Center initiated advisories on a disturbance over the Bay of Campeche due to the threat it posed to the Gulf coast of northeastern Mexico, designating it Potential Tropical Cyclone Four. The last advisory on the system was issued at 03:00 UTC on August 21, after the disturbance moved inland and it became evident that it would not become a tropical cyclone or bring sustained tropical-storm-force winds to the Mexico or Texas coasts.[17]
^Extratropical Cyclone Fiona made landfall near Whitehead, Nova Scotia at 07:00 UTC (3:00 a.m. AST) on September 24, with winds of 100 mph (155 km/h). Later, while weakening, post-tropical Fiona made landfall near L'Anse-du-Portage. Saint-Augustin Municipality, Côte-Nord, Quebec, at 08:00 UTC (4:00 a.m. AST) on September 25, with winds of 50 mph (85 km/h).[20]
^Due to the threat the developing system posed to the portions of the northern coast of South America, the National Hurricane Center initiated advisories on it, designating it Potential Tropical Cyclone Thirteen at 15:00 UTC (11:00 a.m. AST) on October 6.[32]
^Due to the threat the developing system posed to land areas in the central Caribbean, the National Hurricane Center initiated advisories on it, designating it Potential Tropical Cyclone Fifteen at 21:00 UTC (5:00 p.m. EDT) on October 30.[36]
References
^Masters, Jeff (November 10, 2022). "Hurricane Nicole hits Florida". New Haven, Connecticut: Yale Climate Connections. Archived from the original on November 19, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
^ abcLatto, Andrew; Cangialosi, John (November 18, 2022). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Colin(PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived(PDF) from the original on December 28, 2022. Retrieved November 18, 2022.
^ abcdefghijklmnPasch, Richard; Reinhart, Brad; Alaka, Laura (March 23, 2023). Tropical Cyclone Report Hurricane Fiona(PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 29, 2023. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrsBucci, Lisa; Alaka, Laura; Hagan, Andrew; Delgado, Sandy; Beven, Jack (April 3, 2023). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Ian(PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived(PDF) from the original on April 3, 2023. Retrieved April 3, 2023.
^Pasch, Richard (September 26, 2022). Hurricane Ian Advisory Number 15A (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved April 4, 2023.
^Bucci, Lisa; Zelinsky, David (September 28, 2022). Hurricane Ian Intermediate Advisory Number 25A (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on December 8, 2022. Retrieved April 4, 2023.
^Berg, Robbie; Brown, Daniel (September 29, 2022). Hurricane Ian Intermediate Advisory Number 26A (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on March 23, 2023. Retrieved April 4, 2023.
^ abcdefBlake, Eric (March 14, 2023). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Lisa(PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
^ abcdLandsea, Christopher (March 9, 2023). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Martin(PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived(PDF) from the original on April 8, 2023. Retrieved March 9, 2023.
