Tai'an

For other uses, see Taian (disambiguation).

Tai'an
泰安市
Prefecture-level city
Mount Tai seen across Tai'an
Mount Tai seen across Tai'an
Map
Location of Tai'an City jurisdiction in Shandong
Location of Tai'an City jurisdiction in Shandong
Tai'an is located in Northern China
Tai'an
Tai'an
Location on the North China Plain
Tai'an is located in China
Tai'an
Tai'an
Tai'an (China)
Coordinates (Tai'an municipal government): 36°12′07″N 117°05′13″E / 36.202°N 117.087°E / 36.202; 117.087
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceShandong
County-level divisions6
Municipal seatTaishan District
Government
 • CPC SecretaryCui Honggang[1]
 • MayorLi Xixin
Area
[2]
7,762 km2 (2,997 sq mi)
 • Urban
2,086.8 km2 (805.7 sq mi)
 • Metro
2,086.8 km2 (805.7 sq mi)
Elevation
167 m (548 ft)
Highest elevation
(Mount Tai)
1,645 m (5,397 ft)
Population
 (2019 census)[2]
5,635,000
 • Density730/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
 • Urban
1,735,425
 • Urban density830/km2 (2,200/sq mi)
 • Metro
1,735,425
 • Metro density830/km2 (2,200/sq mi)
GDP[3]
 • Prefecture-level cityCN¥ 365 billion
US$ 55.2 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 64,714
US$ 9,779
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Area code538
ISO 3166 codeCN-SD-09
License Plate Prefix鲁J
Websitewww.taian.gov.cn

Tai'an (Chinese: 泰安; pinyin: Tài'ān) is a prefecture-level city in Western Shandong Province of the People's Republic of China. Centered on Mount Tai, the city borders the provincial capital of Jinan to the north, Zibo to the east, Linyi to the southeast, Liaocheng to the extreme west and Jining to the south. To the west, Tai'an is separated from the province of Henan by the Yellow River.

Its population was 5,494,207 as of the 2010 census, of whom 1,735,425 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of two urban districts (Taishan District and Daiyue District).

Administration

The prefecture-level city of Tai'an administers six county-level divisions, including two districts, two county-level cities and two counties.

Map

History

Etymology

Tai'an is named after Mount Tai. In Chinese, Tai (泰) means "significant". Thus, the name Tai'an is derived from the ancient saying: "If Mount Tai is safe, then the four seas (the world) are safe (安; ān)."

Early history

Tai'an was home to the Dawenkou culture during the neolithic era. During the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the region belonged to the states of Qi and Lu. The site of major historical and cultural significance in the area is Mount Tai. It attracted multiple emperors throughout the dynasties to visit, offer sacrifice to the heaven gods and pray for harvest. Confucius, Sima Qian, Cao Zhi, Li Bai, Du Fu and other litterateurs visited here and many great works were produced.

Modern history

In 1909, German colonials built Tai'an-Fu Railway Station along with the construction of Tianjin–Pukou railway (Tientsin–Pukow railway). On 10 November of the following year, the first train service passed through the station.[4]

On 1 May 1928, Chiang Kai-shek, the leader of KMT and nationalist revolutionary army, commanded the attack of Tai'an and occupied it the next day.[5]

In October 1937, exiled students from Peking, Tianjin and other major cities arrived in Tai'an seeking asylum after the north of Yellow river was occupied by the Japanese forces. On 24 December 1937, Japanese troops crossed the Yellow River, occupied Jinan on the next day, and bombed Tai'an. On the night of 31 December, the Japanese occupied Tai'an.[6] Local resistants were assembled autonomously to fight against the occupation.[7]

Culture

Long ago, successive emperors would come to Tai'an to hold a Zen ceremony, and now the feudal society is over, but every year Tai'an will hold a large-scale live performance: "Chinese Taishan·Fengshan Grand Ceremony".[8] Tai'an is a tourist city, and the Tai'an government has also been trying to promote the development of tourism in Tai'an.[9]

Geography and climate

Tai'an is centered on the south side of Mount Tai. Dongping Lake is the biggest lake.

Tai'an lies in the northern temperate zone and has a continental, semi-humid monsoon climate. The average annual temperatures are −2.1 °C (28.2 °F) (January), 12.8 °C (55.0 °F) (annual average), and 26.0 °C (78.8 °F) (July). The average annual precipitation is 681 mm (26.8 in).

Climate data for Tai'an (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 15.8
(60.4) 		21.8
(71.2) 		26.1
(79.0) 		33.8
(92.8) 		38.6
(101.5) 		40.7
(105.3) 		39.6
(103.3) 		40.0
(104.0) 		34.6
(94.3) 		31.6
(88.9) 		27.1
(80.8) 		17.4
(63.3) 		40.7
(105.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 4.6
(40.3) 		8.2
(46.8) 		14.4
(57.9) 		21.1
(70.0) 		26.6
(79.9) 		31.0
(87.8) 		31.4
(88.5) 		30.3
(86.5) 		26.9
(80.4) 		21.0
(69.8) 		13.0
(55.4) 		6.1
(43.0) 		19.6
(67.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −1.3
(29.7) 		2.1
(35.8) 		8.2
(46.8) 		14.9
(58.8) 		20.5
(68.9) 		25.1
(77.2) 		26.7
(80.1) 		25.5
(77.9) 		20.9
(69.6) 		14.4
(57.9) 		6.9
(44.4) 		0.5
(32.9) 		13.7
(56.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −5.9
(21.4) 		−2.9
(26.8) 		2.6
(36.7) 		8.9
(48.0) 		14.4
(57.9) 		19.5
(67.1) 		22.7
(72.9) 		21.6
(70.9) 		15.9
(60.6) 		9.1
(48.4) 		2.0
(35.6) 		−3.9
(25.0) 		8.7
(47.6)
Record low °C (°F) −22.4
(−8.3) 		−19.3
(−2.7) 		−12.6
(9.3) 		−5.7
(21.7) 		0.7
(33.3) 		8.2
(46.8) 		13.1
(55.6) 		10.4
(50.7) 		1.8
(35.2) 		−3.3
(26.1) 		−12.6
(9.3) 		−20.3
(−4.5) 		−22.4
(−8.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 5.2
(0.20) 		11.9
(0.47) 		13.8
(0.54) 		33.4
(1.31) 		55.8
(2.20) 		85.2
(3.35) 		201.3
(7.93) 		160.3
(6.31) 		64.2
(2.53) 		27.7
(1.09) 		25.3
(1.00) 		7.6
(0.30) 		691.7
(27.23)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 2.1 3.3 3.3 5.1 6.9 8.5 12.4 11.6 7.3 5.5 4.4 3.1 73.5
Average snowy days 2.8 2.9 1.2 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 2.2 10.3
Average relative humidity (%) 58 55 51 56 61 62 78 80 74 69 66 62 64
Mean monthly sunshine hours 163.6 166.4 213.5 235.3 261.5 228.5 190.8 200.2 194.6 198.7 170.6 162.1 2,385.8
Percent possible sunshine 53 54 57 60 60 52 43 48 53 58 56 54 54
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[10][11]
Source 2: Weather China[12]

Education

Secondary schools

Transportation

Tai'an is served by Tai'an railway station on the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway and Taishan railway station on the Beijing–Shanghai railway.

Tai'an is served by the G2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway and on the Tai-Lai Expressway (west-east from Tai'an to Laiwu). There is a four-lane highway from Tai'an to the Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport. Within Tai'an there are large tree lined avenues throughout the city.

The nearest major airport is Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport, about 120 km (75 mi) to the north.

See also

References

  1. ^ 全市领导干部会议召开 崔洪刚任中共泰安市委书记 (in Chinese). dzwww.com. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  2. ^ a b 最新人口信息 www.hongheiku.com (in Chinese). hongheiku. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  3. ^ "Shandong Statistical Yearbook-2016". www.stats-sd.gov.cn.
  4. ^ Daily Consular and Trade Reports, Issues 152-228, Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Manufactures, 1913
  5. ^ Abbao [permanent dead link‍]
  6. ^ "第二节 徂徕山起义，四支队的建立与发展 - 泰安县地方史（1925—1949） - 泰山区地情库 - 泰安 - Shandong Chorography Archive".
  7. ^ "第一节 山东沦陷后泰安的抗战形势 - 泰安县地方史（1925—1949） - 泰山区地情库 - 泰安 - Shandong Chorography Archive".
  8. ^ Liu, Yi; Geng, Xin; Guan, Rui (1 October 2023). "Development of Experiential Live-action Performance Products in Tai'an City: A Case Study of"Chinese Taishan·Fengshan Grand Ceremony". | Journal of Landscape Research | EBSCOhost". openurl.ebsco.com. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
  9. ^ Weidong,

    Shi; Xia, Liu; Ruyue

    , Wang (20 November 2023). "Research on tourism industry development strategy of Tai'an City in post-epidemic era". Academic Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences. 6 (22). doi:10.25236/AJHSS.2023.062219.
  10. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  11. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  12. ^ 泰安 - 气象数据 -中国天气网. Weather China (in Chinese (China)). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 8 December 2021.