Stareater (fish)

Stareater
Astronesthes sp. (2008). The soft skin on this specimen was damaged by the net in which it was collected.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Stomiiformes
Family:	Stomiidae
Subfamily:	Astronesthinae
Genus:	Astronesthes J. Richardson, 1845
Species
See text

Snaggletooths or stareaters are any of a number of small, deep-sea stomiid fish in the genus Astronesthes. They possess a bioluminescent red chin barbel that the fish use as a lure to attract small prey into striking distance.

The fish have delicate skin, and mouths filled with sharp, needlelike, curved teeth.[1]

Species

There are currently 48 recognized species in this genus:[2]

• Astronesthes atlanticus Parin & Borodulina, 1996
• Astronesthes bilobatus Parin & Borodulina, 1996 (Twinlobe snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes boulengeri Gilchrist, 1902 (Boulenger's snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes caulophorus Regan & Trewavas, 1929
• Astronesthes chrysophekadion (Bleeker, 1849)
• Astronesthes cyaneus (A. B. Brauer, 1902)
• Astronesthes decoratus Parin & Borodulina, 2002
• Astronesthes dupliglandis Parin & Borodulina, 1997
• Astronesthes exsul Parin & Borodulina, 2002 (Exile snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes fedorovi Parin & Borodulina, 1994
• Astronesthes formosana Y. C. Liao, L. S. Chen & K. T. Shao, 2006
• Astronesthes galapagensis Parin, Borodulina & Hulley, 1999
• Astronesthes gemmifer Goode & T. H. Bean, 1896
• Astronesthes gibbsi Borodulina, 1992
• Astronesthes gudrunae Parin & Borodulina, 2002
• Astronesthes haplophos Parin & Borodulina, 2002
• Astronesthes ijimai S. Tanaka (I), 1908 (Ijima's snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes illuminatus Parin, Borodulina & Hulley, 1999
• Astronesthes indicus A. B. Brauer, 1902 (Black snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes indopacificus Parin & Borodulina, 1997 (Indo-Pacific snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes karsteni Parin & Borodulina, 2002
• Astronesthes kreffti Gibbs & McKinney, 1988 (Krefft's snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes lamellosus Goodyear & Gibbs, 1970
• Astronesthes lampara Parin & Borodulina, 1998
• Astronesthes leucopogon Regan & Trewavas, 1929
• Astronesthes lucibucca Parin & Borodulina, 1996
• Astronesthes lucifer C. H. Gilbert, 1905 (Pacific astronesthid fish)
• Astronesthes luetkeni Regan & Trewavas, 1929
• Astronesthes lupina Whitley, 1941 (Little wolf)
• Astronesthes macropogon Goodyear & Gibbs, 1970
• Astronesthes martensii Klunzinger, 1871
• Astronesthes micropogon Goodyear & Gibbs, 1970
• Astronesthes neopogon Regan & Trewavas, 1929
• Astronesthes niger J. Richardson, 1845
• Astronesthes nigroides Gibbs & Aron, 1960
• Astronesthes oligoa Parin & Borodulina, 2002
• Astronesthes psychrolutes (Gibbs & S. H. Weitzman, 1965) (Temperate snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes quasiindicus Parin & Borodulina, 1996
• Astronesthes richardsoni (Poey, 1852) (Richardson's snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes similus A. E. Parr, 1927
• Astronesthes spatulifer Gibbs & McKinney, 1988
• Astronesthes splendidus A. B. Brauer, 1902 (Splendid snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes tanibe Parin & Borodulina, 2001
• Astronesthes tatyanae Parin & Borodulina, 1998
• Astronesthes tchuvasovi Parin & Borodulina, 1996
• Astronesthes trifibulatus Gibbs, Amaoka & Haruka, 1984 (Triplethread snaggletooth)
• Astronesthes zetgibbsi Parin & Borodulina, 1997
• Astronesthes zharovi Parin & Borodulina, 1998

• 
  Astronesthes cyaneus
• 
  Astronesthes gemmifer
• 
  Astronesthes lucifer
• 
  Astronesthes martensii
• 
  Astronesthes niger
• 
  Astronesthes richardsoni
• 
  Astronesthes similus
• 
  Astronesthes splendida

References

1. Stewart, Andrew. "Science report: Denizens of the deep: daggertooth and stareater." NZ IPY-CAML Voyage 2008. 2008. Ministry of Fisheries. Crown Copyright: 2008. http://www.fish.govt.nz/NR/rdonlyres/7CF525AF-2985-4152-B225-28E52E389F3B/0/IPYdiary10.pdf
2. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Astronesthes". FishBase. February 2012 version.