Sprekelia

Sprekelia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Tribe: Hippeastreae
Subtribe: Hippeastrinae
Genus: Sprekelia
Heist.[1]
Species:
S. formosissima
Binomial name
Sprekelia formosissima
Synonyms[1]
  • Amaryllis formosa Salisb., nom. superfl.
  • Amaryllis formosissima L.
  • Amaryllis karwinskii Zucc.
  • Hippeastrum formosissimum (L.) P.J.S.Cramer, nom. illeg.
  • Hippeastrum glaucum (Lindl.) Christenh. & Byng
  • Narcissus jacobaea G.Edwards
  • Sprekelia clintiae Traub
  • Sprekelia glauca Lindl.
  • Sprekelia heisteri Trew ex Kunth
  • Sprekelia karwinskii (Zucc.) M.Roem.
  • Sprekelia ringens C.Morren
  • Sprekelia stenopetala Lem.

Sprekelia is a genus of Mesoamerican plants in the Amaryllis family, subfamily Amaryllidoideae.[2] Sprekelia plants are sometimes called Aztec lilies or Jacobean lilies although they are not true lilies.[3][4][5][6][7] This genus has been submerged in Zephyranthes,[8] but as of January 2023 is accepted by Plants of the World Online with a single species, Sprekelia formosissima,[1] endemic to Mexico.[9]

Taxonomy

This genus is named after Johann Heinrich von Spreckelsen (1691–1764), who supplied the plants to Lorenz Heister.[10] Sprekelia is placed in tribe Hippeastreae, subtribe Hippeastrinae. As of January 2023, a single species is accepted by Plants of the World Online, Sprekelia formosissima.[1] S. formosissima was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 as Amaryllis formosissima and transferred to Sprekelia by William Herbert in 1821.[11]

There are crosses between the genera Hippeastrum and Sprekelia, referred to as "x Hippeastrelia",[12] as well as at least one cross between the three genera Hippeastrum, Sprekelia, and Zephyranthes, x Howardara.[13]

Species formerly included

Species formerly placed in Sprekelia but now accepted elsewhere include:[14]

Distribution

Sprekelia formosissima is endemic to Mexico. It has been introduced to the Mariana Islands.[9]

Cultivation

Sprekelia formosissima is common in cultivation, planted in warm climates or raised in pots in colder climates, or planted and lifted, much as the gladiolus. Even when well grown, bulbs often do not bloom every year.[15][16] The Royal Horticultural Society recommends it as an interesting choice for heated conservatories or greenhouses.[17] It is available from commercial suppliers.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "Sprekelia Heist." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
  2. ^ Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae
  3. ^ Espejo Serena, A. & López-Ferrari, A.R. (1993). Las Monocotiledóneas Mexicanas una Sinopsis Florística 1(1): 1-76. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de México, México D.F.
  4. ^ Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  5. ^ López Patiño, E.J., Szeszko, D.R., Rascala Pérez, J. & Beltrán Retis, A.S. (2012). The flora of the Tenacingo-Malinalco-Zumpahuacán protected natural area, state of Mexico, Mexico. Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 65-167.
  6. ^ United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile, Sprekelia formosissima (L.) Herb., Jacobean Lily
  7. ^ a b "Sprekelia formosissima Aztec lily". The Royal Horticultural Society. 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022. Other common names; Jacobean lily, Mexican fire lily, orchid lily, St James lily, St James's cross lily, Jacobean amaryllis
  8. ^ Garcia et al 2019.
  9. ^ a b "'Sprekelia formosissima (L.) Herb." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
  10. ^ Heister, Lorenz 1755. Geschreibung eines neuen Geschlechts 15, 19.
  11. ^ "Sprekelia formosissima (L.) Herb." International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
  12. ^ "×Hippeastrelia | Pacific Bulb Society". www.pacificbulbsociety.org. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
  13. ^ "× Howardara Lehmiller". The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2023-01-31.
  14. ^ "Search for Sprekelia". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
  15. ^ Brent And Becky's Bulbs: Product Profile - Sprekelia - formosissima
  16. ^ Shields Gardens The Amaryllis Family: Sprekelia
  17. ^ "Warm conservatory and greenhouse plants". The Royal Horticultural Society. 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.

Bibliography

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sprekelia.
  • García, Nicolás; Meerow, Alan W.; Arroyo-Leuenberger, Silvia; Oliveira, Renata S.; Dutilh, Julie H.; Soltis, Pamela S.; Judd, Walter S. (June 2019). "Generic classification of Amaryllidaceae tribe Hippeastreae". Taxon. 68 (3): 481–498. doi:10.1002/tax.12062. S2CID 202854432.(With corrections published 2020)