Seven Sisters (law firms)

The Seven Sisters refers to a historical collection of seven law firms with offices across Canada, the majority of which have head offices in Toronto, Ontario.[1]

History

The term "Seven Sisters" was originally coined by John Alexander Black, founder of Lexpert (previously owned by Thomson Reuters and now owned by Key Media[2]). At the time, the Seven Sisters dominated the Canadian M&A legal advisory rankings. However, by 2006, Black stated "the moniker may have run its course and that some people argue the Seven have shrunk to two or possibly three."[3] Later that year, The The Globe & Mail reported the Seven Sisters term was no longer valid, explaining that "as the Canadian pool of major companies boils down to a thin concentrate, the upper legal tier has also shrunk." It noted that "most observers agree the reigning top players are McCarthy Tétrault, Stikeman Elliott, Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt and Blake, Cassels & Graydon."[4] In 2014, The National Post reported "the Chambers Global rankings for Canadian law firms confirm that it's time to retire the notion that "Seven Sisters" dominate Canadian law firms."[5] As of 2024, only five of the original seven have become national law firms in Canada and feature in The American Lawyer global rankings – the aforementioned four plus Torys LLP.

In 2015, The Globe and Mail reported that the corporate legal market had changed markedly from the early 2000s: "Elite U.S. legal shops blanket the top 25 firms for M&A, taking 13 of the top spots on the chart."[6] The most recent league tables from LSEG Data & Analytics (formerly Thomson Reuters Financial) indicate that the top 10 legal advisors by M&A transaction value with any Canadian involvement during the first three quarters of 2024 were Osler (Toronto), McCarthy (Toronto), Blakes (Toronto), Stikeman Elliott (Montreal/Toronto), Paul Weiss (New York City), Allens (Australia), Cleary Gottlieb (New York City), Davies (Toronto), Fasken (Toronto) and A&O Shearman (London/New York City), signalling the integration of Canada into the larger North American and global legal services market .[7] The 'club of nine' was a similar term used in London, England until it was replaced by the Magic Circle, which itself has been deprecated as U.S. law firms entered the European market.[8][9][10][11]

From Single-office Corporate Boutiques to National Champions

Since the end of the Cold War, the Canadian corporate legal market has undergone significant consolidation and reorganisation in order to adapt to Canada's shrinking business community, the integration of Canada into the wider North American economy, and the liberalisation of services markets worldwide. The decision by the Supreme Court of Canada in Black v Law Society of Alberta and the concomitant 1989-90 merger of Toronto's McCarthy & McCarthy with Montreal's Clarkson Tetrault, Calgary's Black & Company, and Vancouver's Shrum Liddle & Hebenton served as a catalyst for the Canadian legal sector's "big bang." Thus far, Canadian partnerships had been limited in their ability to practice law outside their home provinces; the Sisters, for the most part, had operated as single-office corporate boutiques.[12][13][14][15]

Shortly thereafter, a subclass of the Seven Sisters decided to expand nationally by greenfielding offices in the 1990s (i.e. Osler and Blakes from Toronto, Stikeman Elliott from Montreal, and Bennett Jones from Calgary), setting off a corresponding wave of combinations among regional law firms.[16][17][18][19][20][21] These amalgamations were concentrated about a group of national mergers at the turn of the millennium (i.e. Fasken Martineau DuMoulin, Borden Ladner Gervais, and Gowling LaFleur Henderson[22][23][24][25]) and then a succession of international mergers following the 2007–2008 financial crisis (i.e. Ogilvy Renault and Mcleod Dixon with Norton Rose and Fraser Milner Casgrain with Dentons[26][27][28][29]), creating a new class of well-resourced competitors to the Sisters. During this period of upheaval a number of major law firms also failed, including Toronto's Goodman and Carr (2007),[30] Montreal's Desjardins Ducharme (2007) which had an "exclusive and strategic partnership with Torys"[31] (Torys would open a Montreal office in 2013[32]), and most notably Heenan Blaikie (2014).[33]

Much of this activity has occurred due to the deregulation of trade in inter-provincial legal services in 1989, the integration of capital markets between and the cross-listing of companies on the Toronto and New York bourses following the implementation of CUSFTA (later NAFTA, and now USMCA) in 1989, and the emergence of Toronto as a leading Canadian and North American financial centre following the merger of the Montreal, Vancouver and Alberta stock exchanges into the Toronto Stock Exchange (now, TMX Group) from 1999 to 2001.[34][35][36][37][38][39]

Mergers and Domestic Alliances

Amidst all of these structural changes in the market, only three of the Seven Sisters underwent mergers — the aforementioned McCarthy in 1989–90,[40] Toronto's Davies Ward & Beck with Montreal's Phillips & Vineberg in 2000[41] and Toronto's Tory & Tory with New York's Haythe & Curley in 2000[42][43][44] — whilst the remainder decided to grow organically. Notably, Calgary's Bennett Jones abandoned three-way merger negotiations with Tory & Tory a month before the announcement of its merger deal with Haythe & Curley, deciding to go it alone.[45]

Unique among the Seven Sisters, Goodmans reverted to the Sisters' single-office boutique model in 2015 when it spun off its Vancouver office —the Toronto firm originally known as Goodman & Goodman had previously been in "alliance" with the Montreal firm Phillips & Vineberg before the latter firm's merger with Davies Ward & Beck in 2000.[46][47][48] In the mid-1990s, Toronto's Osler ended its own short-lived "association" with Montreal's Ogilvy, which had been "the largest law firm in the British Commonwealth," culminating in each firm entering the other's home market.[49]

Foreign Competition

The Seven Sisters have also faced increasing competition from abroad, particularly from New York which has attracted an ever-growing share of the hemisphere's corporate legal work. Furthermore, some American law firms have established representative outposts practicing U.S. law in Toronto (i.e. Skadden Arps, Paul Weiss and A&O Shearman from New York),[50][51][52] while others seeking to practice Canadian law have forgone mergers with local firms to greenfield into Canada (i.e. Baker McKenzie from Chicago, and more recently Mintz Levin from Boston and Cozen O'Connor from Philadelphia).[53][54][55][56][57]

International Alliances

In 2011, the Sisters were presented with a unique opportunity to "go global" amidst talk of creating a pan-English financial union to rival the Americans. Subsequent to the 2007 merger of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) with Euronext — itself a combination of continental Europe's leading bourses — the Toronto Stock Exchange (TMX Group) and the London Stock Exchange (LSE Group) proposed their own merger in February 2011. The combined entity, to be known as LTMX Group, would have created a trans-Atlantic bourse with the scale and scope to compete globally, particularly in the mining and energy sectors.[58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]

At the time, The Globe and Mail reported that TMX Group was being advised by Torys and Magic Circle law firm Allen & Overy, while LSE Group was being counselled by Osler and London's Freshfields. The LTMX integration offered Toronto and London's leading capital markets' advisors — namely the Seven Sisters and the Magic Circle — with their own opportunities to merge and form trans-Atlantic champions better able to compete with New York's legal powerhouses. While the LSE-TMX merger was ultimately rejected by shareholders in June 2011, Lexpert noted that when Torys "entered the Calgary market with its own greenfield in March 2011, the street cast the deal as the penultimate step in making itself attractive for a global suitor (Allen & Overy LLP, given the two firms' past co-mandates, was the favourite)," with the industry publication emphasising that "if a Canadian law firm wants to be part of an international law firm, they have to be in Calgary." In 2013, The Lawyer reported that another Magic Circle firm Linklaters would not expand its "alliance" into Canada, even though it had entered the Australian market the previous year.[68][69][70][71][61][72][73][74][75]

In the decade since the proposed Anglo-Canadian alliance collapsed, the Magic Circle have continued to seek opportunities across the Atlantic — favouring the U.S. over its northern neighbour. Freshfields successfully managed to enter the highly competitive U.S. corporate bar through greenfields, while Allen & Overy completed a precedent-setting, trans-Atlantic merger with New York-founded Shearman & Sterling in 2024. Linklaters subsequently noted that it was "open to mergers in its pursuit of U.S. growth." Clifford Chance had sealed its own U.S.-U.K. merger with New York's Rogers & Wells in 2000.[76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85]

The Seven Sisters have yet to exhibit the same degree of growth and global diversification that the Magic Circle have since the 2011 LSE-TMX proposal. According to The American Lawyer, "Toronto has the fifth largest legal market on the continent, valued at almost $22 billion, after New York, Washington, D.C., L.A., and Chicago" making it an attractive location for in-bound legal services investment and a strong home base for out-bound expansion.[86][87]

Membership

In alphabetical order, the historical Seven Sisters included: Blakes, Davies, Goodmans, McCarthy, Osler, Stikeman, and Torys.

Lexpert - Canada's Largest Law Firms

Lexpert publishes an annual ranking of law firms by Canadian legal headcount. Many of the law firms included in the list also have offices practicing non-Canadian law that are not included in the below chart (i.e. Torys in New York, Fasken in Johannesburg, and Gowling in London).[88]

Rank Name Canadian Headcount Toronto Ottawa Montréal Vancouver Calgary Edmonton Other Cities
1 Fasken 902 299 33 294 155 57 - 7 Surrey, BC; 58 Quebec, QC
2 Gowling WLG 793 203 213 105 82 91 - 39 Hamilton, ON; 60 Waterloo, ON
3 BLG 780 293 83 150 140 114 - -
4 McCarthy 744 368 - 175 101 64 - 36 Quebec, QC
5 Blakes 669 322 6 100 124 117 - 3 New York, NY; 4 London, UK
6 Norton Rose 629 150 47 160 92 113 - 67 Quebec, QC
7 Dentons 576 189 44 99 74 92 78 -
8 Osler 529 309 13 82 48 77 - 4 New York, NY
9 Stikeman 523 238 6 161 53 65 - -
10 Miller Thomson 499 169 - 77 55 42 47 25 London, ON; 32 Vaughan, ON; 26 Waterloo, ON; 16 Regina, SK; 10 Saskatoon, SK
11 Bennett Jones 470 201 2 15 54 156 42 2 New York, NY
12 Torys 352 275 - 16 - 41 - 20 Halifax, NS

The American Lawyer Global 200 - Canadian Law Ranking

The 2024 edition of The American Lawyer's ranking of global law firms by revenue included the top dozen law firms in Lexpert's headcount ranking for the first time. The American Lawyer ranking also includes a number of international law firms with offices practicing Canadian law (i.e. DLA, Baker McKenzie, Mintz Levin, and Cozen O'Connor).[89][90][91][92][93][94][95]

Canada Rank Global Rank Name Revenue (US$) Revenue per Lawyer (RPL, US$) Total Lawyers Profit per Equity Partner (PEP, US$) Total Equity Partners Head Office & Country Number of offices Year established
N/A 3 DLA[96] 3,829,531,000 840,000 4,561 3,122,000 334 London, UK 90 2005 international merger
N/A 4 Baker McKenzie[97] 3,286,791,000 721,000 4,558 1,981,000 605 Chicago, IL 77 1949
N/A 13 Dentons[98] 2,720,000,000 457,000 5,946 403,000 2,025 London, UK 160 2012 international merger
N/A 20 Norton Rose[99] 2,261,192,000 734,000 3,079 1,400,000 506 London, UK 50 2010-2013 international merger
N/A[100] 88 Gowling WLG[101] 713,683,000 565,000 1,263 704,000 396 Ottawa, ON and Toronto, ON & London, UK 20 2016 international merger
1 90 Blakes[102] 692,794,000 994,000 697 986,000 274 Toronto, ON 7 1856
N/A 95 Cozen O'Connor[103] 653,043,000 871,000 750 1,139,000 197 Philadelphia, PA 32 1970
N/A 98 Mintz Levin[104] 645,200,000 1,240,000 520 2,103,000 93 Boston, MA 8 1933
2 99 McCarthy[105] 635,000,000 844,000 752 1,418,000 170 Toronto, ON 7 1855
3 111 Fasken[106] 579,938,000 647,000 897 N/A N/A Toronto, ON 10 2000 merger
4 130 Osler[107] 479,904,000 882,000 544 N/A N/A Toronto, ON 6 1862
5 138 BLG[108] 443,658,000 553,000 803 N/A N/A Toronto, ON 5 2000 merger
6 142 Bennett Jones[109] 425,000,000 895,000 475 N/A N/A Calgary, AB and Toronto, ON 7 1922
7 161 Stikeman[110] 368,756,000 713,000 517 N/A N/A Montreal, QC and Toronto, ON 8 1952
8 192 Torys[111] 294,403,000 773,000 381 N/A N/A Toronto, ON 4 1941
9 199 Miller Thomson[112] 282,274,000 563,000 501 N/A N/A Toronto, ON 11 1957

See also

References

  1. ^ Hasselback, Drew (28 March 2014). "Drew Hasselback: 'Seven sisters' no longer rule the Bay Street roost". Financial Post. Postmedia. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
  2. ^ "Key Media – Leading Global b2b Media Company". www.keymedia.com. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  3. ^ "Clouds darken legal horizon, Black warns". The Globe and Mail. 15 March 2006.
  4. ^ "The law page". The Globe and Mail. 31 May 2006.
  5. ^ "Drew Hasselback: 'Seven sisters' no longer rule the Bay Street roost". financialpost. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  6. ^ "Foreign law firms, banks moving up Canadian M&A ranks". The Globe and Mail. 6 March 2015.
  7. ^ "THE SOURCE". thesource.lseg.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  8. ^ "Hello A&O Shearman. Goodbye 'Magic Circle'". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  9. ^ "Is the 'Magic Circle' Dead, Or Just Different?". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  10. ^ Ames, Jonathan (2024-08-04). "Can the magic circle ever break US law firms' spell over London?". The Times. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  11. ^ Booth, James (7 August 2023). "Magic Circle under strain to transform: 'The coolest club… has lost its sheen'". Financial News (Dow Jones & Company).
  12. ^ "Black v. Law Society of Alberta - SCC Cases". decisions.scc-csc.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  13. ^ "Can He Pull It Off? The Gowlings Gamble". www.lexpert.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  14. ^ "McCarthy Tetrault founder dies at age 89 - Law360 Canada". www.law360.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  15. ^ Gibson, Byran (1985). "Inter-Provincial Law Firms and the Merger of Shrum, Liddle & Hebenton and McCarthy & McCarthy". Advocate (Vancouver Bar Association). 43: 15.
  16. ^ Noël, Caroline (2017-03-27). "All in the Family". Literary Review of Canada. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  17. ^ "Ogilvy Renault's Reach For The TOP". www.lexpert.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  18. ^ "Calgary Goes Global". www.lexpert.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  19. ^ Czarnecka, Marzena (December 2011). "Calgary Goes Global" (PDF).
  20. ^ "Going Global". www.lexpert.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  21. ^ Czarnecka, Marzena. "Greenfield of Dreams: If you build it. . . ?". Lexpert.
  22. ^ "Canada's Ogilvy Renault joins global legal giant". The Globe and Mail. 2010-11-15. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  23. ^ "Five law firms wed in cross-country mega-merger". The Globe and Mail. 2000-02-29. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  24. ^ "Gowling merges with two smaller practices". The Globe and Mail. 2000-04-05. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  25. ^ "Gowlings cements giant merger". The Globe and Mail. 2001-07-05. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  26. ^ "Fraser Milner Casgrain to go global". The Globe and Mail. 2012-11-07. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  27. ^ "What law firm league tables tell us about Canadian law firms' strategy". The National Post. January 16, 2013.
  28. ^ "Analysis: Ogilvy Renault merger may set new trend". The National Post. April 27, 2011.
  29. ^ "McMillan to merge with Lang Michener". The Globe and Mail. 2010-11-08. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  30. ^ "Law firm Goodman and Carr shutting down". The Globe and Mail. 2007-03-14. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  31. ^ Lewandowski, Rene. "Desjardins Ducharme : Autopsie d'un déclin". Droit-inc (in Canadian French). Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  32. ^ Lewandowski, Rene. "Torys ouvre un bureau à Montréal!". Droit-inc (in Canadian French). Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  33. ^ "Death of a law firm: Behind the collapse of Heenan Blaikie". The Globe and Mail. 2014-02-07. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  34. ^ "TSE, CDNX sign merger agreement". The Globe and Mail. 2001-05-02. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  35. ^ "Notice Commission Approval of The Toronto Stock Exchange Inc. Acquisition of Canadian Venture Exchange Inc" (PDF). Ontario Securities Commission. July 31, 2001.
  36. ^ "TSX head urges Montreal bourse merger". The Globe and Mail. 2007-08-03. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  37. ^ "Shareholders press for TSX-MX merger". The Globe and Mail. 2007-08-31. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  38. ^ "TSX, MX merger talks heat up". The Globe and Mail. 2007-11-29. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  39. ^ "Merged TMX Group to keep an eye on growth". The Globe and Mail. 2008-02-14. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  40. ^ "Canada: Staying one step ahead". The American Lawyer. August 19, 2002.
  41. ^ "Toronto, Montreal law firms merge". The Globe and Mail. 2000-11-23. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  42. ^ "Feud nearly killed Torys merger". The Globe and Mail. 2000-03-17. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  43. ^ "Torys: The state of the union". The Globe and Mail. 2000-09-25. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  44. ^ "Torys: Evolution of an Icon". www.lexpert.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  45. ^ "Bennett Jones: Rethinking Toronto". www.lexpert.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  46. ^ "Goodmans Vancouver now part of MLT". www.canadianlawyermag.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  47. ^ "The law page". The Globe and Mail. 2006-08-30. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  48. ^ "Burnet, Duckworth & Palmer". www.lexpert.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  49. ^ "Ogilvy Renault's Reach For The TOP". www.lexpert.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  50. ^ "Rebuilding at Shearman & Sterling". The Globe and Mail. 2011-04-19. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  51. ^ "U.S.-based Paul Weiss to open office in Toronto". The National Post. April 12, 2011.
  52. ^ "Bay Street firms nonplussed about Paul Weiss move to Toronto". www.lawtimesnews.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  53. ^ "With no merger in sight, Heenan lawyers flee to disparate firms". The Globe and Mail. 2014-02-12. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  54. ^ "After Heenan Blaikie, is it all over for Big Law?". The Globe and Mail. 2014-03-27. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  55. ^ "Torys, Denton lawyers defect to Mintz Levin as U.S. law giant invades Bay Street". The Globe and Mail. 2023-03-20. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  56. ^ "U.S. legal giant Mintz Levin hires four more Bay Street stars to beef up fast-growing Toronto office". The Globe and Mail. 2023-09-29. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  57. ^ "Mintz Opening First Office Outside US in Toronto With 5 High-Profile Partners". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  58. ^ "NYSE Group approves Euronext merger". Reuters. August 9, 2007.
  59. ^ "Merged exchange NYSE Euronext starts trading in Paris". Reuters. August 9, 2007.
  60. ^ "Nuts and bolts of the TMX-LSE deal". The Globe and Mail. 2011-02-09. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  61. ^ a b "TMX merger brings new global status, renewed national debate". The Globe and Mail. 2011-02-09. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  62. ^ "Global stock exchange consolidation may just be starting". The Globe and Mail. 2011-02-09. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  63. ^ "Business gives qualified thumbs-up to LSE-TSX merger". The Globe and Mail. 2011-02-18. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  64. ^ "Combined TMX-LSE would be called LTMX Group". Dow Jones News Wires. 2 June 2011.
  65. ^ "Shareholders reject proposed merger of TMX and LSE". The Globe and Mail. 2011-06-29. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  66. ^ "LSE, TMX abort their merger, leaving both in play". Reuters. June 29, 2011.
  67. ^ "Maple Group wins control of TMX, with 91 per cent of shares tendered". The Globe and Mail. 2012-07-31. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  68. ^ "Torys, Osler in on proposed LSE-TMX merger". The Globe and Mail. 2011-02-15. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  69. ^ Taylor, Margaret (2011-02-09). "A&O and Freshfields lead as LSE agrees merger with Canadian exchange". The Lawyer | Legal insight, benchmarking data and jobs. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  70. ^ "Linklaters drops Alliance name in global rebrand". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  71. ^ "TMX-LSE deal reveals Bay Street rift". The Globe and Mail. 2011-03-09. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  72. ^ "Calgary Goes Global". www.lexpert.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  73. ^ Freedman, Joshua (2013-06-02). "Why Linklaters won't go for an alliance in Canada". The Lawyer | Legal insight, benchmarking data and jobs. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  74. ^ Harris, Joanne (2012-04-23). "Linklaters seals Allens Arthur Robinson alliance". The Lawyer | Legal insight, benchmarking data and jobs. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  75. ^ "Linklaters seals Allens alliance deal as Davies secures MP reappointment". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  76. ^ "Shockwaves from the 'big bang'". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  77. ^ "Clifford Chance to drop local names as brand goes global". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  78. ^ "A&O Shearman Has Lift Off—99% of Partners Give Green Light". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  79. ^ "The Allen & Overy-Shearman Merger and the End of the Magic Circle Era". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  80. ^ "UK and US Law Firms in Merger Talks as Demand for Scale Grows". The American Lawyer. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  81. ^ "Oh There You Are, Linklaters: A US Strategy At Last!". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  82. ^ "Shearman & Sterling to Merge With Allen & Overy". The American Lawyer. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  83. ^ "Linklaters open to mergers in pursuit of US growth, says boss". Financial News (Dow Jones & Company). 9 July 2024.
  84. ^ "'US is Calling the Shots': The Power Shift That's Americanizing Freshfields". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  85. ^ "Freshfields Scraps 'Bruckhaus Deringer' From Name". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  86. ^ "Is Toronto the Next Hot Spot for US Firm Expansion?". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  87. ^ "Leading Silicon Valley law firm hunts for Canadian talent". The Globe and Mail. 2023-06-02. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  88. ^ "Canada's Largest Law Firms | Lexpert". www.lexpert.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  89. ^ "American Lawyer International Edition - 2024 Global 200". Law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
  90. ^ "The 2024 Global 200 Ranked by Revenue". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
  91. ^ "American Lawyer Global 200 Revenue". public.tableau.com. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
  92. ^ "The 2024 Global 100 Ranked by Profits Per Equity Partner". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
  93. ^ "American Lawyer Global 200 Profit per Equity Partner". public.tableau.com. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
  94. ^ "The 2024 Global 200 Ranked by Head Count". Law.com International. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
  95. ^ "American Lawyer Global 200 Headcount". public.tableau.com. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
  96. ^ "DLA Piper". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  97. ^ "Baker McKenzie". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  98. ^ "Dentons". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  99. ^ "Norton Rose Fulbright". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  100. ^ "About the Structure of Gowling WLG". Gowling WLG.
  101. ^ "Gowling WLG". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  102. ^ "Blakes". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  103. ^ "Cozen O'Connor". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  104. ^ "Mintz Levin". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  105. ^ "McCarthy Tetrault". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  106. ^ "Fasken Martineau". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  107. ^ "Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  108. ^ "Borden Ladner Gervais". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  109. ^ "Bennett Jones". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  110. ^ "Stikeman Elliott". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  111. ^ "Torys". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  112. ^ "Miller Thomson". www.law.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.

 

Index: pl ar de en es fr it arz nl ja pt ceb sv uk vi war zh ru af ast az bg zh-min-nan bn be ca cs cy da et el eo eu fa gl ko hi hr id he ka la lv lt hu mk ms min no nn ce uz kk ro simple sk sl sr sh fi ta tt th tg azb tr ur zh-yue hy my ace als am an hyw ban bjn map-bms ba be-tarask bcl bpy bar bs br cv nv eml hif fo fy ga gd gu hak ha hsb io ig ilo ia ie os is jv kn ht ku ckb ky mrj lb lij li lmo mai mg ml zh-classical mr xmf mzn cdo mn nap new ne frr oc mhr or as pa pnb ps pms nds crh qu sa sah sco sq scn si sd szl su sw tl shn te bug vec vo wa wuu yi yo diq bat-smg zu lad kbd ang smn ab roa-rup frp arc gn av ay bh bi bo bxr cbk-zam co za dag ary se pdc dv dsb myv ext fur gv gag inh ki glk gan guw xal haw rw kbp pam csb kw km kv koi kg gom ks gcr lo lbe ltg lez nia ln jbo lg mt mi tw mwl mdf mnw nqo fj nah na nds-nl nrm nov om pi pag pap pfl pcd krc kaa ksh rm rue sm sat sc trv stq nso sn cu so srn kab roa-tara tet tpi to chr tum tk tyv udm ug vep fiu-vro vls wo xh zea ty ak bm ch ny ee ff got iu ik kl mad cr pih ami pwn pnt dz rmy rn sg st tn ss ti din chy ts kcg ve
Prefix: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Portal di Ensiklopedia Dunia

Portal : Agama
Agama
Portal : Bahasa
Bahasa
Portal : Biografi
Biografi
Portal : Budaya
Budaya
Portal : Ekonomi
Ekonomi
Portal : Elektronika
Elektronika
Portal : Film
Film
Portal : Filsafat
Filsafat
Portal : Geografi
Geografi
Portal : Indonesia
Indonesia
Portal : Ilmu
Ilmu
Portal : Lingkungan
Lingkungan
Portal : Masyarakat
Masyarakat
Portal : Matematika
Matematika
Portal : Militer
Militer
Portal : Mitologi
Mitologi
Portal : Musik
Musik
Portal : Olahraga
Olahraga
Portal : Pendidikan
Pendidikan
Portal : Politik
Politik
Portal : Sastra
Sastra
Portal : Sejarah
Sejarah
Portal : Seni
Seni
Portal : Teknologi
Teknologi