Although he has been consistently conflated with Saint Hilary of Poitiers[5][6][13][14][15] and shares a similar saint's day (Hilary's being observed on the 13th[11][12]), the Welsh saint is often listed separately as Ilar Bysgotwr[16] ("Hilary the Fisherman").[17][3][4][13] He is also given the epithets Ilar Droedwyn ("Hilary Whitefoot") and Ilar Ferthyr ("Hilary the Martyr").[5] The bishop of Poitiers, meanwhile, was a confessor and died peacefully.
Saint Hilary's own connection with Wales arose from confused accounts that he ordainedSaint Cybi as a bishop, although the two were separated by two centuries.[18][19]Baring-Gould suggests this may have arisen from a confusion between Hilary and Cybi's relative Saint Elian,[20] and some of the dedications to either saint may have originally been in honor of him.[21] Another Saint Hilary, the 5th-century Pope Hilarius, was credited in Welsh legend with ordainingSaint Elvis, who in turn baptized Saint David, the patron saint of Wales.
Life
Saint Ilar, 'St Hilary's Church', Llanilar, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion,
Ilar is a very obscure saint and few details survive apart from his name.[22] Surviving records name Saint Ilar as a Breton companion of Padarn[23] and Cadfan's[2][24] 6th-century mission to Wales. He may have come from Armorica.[1] The parishes bearing his name are to the south of Tywyn (credited to Cadfan) but near some credited to Padarn. As a martyr, he may have been killed by the pagan Irish or Saxon invasions of the time.
Legacy
The church at Trefilan
In addition to the parish church at Llanilar, the church at Trefilan in Ceredigion near Lampeter is also dedicated to Saint Ilar or Hilary, the name of the community having been corrupted from an original Tref Ilar (lit. "Town of Ilar").[25] The Church in Wales also administers churches dedicated to Saint Hilary at Erbistock in Wrexham, Killay in Swansea, and the village of St Hilary near Cowbridge in the Vale of Glamorgan.[26]Rees and others considered all of the churches of "Saint Hilary" possible remnants of dedications to Ilar.[1][4] Despite a conflicting account in the Iolo Manuscripts[24] and the Enwogion Cymru,[2]Baring-Gould opined that the church at Cowbridge was certainly dedicated to the French saint.[5]
The 15th-century poetLewis Glyn Cothi mentions gwyl Ilar hael a'i loer hir ("the festival of generous Ilar with his long moon") in his work.[5]
Saint Ilar, his holy well and legends, and his accidental replacement by the French bishop Hilary appear in Arthur Machen's 1907 short story "Levavi Oculos"[27] and its reworked form as part of his 1922 novel The Secret Glory,[28] about a schoolboy's encounter with the Holy Grail of Welsh and Arthurian legend.
^ abcStanton, Richard. A Menology of England and Wales: Or, Brief Memorials of the Ancient British and English Saints Arranged According to the Calendar, Together with the Martyrs of the 16th and 17th Centuries, p. 703. Burns & Oates, 1892.
^ abJones, Owen. Cymru: yn Hanesyddol, Parthedegol a Bywgraphyddol [Wales: Historical, Topographical, and Biographical], Vol. I, p. 676, 1875 (in Welsh), cited in Y Cymmrodor, Vol. XXVII, p. 139. Society of Cymmrodorion, 1917.
^ abThe Catholic Church in England and Wales. "Liturgy Office: November 2015". Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales, 2014. Accessed 18 Nov 2014.
^ ab"Genealogies of the British Saints", supposedly from the book of Thomas Hopkin of Coychurch (1670), cited in the Jolo Manuscripts, p. 506, although note that the Iolo Manuscripts are marred by Edward William's forgeries and spurious additions to their content.
^Llwyd, Richard. "Topographical Notices &c." in Powell & Wynne's translation of Caradoc's History of Wales, Rev. ed., p. 88. J. Eddowes (Shrewsbury), 1832.
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