White House call button used by presidents of the United States
The Presidential call button on the Resolute desk alongside the HMS Gannet pen holder, a "Hard things are hard" plaque given to president Obama by David Axelrod, and a Petoskey stone given to Obama by Pete Souza's wife for his 50th birthday.[1][2]
An approximately 9 by 3 in (20 by 8 cm) wooden box housing a call button is present on the Oval Office desk in the Oval Office of the White House. This call button, also referred to as a valet button, is used to call aides to the President for various reasons. The modern version of the call button has been present since at least the George W. Bush presidency. Earlier versions of presidential call bells and buzzers have existed since the early 1800's.
Bill Clinton and his dog Buddy in the Oval Office with the Presidential call button visible on his deskGeorge W. Bush at the Resolute desk during 9/11, with the call button on the desk, to his leftBarack Obama pointing out the call button to Washington, D.C. area students.The call button in a wooden box next to the telephone on the Resolute desk in March 2017
Before the mid 1800's, a series of call bells was installed in the White House and used as a form of staff communication. This system was followed by a battery operated device, used by the President, that could be used to call on staff. The White House was wired for electricity in 1891 allowing for simple wired call-buttons.[3]
An 1881 letter written by White House disbursing agent William H. Crook refers to an electric bell attached to president James Garfield's desk.[4]
Betty C. Monkman notes in The White House: Its Historic Furnishings & First Families that the Treaty table, also known as the Grant Cabinet table, has the remains of a call button system still attached to it, but does not state when this system was used.[5]
In the 1889 Publication Historic Homes in Washington; its noted men and women by Mary S. Lockwood a story is told about Benjamin Harrison's grandson pushing a call button on the President's desk. She wrote:
Did not little Benjamin, when alone one day in his grandfather's office, climb to his table, and by a touch here and there with his baby hand, set the whole force of secretaries, clerks and messengers on a chase to do his majesty's bidding?[6][7]
Lyndon Johnson had a series of buttons, or keys, to summon different drinks to the Oval Office, Cabinet Room, and "Little Lounge" (a room just next to the Oval Office). In the Oval Office the keys were on the table behind the president's desk. The four keys were for coffee, tea, Coca-Cola and Fresca; when pressed, a butler would fulfill the president's drink request.[8]
During Johnson's presidency he was known for having extramarital affairs, with what Robert Dallek in his book Lone Star Rising: Lyndon Johnson and His Times called a harem of women.[9]Ronald Kessler in his book Inside the Whitehouse describes multiple sexual encounters between Johnson and his secretaries in the Oval Office including one where his wife, Ladybird Johnson, walked in on Johnson and a secretary in the midst of having sex, leading to the installation of a buzzer system to warn him if Ladybird was on her way.[10]
Modern call button
The modern call button sits in an approximately 9 by 3 in (20 by 8 cm) wooden box marked with a golden presidential seal[11][12] and has been on the Resolute desk since at least the George W. Bush presidency.[13] According to Richard Branson, President Obama repurposed it to order tea for his White House guests.[14]
During Donald Trump's past and present presidency, when pressed, a signal summons a valet who brings a Diet Coke on a silver platter.[15] At one time Walt Nauta had this job.[16] Trump reportedly also used the button to request lunch, and to pull pranks on new visitors to the White House.[17][18] Trump stated to one reporter that "everyone thinks it is [the nuclear button]"[19] and that people "get a little nervous when I press that button."[13]
In the first few days of Joe Biden's presidency, it was reported that he had the button removed;[20][21] however, it appeared to return a few weeks later when a White House official told Politico that the button was back on the desk with an unspecified purpose.[13][22]James Corden has said that Joe Biden has an "ice cream button" on his desk.[23]
Despite reports that the button remained during Joe Biden's term, following his second inauguration on January 20, 2025, The Wall Street Journal reported that Trump's Diet Coke button was "back".[15][clarification needed]
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