Prasiolales

Prasiolales
Prasiola stipitata
Scientific classification
Clade:	Viridiplantae
Division:	Chlorophyta
Class:	Trebouxiophyceae
Order:	Prasiolales F.E.Fritsch
Families[1]
Koliellaceae Prasiolaceae Stichococcaceae

Prasiolales is an order of green algae in the class Trebouxiophyceae.[2] Members of this order are ecologically widespread and are found in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats from the Arctic to the Antarctic.[3]

Morphological features include a single stellate, axial chloroplast with a central pyrenoid.[4] The ultrastructure of Prasiolales is unique and includes cells with four flagella, with their basal flagellar apparatuses in a counterclockwise orientation.[4][5] For a long time, its placement was uncertain and debated between Ulvophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae (also known as Pleurastrophyceae). Molecular data, however, have robustly supported its placement in the latter class.[3]

Traditionally the order contained a single family, Prasiolaceae. Molecular phylogenetics studies have found that coccoid algae of very simple morphology, such as Stichococcus, also belong to this order.[6]

Genera of uncertain placement to family include:[1]

• Edaphochlorella
• Pseudomarvania

Phylogeny

Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown the following relationships (not all genera are included):[7][8][9][10][6]

Prasiolales	Raphidonema/Koliella pro parte Pseudochlorella Raphidonema/Koliella pro parte Ekerewekia Gloeocystis polydermatica Edaphochlorella (syn. Chlorella mirabilis) Prasiolaceae Pseudomarvania Stichococcus Desmococcus Protostichococcus Deuterostichococcus Tritostichococcus Diplosphaera Tetratostichococcus Pseudostichococcus	Koliellaceae pro parte Stichococcaceae

References

1. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Prasiolales". AlgaeBase. University of Galway. Retrieved 2025-01-02.
2. See the NCBI webpage on Prasiolales. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2007-03-19.
3. Heesch, Svenja; Pažoutová, Marie; Moniz, Mónica B.J.; Rindi, Fabio (2016). "Prasiolales (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) of the Svalbard Archipelago: Diversity, biogeography and description of the new genera Prasionella and Prasionema". European Journal of Phycology. 51 (2): 171–187. Bibcode:2016EJPhy..51..171H. doi:10.1080/09670262.2015.1115557.
4. Rindi, Fabio; McIvor, Lynne; Sherwood, Alison R.; Friedl, Thomas; Guiry, Michael D.; Sheath, Robert G. (2007). "Molecular phylogeny of the green algal order Prasiolales (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)". Journal of Phycology. 43 (4): 811–822. Bibcode:2007JPcgy..43..811R. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00372.x.
5. O'Kelly, Charles J.; Garbary, David J.; Floyd, Gary L. (1989). "Flagellar apparatus of male gametes and other aspects of gamete and zygote ultrastructure in Prasiola and Rosenvingiella (Chlorophyta, Prasiolales) from British Columbia". Canadian Journal of Botany. 67 (2): 505–514. Bibcode:1989CaJB...67..505O. doi:10.1139/b89-071.
6. Pröschold, Thomas; Darienko, Tatyana (2020). "The green puzzle Stichococcus (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta): New generic and species concept among this widely distributed genus". Phytotaxa. 441 (2): 113–142. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.441.2.2.
7. Kaštovský, JAN; Veselá, Jana; Bohunická, Markéta; Fučíková, Karolina; Štenclová, Lenka; Brewer-Carías, Charles (2016). "New and unusual species of cyanobacteria, diatoms and green algae, with a description of a new Genus ekerewekia gen. nov. (Chlorophyta) from the table mountain Churí-tepui, Chimantá Massif (Venezuela)". Phytotaxa. 247 (3): 153. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.247.3.1.
8. Yakimovich, Kurt M.; Gauthier, Nick P.G.; Engstrom, Casey B.; Leya, Thomas; Quarmby, Lynne M. (2021). "A Molecular Analysis of Microalgae from Around the Globe to Revise Raphidonema (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)". Journal of Phycology. 57 (5): 1419–1432. Bibcode:2021JPcgy..57.1419Y. doi:10.1111/jpy.13183. PMID 33988850.
9. Darienko, T.; Gustavs, L. & Pröschold, T. (2016). "Species concept and nomenclatural changes within the genera Elliptochloris and Pseudochlorella (Trebouxiophyceae) based on an integrative approach". Journal of Phycology. 52 (6): 1125–1145. doi:10.1111/jpy.12481. PMID 27734501.
10. Darienko, Tatyana; Pröschold, Thomas (2024). "Prasiolopsis wulf-kochii (Prasiolales, Trebouxiophyceae), a New Species Occurring in Hairs of the Sloth Bradypus tridactylus". Plants. 13 (17): 2405. Bibcode:2024Plnts..13.2405D. doi:10.3390/plants13172405. PMC 11397384. PMID 39273889.

External links

• Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Prasiolales". AlgaeBase. University of Galway.