Pingjum

Pingjum
Penjum
Village
St Victory Church
St Victory Church
Flag of Pingjum
Flag
Coat of arms of Pingjum
Coat of arms
Location in the former Wûnseradiel municipality
Location in the former Wûnseradiel municipality
Pingjum is located in Friesland
Pingjum
Pingjum
Location in the Netherlands
Pingjum is located in Netherlands
Pingjum
Pingjum
Pingjum (Netherlands)
Coordinates: 53°06′58″N 5°26′24″E / 53.116°N 5.440°E / 53.116; 5.440
CountryNetherlands Netherlands
ProvinceFriesland Friesland
MunicipalitySúdwest-Fryslân Súdwest-Fryslân
Area
[1]
 • Total
13.31 km2 (5.14 sq mi)
Elevation
[2]
0.4 m (1.3 ft)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total
585
 • Density44/km2 (110/sq mi)
Postal code
8749[1]
Dialing code0517

Pingjum (West Frisian: Penjum) is a village in the municipality of Súdwest-Fryslân in Friesland, in the northern Netherlands and lies 6.6 kilometres (4.1 mi) southwest of Harlingen. It had a population of around 585 in January 2017.[3]

History

The village was first mentioned in the 13th century as Penningem, and means "settlement of Penne (person)".[4] Pingjum is a terp (artificial living hill) village from the early middle ages which developed on the Marneslenk in a grid structure.[5] According to legend, the earliest settlers were shepherds from Drenthe who decided to build the terps and around 1100 added dikes for further protection against the sea.[6]

The tower of the Dutch Reformed church was built in the 12th or 13th century and was enlarged in the 15th century. The church dates from around 1500 and was enlarged in 1759. A water well is located next to the choir.[5]

In 1524, Menno Simons became priest at the church. Simons started to preach against militarism and was baptised as an adult. His breach with the Catholic church started in Pingjum, and led to the Mennonites.[7]: 5  A Mennonite church was built around 1600 as a clandestine church behind a non conspicuous house which was used as clergy house. It is one of the oldest still extant Mennonite churches.[5]

During the February flood of 1825, Frisian seawalls broke. Pingjum was spared thanks to a dike around the village known as the Pingjumer Golden Collar (Pingjumer Gulden Halsband). In 1892 the province of Friesland decided to put an end to the Pingjumer Golden Collar coastal protection, although in several places the dike is still visible.[8] This ring dyke was originally built in part to reclaim land from the Marne Estuary to the north of the village.[9]

Pingjum was home to 116 people in 1840.[6] Part of the terp was excavated.[10]

In 1945, the village was severely damaged.[5] On 15 April 1945, Canadian troops demanded the surrender of the German forces in the area. The Germans refused and hid in Pingjum. An intense two day battle with mortars and flame-throwers followed. On 17 April, the last farms in which the Germans were hiding, were set on fire.[7]: 6 

Before 2011, the village was part of the Wûnseradiel municipality.[6]

Notable residents

  • The Pingjumer Golden Collar southwest of Pingjum in 2011
    The Pingjumer Golden Collar southwest of Pingjum in 2011
  • Houses in Pingjum
    Houses in Pingjum
  • View on Pingjum
    View on Pingjum
  • Destruction during World War II (18 April 1945)
    Destruction during World War II (18 April 1945)

References

  1. ^ a b c "Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2021". Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 6 April 2022. two entries
  2. ^ "Postcodetool for 8749GA". Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis. 24 July 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  3. ^ Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2017 – CBS Statline
  4. ^ "Pingjum - (geografische naam)". Etymologiebank (in Dutch). Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  5. ^ a b c d Ronald Stenvert & Sabine Broekhoven (2000). Pingjum (in Dutch). Zwolle: Waanders. ISBN 90-400-9476-4. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  6. ^ a b c "Pingjum". Plaatsengids (in Dutch). Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  7. ^ a b "Dorpsvisie Pingjum 2012-2020" (PDF). Dorp Pingjum (in Dutch). 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  8. ^ "Home". dorppingjum.nl.
  9. ^ Spek, Theo (2 September 2017). "De Marneslenk Het kustlandschap van zuidelijk Westergo door de eeuwen heen" (PDF). Retrieved 22 March 2018.
  10. ^ "Pingjum". Friesland wonderland (in Dutch). Retrieved 6 April 2022.

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