The name Pentaclethra is derived from Ancient Greek, penta meaning 'five', and cleithro meaning 'bolt', which alludes to the five imbricate sepals and five petals joined at the base, characteristic of this genus.[2]
Species
Pentaclethra is a small genus with three species.[3] It is considered basal to the mimosoid clade.[2] One species, P. macroloba, occurs in the American tropics. This is the dominant tree in certain seasonal swamp forests in coastal areas of Atlantic Panama.[4] The other two species occur in Africa.[3]
Pentaclethra, popularly known as ugba (raw oil bean seeds) in Africa, has great nutritional value. Proximate analysis[5] of raw oil bean seed reveals that it is composed of proteins (36–42%), lipids (43–47%) and carbohydrates (4–17%) [6][7] The high content of the essential amino acids makes the seed a potential source of protein.[8] Glutamic acid appears to be the largest amino acid contained in the seed and its fermented product. This could explain why pentaclethra (ugba) is often used as a flavoring agent for soups in southeastern Nigeria.
^Ogueke, C. C., and Aririatu, L. E. (2004). Microbial and organoleptic changesassociated with ugba stored at ambient temperature.Nig. Food J.22, 133–140.
^Odunfa, S. A., and Oyeyiola, G. F. (1985). Microbiological study of thefermentation of ugba. A Nigerian indigenous fermented food flavor.J. Plt.Foods6, 155–163.
^Njoku, H. O., and Okemadu, C. P. (1989). Biochemical changes during the naturalfermentation of the African oil bean for the production of ugba.J. Sci. FoodAgric.49, 457–465. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.2740490408
^Achinewhu, S. C. (1982). Chemical and nutrient composition of fermentedproducts from plant foods.Nig. Food J.1, 115–117.
