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Novoye Chaplino
Novoye Chaplino (Russian: Новое Чаплино, Siberian Yupik: Ungaziq) is a village (selo) in Providensky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, in the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia. Population: 419 (2010 Census);[2] [3] Municipally, Novoye Chaplino is subordinated to Providensky Municipal District.[5] In 2010, a law was passed abolishing the municipal rural settlement of Novoye Chaplino. The village continues to exist, but is now municipally part of Providenia Urban Settlement.[5] HistoryOriginsThe village was founded in 1960,[9] although some sources state that it was founded in 1958[10] as a result of the merging of several nearby coastal villages into one. Villages such as Unazik (lit "Bewhiskered" in Yupik and formerly an important local whaling centre[9]), Kivak (lit. "Green Glade" in Yupik and the site of an ancient settlement several thousand years old[9]) and Plover,[10] as well as settlements from much further up the coast such as the now abandoned village of Naukan.[10] Post-Soviet historyNovoye Chaplino is a good example of how following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the outflow of Russian migrants allowed indigenous people to take up senior administrative posts in the local administration.[11] In a similar situation to other Chukotkan villages such as Markovo,[12] During Soviet times, about 25% of the population of the village were non-indigenous in-comers.[11] Despite being in the minority, they formed the majority of senior employees in areas such as the state farm, village administration and technical services.[11] In-comers also dominated senior positions at the school including the principal, boarding-school supervisore, administrative director, bookkeeper and 11 out of the 18 licensed teachers.[11] Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, indigenous people managed to gain more influence in their key local services. By 1995, in-comer departure was almost complete.[11] Whereas over 110 people out of a population of 460 were non-indigenous in 1986,[11] barely 30 remained nine years later, and those were mostly married to indigenous villagers.[11] Although the economic situation meant that a number of local industries had closed or had truncated staff numbers,[11] in the state farm, three-quarters of the top officials were indigenous people[11] and over two-thirds (of the admittedly smaller) school were either Chukchi or Yupik.[11] Recent historyOn September 10, 2010, a law was passed abolishing Novoye Chaplino and Sireniki at municipal level.[5] Novoye Chaplino as an entity continues to exist, but it is no longer a rural settlement on its own, but simply an inhabited locality within Provideniya urban settlement. The right of the village to local administration was removed[5] and such responsibilities were taken over by Provideniya municipal administration on January 1, 2011.[5] Provideniya municipal administration also took control of all municipal property, all municipal property rights and all local budgets on this date.[5] DemographicsThe population according to the most recent census data, prior to the abolition of the rural settlement was 419,[2] of whom 206 were male and 213 female.[3] This represents a significant increase on a 2008 estimate of about 330,[10] but is flat against a 2003 estimate of 422,[13] more than 90% of which were Chukchi or Siberian Yupik.[13] Culture and economy The village is populated mainly by Yupik, and whaling is the main source of employment in the area.[10] The Chaplino hot-springs are an important local attraction.[9] There are other springs near the former village of Kivak, but these are less popular due to their isolation.[9] ClimateNovoye Chaplino has a Tundra climate (ET)[14] because the warmest month has an average temperature between 0 °C (32 °F) and 10 °C (50 °F).
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