Népouite

Népouite
Népouite from the Népoui Mine, North Province, New Caledonia. Specimen size: 21 cm.
General
Category	Phyllosilicates Kaolinite-serpentine group
Formula (repeating unit)	Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4
IMA symbol	Npo[1]
Strunz classification	9.ED.15
Dana classification	71.1.2b.3
Crystal system	Orthorhombic
Crystal class	pyramidal (mm2) (same H-M symbol)
Space group	Ccm21 (no. 36)
Identification
Color	bright green (typical of nickel bearing silicates) to yellowish or brownish green, depending on nickel content
Crystal habit	generally massive, also fibrous and microscopic pseudohexagonal platy crystals
Cleavage	perfect on {001}
Mohs scale hardness	2 to 2+1⁄2
Luster	earthy to waxy, also pearly
Streak	greenish white
Diaphaneity	semitranslucent
Specific gravity	3.18 to 3.24 (measured)
Optical properties	biaxial (−)
Refractive index	nα = 1.600 – 1.630 nγ = 1.635 – 1.650
Birefringence	0.035
Pleochroism	weak. X = green to yellow green Z = yellow-green
References	[2][3][4]

Népouite is a rare nickel silicate mineral which has the apple green color typical of such compounds. It was named by the French mining engineer Edouard Glasser in 1907 after the place where it was first described (the type locality), the Népoui Mine, Népoui [fr], Poya Commune, North Province, New Caledonia.[5] The ideal formula is Ni₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄, but most specimens contain some magnesium, and (Ni,Mg)₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄ is more realistic. There is a similar mineral called lizardite (named after the Lizard Complex in Cornwall, England) in which all of the nickel is replaced by magnesium, formula Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄.[6] These two minerals form a series; intermediate compositions are possible, with varying proportions of nickel to magnesium.[7]

Pecoraite is another rare mineral with the same chemical formula as népouite, but a different structure; such minerals are said^[by whom?] to be dimorphs of each other, in the same way as graphite is a dimorph of diamond. Népouite, lizardite and pecoraite are all members of the kaolinite-serpentine group.[8]

Garnierite is a green nickel ore that formed as a result of weathering of ultramafic rocks, and that occurs in many^[quantify] nickel deposits^[example needed] worldwide. It is a mixture of various nickel and magnesium phyllosilicates, including népouite. Associated minerals include calcite, chlorite, goethite, halloysite, nontronite, pimelite, quartz, sepiolite, serpentine, talc and willemseite.

As well as the type locality in New Caledonia, it is present in Australia, Austria, the Czech Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Morocco,[9] Poland, Russia, South Africa and the United States.

Structure

Space group Ccm2₁. Unit cell: a = 5.31 Å, b = 9.19 Å, c = 14.50 Å

X-ray powder diffraction data

d spacing	7.31	4.55	3.63	2.89	2.50	2.31	2.20	1.53
relative intensity	10	5	9	6	7	4	4	6

See also

• Lizardite – Magnesium phyllosilicate mineral of the serpentine group (Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄)
• Pecoraite – Nickel phyllosilicate mineral of the serpentine group (Ni₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄)
• Antigorite – Magnesium-Fe phyllosilicate mineral of the serpentine group ((Mg,Fe^2+)₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄)

References

1. Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
2. http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/nepouite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy
3. http://www.mindat.org/min-2882.html Mindat.org
4. http://www.webmineral.com/data/Nepouite.shtml Webmineral data
5. M. E. Glaser (1907). "Note sur une espèce minérale nouvelle, la népouite, silicate hydraté de nickel et de magnésie. Bulletin de Minéralogie. Année 1907, 30 (1), pp. 17–28. – Sur le site de Persée" [Note on a new mineral species, népouite, hydrated silicate of nickel and magnesia. Bulletin de Minéralogie. Year 1907, 30 (1), pp. 17–28. – On the Persée website]. persee.fr (in French). Retrieved 28 November 2022.
6. "Lizardite-Népouite Series".
7. American Mineralogist (1975): 60: 863–871
8. Dana’s New Mineralogy, Eighth Edition, 1997, Gaines et al., Wiley.
9. Mineralogical Record 38-5, page 384