Millennium (Earth, Wind & Fire album)

Millennium
Millennium
Studio album by Earth, Wind & Fire
Released	September 14, 1993
Recorded	1992–1993
Studio	Sonic Lab, Capitol Studios and Andora Studios (Hollywood, California) Devonshire Sound Studios, Larrabee Sound Studios and Pacifique Studios (North Hollywood, California);
Genre	R&B; New jack swing; Funk; Minneapolis sound;
Length	63:55
Label	Reprise Records;
Producer	Maurice White Freddie Ravel; Frankie Blue; Bill Meyers;
Earth, Wind & Fire chronology
Singles from Heritage
	"Spend The Night"; Released: 1993; "Sunday Morning"; Released: 1993; "Two Hearts"; Released: 1993;

Millennium is the sixteenth studio album by American band Earth, Wind & Fire released in September 1993 on Warner Bros. Records.^[1] The album reached No. 8 on the US Billboard Top R&B Albums chart, No. 39 on the US Billboard 200, No. 18 on the Japanese Pop Albums chart and No. 29 on the Dutch Album Top 100.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] Millennium has also been certified Gold in Japan by the RIAJ.^[2]

Overview

Millennium marked the band's return after 21 years to Warner Bros. Records. The album was also produced by EWF's founder and leader Maurice White.^[1]

Artists such as Prince and Ronnie Laws appeared on the LP.^[1]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic	^[6]
Associated Press	(favourable)^[7]
Boston Globe	(favourable)^[8]
Buffalo News	^[9]
Orlando Sentinel	^[10]
Dayton Daily News	^[11]
Detroit Free Press	(favourable)^[12]
The Independent	(favourable)^[13]
Los Angeles Times	^[14]
Morning Call	(favourable)^[15]
USA Today	^[16]

With 4 out of 5 stars the Buffalo News commented "EW&F, one of the few groups that kept black popular music alive when disco ruled, has poured new life into a proven musical formula. Its latest project contains a plethora of kalimbas, blaring horns, and converging Afro-Cuban and Latin rhythms. Add the stratospheric voices of EW&F founder Maurice White, and star-lead vocalist Philip Bailey, and behold: a revamped re-creation of the message-laden, massaging tunes the band was known for in its heyday."^[9] Steven Wine of the Associated Press claimed "Millennium is EWF's best record since their artsistic peak in the 1970s, when such albums as Gratitude and That's the Way of the World deftly mixed R&B,funk and jazz."^[7] Tom Sinclair of Vibe proclaimed that EWF "demonstrate they still have the knack for constructing mellifluous R&B on the visonary/romantic tip".^[17]

Paul Willistein of The Morning Call wrote "There are more than half a dozen standouts among the disc's 16 tracks, making this a must have for longtime fans."^[15] Renee Graham of The Boston Globe noted that Millennium "returns the band to its funk/r&b roots".^[8] With a three out of four star rating James T. Jones IV of USA Today found that the band "returned to their trademark sound: snappy horns, kalimba (thumb piano), falsetto harmonies, Afro-Cuban influences, instrumental interludes and philosophical lyrics."^[16] Derek Ali of the Dayton Daily News gave a 3.5 out of 5 stars rating saying "With its Millennium album, Earth, Wind & Fire proves its one of those rare groups that can maintain a musical style for several decades while keeping pace with today's sounds".^[11] Gary Graff of the Detroit Free Press wrote "EWF returns to the joyous R&B that made it famous, landing smooth if not exactly landmark results."^[12] Andy Gill of The Independent stated "if it's an old-style R&B sensibility you're after, the new Earth, Wind & Fire album may be just the ticket."^[13]

The Buffalo News placed the album on its list of the best R&B/Hip-Hop albums of 1993.^[18] Millennium was also nominated for a Soul Train Music Award within the category of Best R&B/Soul Album - Group, Band or Duo.^[19]

Singles

The track "Sunday Morning", earned a Grammy nomination for Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group.^[20] Released as a single, it peaked at No. 10 on the Billboard Adult R&B Songs chart, No. 20 on the Hot R&B Singles chart and No. 35 on the Adult Contemporary chart.^[21]^[22]^[23]

The album cut "Spend the Night" reached Nos. 36 and 42 on the Billboard Adult R&B Songs and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts, respectively.^[24]^[25]

Covers

The Prince-penned track, "Super Hero", was covered by the New Power Generation featuring the Steeles for the soundtrack to the film Blankman.^[26]^[27]

Track listing

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
1.	"Even If You Wonder"	Nicky Brown, Jeffrey Cohen, Jon Lind, Maurice White	4:38
2.	"Sunday Morning"	Sheldon Reynolds, Maurice White, Allee Willis	4:39
3.	"Blood Brothers"	Nicky Brown, Jon Lind, Brock Walsh, Maurice White	5:23
4.	"Kalimba Interlude"	Maurice White	0:31
5.	"Spend The Night"	Dawn Thomas	4:24
6.	"Divine"	Philip Bailey, Ken Barken, Roxanne Seeman	4:33
7.	"Two Hearts"	Burt Bacharach, Philip Bailey, Maurice White	5:06
8.	"Honor The Magic"	Freddie Ravel, Maurice White	3:05
9.	"Love Is The Greatest Story"	Faye Freenberg, David Lawrence, Maurice White	4:38
10.	"The "L" Word""	Nicky Brown, Jon Lind, Maurice White, Allee Willis	4:34
11.	"Just Another Lonely Night"	Linda Stokes, Michael Stokes	4:38
12.	"Super Hero"	Prince	4:10
13.	"Wouldn't Change A Thing About You"	Philip Bailey, Frankie Blue	4:47
14.	"Love Across The Wire"	Philip Bailey, Thom Bell, Maurice White	3:34
15.	"Chicago (Chi-Town) Blues"	Nicky Brown, Jon Lind, Brock Walsh, Maurice White	4:58
16.	"Kalimba Blues"	Maurice White	0:35

Personnel

Earth, Wind & Fire

Philip Bailey – backing vocals (1–3, 5–7, 9–15), lead vocals (3, 6, 7, 11, 13, 14), vocals (8, 12)
Maurice White – kalimba, percussion, lead vocals (1–3, 5–7, 9–15), backing vocals (1–3, 5–7, 9–15), drum programming (2), synth horn arrangements (6, 7), vocals (8, 12), arrangements (8, 14), horn arrangements (12)
Sheldon Reynolds – keyboards, guitars, backing vocals (1–3, 5–7, 9–15), synth bass (1, 2), rhythm programming (1, 3, 5, 9, 13, 15), keyboard programming (2), synthesizer programming (2), drum programming (2, 10), additional programming (12), synthesizers (15)
Verdine White – bass guitar
Ralph Johnson – percussion
Andrew Woolfolk – saxophones
Gary Bias – saxophones
Reggie C. Young – trombone
Ray Brown – trumpet

Additional musicians

Nicky Brown – keyboards (1, 10), synthesizers (3, 15), rhythm arrangements (10)
Michael McKnight – synthesizer programming (1–3, 5–7, 9–15), rhythm programming (1, 3, 9, 15), keyboard programming (2), keyboards (7), synth bass (7, 14), drum programming (7, 14), synth horn arrangements (7), arrangements (14), synthesizers (15)
Bill Meyers – keyboards (4, 16), acoustic piano (5), synthesizers (5, 11, 12, 15), rhythm programming (5), horn arrangements (5, 10, 12, 15), synth horn and string arrangements (11), acoustic piano solo (13), synth bass (15)
Freddie Ravel – synthesizers (5, 8), breath synthesizer solo (5, 8), synthesizer arrangements (5), drums (8), percussion sound design (8), arrangements (8),
Don Wyatt – keyboards (6, 11, 14), synth bass (11)
Darnell Spencer – synthesizer programming (6), synth bass (6), drum programming (6), rhythm arrangements (6)
Rex Salas – keyboards (7), synthesizer programming (7), synth bass (7), drum programming (7), rhythm arrangements (7)
Burt Bacharach – additional keyboards (7)
Claude Gaudette – additional keyboards (7)
David Lawrence – keyboards (9), rhythm programming (9)
Prince – keyboards (12), drum programming (12), backing vocals (12), rhythm arrangements (12)
Frankie Blue – synthesizers (13), synthesizer programming (13), rhythm programming (13)
Brad Cole – synthesizers (13)
Thom Bell – keyboards)14)
Michael Thompson – guitars (1, 2, 5, 12, 14)
Jorge Strunz – acoustic guitar (8)
Dimitric Collins – drum programming (11, 14)
James "Timbali" Cornwell – percussion (1, 9)
Paulinho da Costa – percussion (2, 3, 5, 10, 13, 15), additional percussion (8)
Dan Higgins – saxophones (1, 9, 12)
Gerald Albright – saxophones (5, 7)
Larry Williams – saxophones (12)
Ronnie Laws – sax solo (15)
Bill Reichenbach Jr. – trombone (1, 9, 12)
Gary Grant – trumpet (1, 9, 12)
Jerry Hey – trumpet (1, 9, 12), horn arrangements (1, 9)
Michael "Patches" Stewart – trumpet (2, 3, 5, 10, 13, 15)
Tom "Tom Tom 84" Washington – horn arrangements (2, 13)

Strings (Tracks 3 & 5)

Tom Tom 84 – arrangements (3)
Bill Meyers – arrangements (5)
Bruce Dukov – concertmaster
Larry Corbett, Steve Erdody and Suzie Katayama – cello
Bob Becker, Roland Kato and Herschel Wise – viola
Ron Clark, Bruce Dukov, Henry Ferber, Armen Garabedian, Berj Garabedian, Endre Granat, Clayton Haslop, Peter Kent, Dimitrie Leivici, Sid Page, Barbra Porter and Haim Shtrum –

Production

Maurice White – producer (1–14, 16)
Freddie Ravel – producer (8)
Frankie Blue – producer (13)
Bill Meyers – producer (15)
Paul Klingberg – recording
Guy DeFazio – additional engineer
Ray Blair – assistant engineer
Mark Fergesen – assistant engineer
Judy Kirschner – assistant engineer
Keith Kresge – assistant engineer
Terry Reiff – assistant engineer
Lee Watters – assistant engineer
Mick Guzauski – mixing (1–3, 5, 7, 9–11, 13–15)
Vachik Aghanisntz – mixing (4, 8, 16)
Keith Cohen – mixing (6, 12)
Jeff Graham – mix assistant (1–3, 5, 7, 9–11, 13–15)
Anas Allaf – mix assistant (4, 8, 16)
Tommy Daugherty – mix assistant (6, 12)
Steve Hall – mastering at Future Disc (Hollywood, California)
Art Macnow – project supervisor
Richard Salvato – album coordinator
Reiko Yoshida – artwork coordinator
Kim Champagne – art direction
Tadanori Yokoo – illustration
Terushia Tajima – computer supervisor
Bob Cavallo – management

Charts

Album
Year	Chart	Position
1993	U.S. Billboard 200	39
	U.S. Billboard Top R&B Albums	8
	Japanese Pop Albums (Oricon)	18^[2]
	Dutch Albums (Dutch Album Top 100)	29^[3]
	Sweden Albums (Sverigetopplistan)	50^[28]

Singles
Year	Single	Chart	Position
1993	"Spend the Night"	Japanese Pop Singles (Oricon)	33^[2]
		U.S. Billboard Adult R&B Airplay	36
		U.S. Billboard Hot R&B Singles	42
	"Sunday Morning"	U.S. Billboard Hot R&B Singles	20^[23]
		U.S. Billboard Rhythmic Top 40	31^[29]
		U.S. Billboard Adult Contemporary Songs	35^[21]
		U.S. Billboard Adult R&B Songs	10^[30]
		Canada RPM Top Singles	33^[31]
		Dutch Singles (Dutch Single Top 100)	26^[32]
		Japanese Pop Singles (Oricon)	2^[2]
		U.S. Billboard Mainstream Top 40	34^[33]
		U.S. Billboard Hot 100	53
	"Blood Brothers"	Japanese Pop Singles (Oricon)	53^[2]
	"Two Hearts"	U.S. Billboard Hot R&B Singles	88

Certifications


Region	Certification	Certified units/sales
Japan (RIAJ)^[34]	Gold	100,000^{^}
^{^} Shipments figures based on certification alone.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium. Warner Bros. Records. September 1993.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Oricon Album Chart Book: Complete Edition 1970-2005. Roppongi, Tokyo: Oricon Entertainment. 2006. ISBN 4-87131-077-9.
^ ^a ^b "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium". dutchcharts.nl.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium (Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums)". Billboard.com.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium (Billboard 200)". Billboard.com.
^ Henderson, Alex. "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium". AllMusic.
^ ^a ^b Wine, Steven (December 25, 1993). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium (Reprise)". Associated Press. p. 25 – via newspapers.com.
^ ^a ^b Graham, Renee (October 21, 1993). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium (Reprise)". Boston Globe. p. 108 – via newspapers.com.
^ ^a ^b "In Brief". The Buffalo News. November 5, 1993.
^ Gettelman, Parry (October 22, 1993). "EARTH, WIND & FIRE". orlandosentinel.com. Orlando Sentinel.
^ ^a ^b Ali, Derek (October 8, 1993). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium". Dayton Daily News. p. 72 – via newspapers.com.
^ ^a ^b Graff, Gary (October 11, 1993). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium". Detroit Free Press. p. 43 – via newspapers.com.
^ ^a ^b Gill, Andy (September 16, 1993). "ALBUMS / Return of the vox Pop: Andy Gill on Iggy Pop and the week's new releases". The Independent. p. 31.
^ Johnson, Connie (November 14, 1993). "In Brief". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 21, 2023.
^ ^a ^b Willistein, Paul (December 4, 1993). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium". The Morning Call. p. 77.
^ ^a ^b Jones, James T. IV. (October 4, 1993). "Three '70s R&B acts bring grooves to '90s". USA Today. p. 04D. ProQuest 306599814.
^ Sinclair, Tom (September 1993). Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium. Vol. 1. Vibe Magazine.
^ Simon, Jeff (December 13, 1993). "FROM OUR CRITICS -- FROM YOUR HOLIDAY GIFT LISTS". The Buffalo News. p. 81.
^ Sandler, Adam (February 1, 1994). "Jackson, Braxton top Soul Train nominees". variety.com. Variety.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire". Grammy.com.
^ ^a ^b "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning (Adult Contemporary Songs)". Billboard.com.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning (Adult R&B Songs)". Billboard.com.
^ ^a ^b "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning (Hot R&B Songs)". Billboard.com.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: Spend The Night (Adult R&B Songs)". Billboard.com.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: Spend The Night (Hot R&B Songs)". Billboard.com.
^ "How Prince Became a 'Super Hero'". diffuser.fm.
^ "Blankman: Original Soundtrack". allmusic.com.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire". sverigetopplistan.se.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: (Rhythmic Songs)". Billboard.com.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning (Adult R&B Songs)". Billboard.com.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning (RPM Top Singles)". Bac-lac.gc.ca.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning". dutchcharts.nl. Dutch Charts.
^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: (Mainstream Top 40)". Billboard.com.
^ "Japanese album certifications – Earth, Wind and Fire – Millennium" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved July 2, 2020. Select 1995年4月 on the drop-down menu

[Album-1] Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium. Warner Bros. Records. September 1993.

[RIAJ-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Oricon Album Chart Book: Complete Edition 1970-2005. Roppongi, Tokyo: Oricon Entertainment. 2006. ISBN 4-87131-077-9.

[Earth,_Wind_&_Fire:_Millennium-3] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium". dutchcharts.nl.

[BBD-4] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium (Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums)". Billboard.com.

[BBD1-5] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium (Billboard 200)". Billboard.com.

[allmusic-6] Henderson, Alex. "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium". AllMusic.

[AssociatedPress-7] Wine, Steven (December 25, 1993). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium (Reprise)". Associated Press. p. 25 – via newspapers.com.

[BG-8] Graham, Renee (October 21, 1993). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium (Reprise)". Boston Globe. p. 108 – via newspapers.com.

[BuffaloNews-9] "In Brief". The Buffalo News. November 5, 1993.

[OS-10] Gettelman, Parry (October 22, 1993). "EARTH, WIND & FIRE". orlandosentinel.com. Orlando Sentinel.

[Dayton-11] Ali, Derek (October 8, 1993). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium". Dayton Daily News. p. 72 – via newspapers.com.

[Detroit-12] Graff, Gary (October 11, 1993). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium". Detroit Free Press. p. 43 – via newspapers.com.

[Independent-13] Gill, Andy (September 16, 1993). "ALBUMS / Return of the vox Pop: Andy Gill on Iggy Pop and the week's new releases". The Independent. p. 31.

[14] Johnson, Connie (November 14, 1993). "In Brief". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 21, 2023.

[MorningCall-15] Willistein, Paul (December 4, 1993). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium". The Morning Call. p. 77.

[UT-16] Jones, James T. IV. (October 4, 1993). "Three '70s R&B acts bring grooves to '90s". USA Today. p. 04D. ProQuest 306599814.

[17] Sinclair, Tom (September 1993). Earth, Wind & Fire: Millennium. Vol. 1. Vibe Magazine.

[18] Simon, Jeff (December 13, 1993). "FROM OUR CRITICS -- FROM YOUR HOLIDAY GIFT LISTS". The Buffalo News. p. 81.

[19] Sandler, Adam (February 1, 1994). "Jackson, Braxton top Soul Train nominees". variety.com. Variety.

[20] "Earth, Wind & Fire". Grammy.com.

[BBD2-21] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning (Adult Contemporary Songs)". Billboard.com.

[22] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning (Adult R&B Songs)". Billboard.com.

[BBD4-23] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning (Hot R&B Songs)". Billboard.com.

[24] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Spend The Night (Adult R&B Songs)". Billboard.com.

[25] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Spend The Night (Hot R&B Songs)". Billboard.com.

[26] "How Prince Became a 'Super Hero'". diffuser.fm.

[27] "Blankman: Original Soundtrack". allmusic.com.

[28] "Earth, Wind & Fire". sverigetopplistan.se.

[BBD5-29] "Earth, Wind & Fire: (Rhythmic Songs)". Billboard.com.

[BBD3-30] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning (Adult R&B Songs)". Billboard.com.

[RPM-31] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning (RPM Top Singles)". Bac-lac.gc.ca.

[32] "Earth, Wind & Fire: Sunday Morning". dutchcharts.nl. Dutch Charts.

[BBD6-33] "Earth, Wind & Fire: (Mainstream Top 40)". Billboard.com.

[JapanEarth,_Wind_and_FireMillenniumalbumCertRef-34] "Japanese album certifications – Earth, Wind and Fire – Millennium" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved July 2, 2020. Select 1995年4月 on the drop-down menu

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Millennium (Earth, Wind & Fire album)

Overview

Critical reception

Singles

Covers

Track listing

Personnel

Production

Charts

Certifications

References

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