Mechanics Monument

Mechanics Monument
The monument in 2014
Map
37°47′28″N 122°23′57″W / 37.7912°N 122.3992°W / 37.7912; -122.3992
LocationMarket, Bush, and Battery Streets in San Francisco, California, United States
DesignerDouglas Tilden
TypeSculpture
Material
Height21 feet (6.4 m)
Completion date30 March 1901

The Mechanics Monument, also known as The Mechanics, Mechanics Statue, or Mechanics Fountain since it originally featured as the centerpiece of a pool of water at the base during the first five years, is a bronze sculpture group by Douglas Tilden, located at the intersection of Market, Bush and Battery Streets in San Francisco, California, United States.[1][2][3]

History

Tilden was commissioned to create three major art works for a Market Street beautification project at the turn of the 20th century: the Admission Day Monument (Market and Montgomery Streets), California Volunteers (Market and Dolores Streets, but originally standing at Market and Van Ness Avenue), and this monument and fountain. It was originally to be called the Donahue Memorial Fountain for the bequest of $25,000 from businessman James Mervyn Donahue,[4] the son of the late Peter Donahue,[5] who had built his business, The Union Iron Works, into what would be the first foundry on the Pacific Coast of the United States. The will's executors argued for the Donahue name, saying "There are none of the Donahues left to keep alive the name. Mervyn saw how it would be after his death, and it was his idea that out of the wreck of the Donahue name this monument should last and keep alive the name."[6] The fountain was intended to be "beautiful in design and excellent in workmanship ... an ornament to San Francisco and a monument to the memory of Mervyn's father, Peter Donahue."[7]

I direct my executors, hereinafter named, to cause to be erected at the intersection of Market, Bush and Battery streets, in San Francisco, opposite First street, for the City, a public fountain dedicated to mechanics in memory of my father, at a cost of the sum of $25,000.

— J. Mervyn Donahue, Will of J. Mervyn Donahue[8][9]

Mervyn Donahue's widow sued to block the bequest in June 1896, arguing the bequest was "a charity" and objecting to the amount earmarked for a fountain, while the executors of the will successfully argued the heirs had already been paid sums far larger than the fountain bequest.[10] An earlier suit was decided in favor of the executors,[11] who had already announced an imminent public competition for the fountain's design.[12] Donahue's widow's case was decided for the executors of the will in August 1896,[13] clearing the way for the competition to begin. Peter McGlynn, one of the executors, stated "the design should come from an artist of California, and that the materials and workmanship should be Californian."[8]

Tilden was commissioned almost immediately on the basis of his prior work for Phelan, the Admission Day Monument.[14] For Tilden, this monument would be his most ambitious. His model was accepted in 1899.[15]

The Donahue Fountain was dedicated on May 15, 1901. Initial plans called for President McKinley to attend the dedication,[16] but Mayor Phelan caused a stir amongst the large crowd gathered for the dedication by announcing McKinley's trip to San Francisco had been cut short by Mrs. McKinley's illness, and the President was unable to attend. Phelan made a brief speech accepting the statue, which was then unveiled by Irving M. Scott, manager of the Union Iron Works.[17][18]

The monument following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake

President Theodore Roosevelt later visited the fountain on May 13, 1903, and spoke to a large crowd using the monument as a backdrop. His speech was entitled "Expansion and Trade Development and Protection of the Countries Newly Acquired Possessions."[19] When originally erected in 1901, it was the center of a fountain, but following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, the basin was eliminated.[20]

Design

1897 sketch of Tilden's initial design

A clay model was presented to the executors of Donahue's estate in January 1900, with initial plans calling for the monument to be a drinking fountain 40 feet (12 m) high surrounded by a basin 40 feet (12 m) in diameter, featuring 8-foot (2.4 m)-high figures.[5]

As originally completed, the bronze and granite monument was the centerpiece of a water basin. Five separate nude figures are operating a punching machine, which is acting on a piece of boiler plate. The monument was 21 feet (6.4 m) high and the basin was 40 feet (12 m) in circumference. The bronze figures were placed on the granite base in March 1901.[16] The underlying concept is "the five ages of man."[15] Carlo Moni and Nonette McGlashan were credited with assisting Tilden on Mechanics Monument.[21][22] The sculpture was derisively dubbed "Donahue's pump" soon after unveiling.[21]

See also

References

  1. ^ Kaprielian, Ulla. "Douglas Tilden". Guidelines. San Francisco City Guides. Archived from the original on September 19, 2016. Retrieved July 17, 2013.
  2. ^ Jones, Noa. "Douglas Tilden: Monument Sculptor". FoundSF. Shaping San Francisco. Retrieved July 17, 2013.
  3. ^ "Hidden Treasures". Market Street Association. Archived from the original on September 14, 2013. Retrieved July 17, 2013.
  4. ^ "The Donahue Estate". Healdsburg Enterprise. 19 March 1890. Retrieved 14 September 2017. For a public fountain on Market street, San Francisco, $25,000
  5. ^ a b "Monument to Mechanics". Santa Rosa Press-Democrat. 27 January 1900. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  6. ^ "Donahue's Gift: Plans Will Be Prepared for a Fountain". San Francisco Call. 10 June 1893. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  7. ^ "The Donahue Fountain". San Francisco Call. 28 September 1895. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  8. ^ a b "Cold Water for Thirsty Citizens: A Public Fountain in Memory of Pioneer Donahue". San Francisco Call. 2 August 1896. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  9. ^ "James Mervyn Donahue's Will". Daily Alta California. 12 March 1890. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  10. ^ "Depends on the Court". San Francisco Call. 14 July 1896. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  11. ^ "Donahue Fountain". San Francisco Call. 22 April 1896. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  12. ^ "The Donahue Fountain: May Surpass in Artistic Merit the Phelan Monument". San Francisco Call. 3 March 1896. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  13. ^ "Heirs Receive Their Portion". San Francisco Call. 2 August 1896. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  14. ^ "Suicide and Will Mysteries Crowd the Probate Court". San Francisco Call. 5 November 1897. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  15. ^ a b "Current News". Marin Journal. 29 June 1899. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  16. ^ a b "The Donahue Fountain Finished". Santa Rosa Press-Democrat. 30 March 1901. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  17. ^ "Short Ceremony: How the Big Donahue Fountain Was Unveiled". Santa Rosa Press Democrat. 16 May 1901. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  18. ^ "Phelan, for the City, Accepts Statuesque Donahue Fountain". San Francisco Call. 16 May 1901. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  19. ^ Anderson, R. Christian. "Nude, Muscled and Hard Working: The History of the Mechanics Monument". Reprint of May 24, 2001 article (with permission of the publisher). Bay Area Reporter. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 21, 2015.
  20. ^ Desmarais, Charles (5 August 2017). "Vaillancourt Fountain deserves respect — and water". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 11 September 2017.(subscription required)
  21. ^ a b Larsen, Hanna Astrup (20 October 1907). "Moni, the Right Hand of Local Sculptors". San Francisco Call. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  22. ^ "Sculptress is Wedded to School Principal". Sacramento Union. 19 April 1908. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
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