The Malaysian Trades Union Congress (MTUC; Malay: Kongres Kesatuan Sekerja Malaysia), is a national trade union centre in Malaysia. It was formed in 1949 and was originally known as the Malayan Trades Union Council. It then changed its name to the Malayan Trades Union Congress in 1958, and then to its current name with the formation of Malaysia.
It operates as a federation of hundreds of affiliated trade unions, officially registered under the Societies Act, 1955.
The inception of the MTUC transpired during a tumultuous period marked by the declaration of the First Emergency against insurgent communist activities.
A previous umbrella union body called the Pan Malayan Federation of Trade Unions had even been outlawed by the British colonial authorities and workers’ leaders such as SA Ganapathy and P Veerasenan were executed for alleged terrorist activity in May 1949.[1]
Soon after, labour leader PP Narayanan emerged as a founder of the National Union of Plantation Workers. This union proved highly successful, becoming one of the strongest in the region, and in 1950 he was elected as president of the MTUC, aged only 27. He went on to serve as MTUC president for a total of 15 years spread over three spells.[2]
Other notable MTUC leaders have included V David[3] and Zainal Rampak[4], both of whom were from the Transport Workers Union, Yeoh Teck Chye of the National Union of Bank Employees[5], Govindasamy Rajasekeran of the Malaysian Metal Industry Employees' Union [6] and Syed Shahir Syed Mohamud of the National Union of Transport Equipment & Allied Industries Workers.[7]
In addition to their MTUC posts, David was also a five-term MP, while Zainal Rampak and Syed Shahir served spells in Malaysia's upper house, the Dewan Negara.[8]
In 1990, a number of unions attempted to break away from the MTUC and formed the Malaysian Labour Organization as a rival umbrella body. However after seven years, the MLO decided to dissolve and its member unions rejoined the MTUC.[9]
Similarly in 2006, after Zainal was defeated by Syed Shahir in the contest for MTUC president, a group of five unions allied to Zainal and led by Abdul Razak Hassan of the Railwaymen’s Union of Malaysia attempted a split from the MTUC. They met with then HR Minister Fong Chan Onn, but the split did not materialise.[10]
Recent leadership disputes
In 2018, MTUC president Abdul Halim Mansor and secretary-general J Solomon traded barbs when supporting opposing coalitions in Malaysia’s general election.[11]
Solomon claimed that the Barisan National coalition was interfering in MTUC by getting Halim to endorse them, but at the same time, he urged members to vote for the rival Pakatan Harapan.
In September 2019, there was a tie in the election for MTUC president with Abdul Halim and Mohd Jafar Majid (National Union of Telekom Employees chief) ended up with the same number of votes. The leadership was paralysed until 2022 when Jafar sent a letter to the Registar of Societies to say he was pulling out of the race. leaving the president's post to Abdul Halim.[12]
In August 2023, the Shah Alam High Court declared the 2022 MTUC triennial delegates’ conference null and void for violation of several provisions in its constitution. After several months, the MTUC general council unanimously decided to retract its appeal over the matter, but MTUC secretary-general Kamarul Baharin Mansor admitted that the internal conflict has somewhat rendered the organisation powerless and weak.[13][14]
Industrial relations expert R. Nagiah said in the past, about 20% of the nation’s overall workforce were union members, but the number had plummeted to 6.2% by 2024.
On Feb 4, 2025 a group of MTUC officials announced that it had removed Mohd Effendy Abdul Ghani as its president.
It said he was no longer authorised to use, represent or attend any events or meetings organised by the union, and was also barred from contesting for any MTUC positions for the next two terms.
“Any statements issued by Effendy after this no longer represent MTUC,” claimed Dauzkaply Nor Ghazali said in a statement in which he named himself acting president.[15]
However Effendy claimed that the action to remove him was illegal.[16]
Working Committee office bearers
2022-2025
President:
Mohd Effendy Bin Abdul Ghani (UPCW)
Deputy President:
Matkar Bin Siwang (FIEU)
Secretary General:
Kamarul Baharin bin Mansor (NUMW)
Deputy Secretary General:
Mohd Khairi bin Man (EIWU)
Financial Secretary:
Wang Heng Suang (NUTP)
Deputy Financial Secretary:
Ng Choo Seong (ABOM)
Vice President (Private Sector):
Mohamad Dauzkaply Nor bin Ghazali (KEPAIM)
Shatiri bin Mansor (CANON OPTO)
Dzulkernain bin Hassan (KPPPTNB)
A. Balasubramaniam (UNEPASS)
Mohd Rais Hafizuddin bin Adnan (PERODUA)
Mohd Khairul bin Buyang @ Buang (KPPIT)
Michelle Cheow Yee Pin (Pentadbiran Insurans)
Vice President (Public Sector):
Aminuddin bin Awang (NUTP)
Norhayati Abdul Rashid (MNU)
Asman bin Mohd Nawawi (AUEGCAS)
Vice President (Statutory Body):
Alwi Shakir bin Abdullah (Kesatuan Pekerja-Pekerja Tourism Malaysia)
Basharuddin bin Harun (KKAPPUM)
Mazmir bin Mohd Amin (UMGSU)
Vice President (Women’s Committee):
Nasrifah Binti Sukarni (NUPCIW)
Vice President (Youth Chairman) :
Mohd Sazuan bin Abdul Hadi (Kesatuan Kakitangan PERKESO)