Maad Saloum (variations :Maad a Saloum, Mad Saloum, Maat Saloum, Bour Saloum, Bur Saloum, etc.) means king of Saloum,[1][2] in the Serer language.
The ancient Kingdom of Saloum now part of present-day Senegal was a pre-colonial Serer kingdom. Their kings bore the title Maad or Mad (also Maat though rarely used). The royal title was sometimes used interchangeably with that of their ancient kings and landed gentry, the lamanes.[3][4][5][6][7]
From 1493 to 1969 (the Guelowar period, the last maternal dynasty in Saloum), forty-nine kings were crowned Maad. Mbegan Ndour (many variations: Mbégan Ndour or Mbegani Ndour) was the first Serer king from the Guelowar maternal clan to have reigned in Saloum, beginning c. 1493.[8]Maad Saloum Fode N'Gouye Joof was the last king of Saloum. He reigned from 1935 to his death in 1969.[8][9]
^Dioum, Baïdy, La trajectoire de Léopold Sédar Senghor: du terroir à l'universel, p 33, Harmattan, 2010, ISBN2296120520
^Klein, Martin A., Islam and Imperialism in Senegal. Sine-Saloum, 1847-1914, Edinburgh University Press, 1968, p. 8
^Oliver, Roland, Fage, John Donnelly & Sanderson, G. N., The Cambridge History of Africa, Cambridge University Press, 1985, p. 214 ISBN0521228034
^Faal, Dawda, Peoples and empires of Senegambia: Senegambia in history, AD 1000-1900, Saul's Modern Printshop, 1991, p. 17
^Ajayi, F. Ade et Crowder, Michael, History of West Africa, vol. 1, Longman, 1985, p. 468 ISBN0582646839
^Galvan, Dennis C., The State Must be Our Master of Fire, University of California Press, 2004, p. 270 ISBN9780520235915
^Marcel Mahawa Diouf, Lances mâles : Léopold Sédar Senghor et les traditions sérères, Centre d'études linguistiques et historiques par tradition orale, Niamey, 1996, p. 54