List of tunnels in Australia
Outbound lanes of CityLink , inside the Burnley Tunnel , Melbourne 2010
This is a list of tunnels in Australia which includes any road , railway , waterway or other form of tunnel, anywhere in the country.
Australian Capital Territory
New South Wales
Name
Image
Locale
Carries
Type
Length[ 1]
Notes
m
ft
Airport railway line
Wolli Creek to Central
East Hills railway line
Rail
10,000
33,000
Bilson Tunnel
Kosciuszko National Park
Skitube
Rail
3,300
10,800
Blue Cow Tunnel
Kosciuszko National Park
Skitube
Rail
2,600
8,500
Ardglen Tunnel
Upper Hunter Shire
Main North Line
Rail
488
1,601
[ 2]
Airport Tunnel
Mascot
General Holmes Drive
Road
550
1,800
Two in-line dual tunnels that carry runways for Sydney Airport [ 3]
Avon Tunnel
Dombarton to Avon
Maldon – Dombarton railway line
Rail
4,000
13,000
A planned single track tunnel. Only a few metres at each end were evacuated. 150.7372°, -34.4451° [ 4]
Balmain Colliery
Below Sydney Harbour
Coal mine
Belmore Tunnel
Blue Mountains
Main Western line
Rail
Used by Zig Zag tourist railway on the Lithgow Zig Zag
Bethungra Spiral
Bethungra
Main South Line
Rail
205
673
Two tunnels
Border Tunnel
Richmond Valley
North Coast line
Rail
1,160
3,810
On the border between New South Wales and Queensland [ 5]
Box Vale tunnel
Mittagong
Box Vale rail line
unlined tunnel through final spur
Bullio Tunnel (Wombeyan Caves Rd Tunnel)
Nattai National Park
Wombeyan Caves Road
Road
22
72
Busby's Bore
From Centennial Parklands to Hyde Park
Sydney water supply
Water
3,600
11,800
Built from 1827 to 1837 and remains in limited use[ 6]
Bylong Rail Tunnel
Bylong
Sandy Hollow to Maryvale Line , No 3 of 5
Rail
1,975
6,480
At the time of its construction, it was the longest rail tunnel[citation needed ]
Boronia Tunnels
Cowan
Main North line
Rail
1,313
4,308
1-4 in use, 5 deviated; double track; longest tunnel is 602 metres (1,975 ft)
Bungendore - Queanbeyan rail
Bombala line
Rail
Brooks Bank tunnel and two Pine Range tunnels
Carcoar Tunnel
Carcoar
Blayney–Demondrille railway line
Rail
281
922
No longer in use
City Circle
Sydney central business district
Sydney underground railways
Rail
5,000
16,000
Estimate of tunnel length from Central to Circular Quay and return. Two tunnels
Clarence Tunnel
Clarence , Blue Mountains
Main Western line
Rail
493
1,617
Replaced by Ten Tunnels Deviation ; used by Zig Zag tourist railway
Colinton rail tunnel
Colinton
Bombala line
Rail
161
528
No longer in use
Cooks River Tunnel
Between Sydney Airport and Tempe
M5 Motorway
Road
Under Cooks River
Cougal Spiral
Richmond Valley
North Coast line
Rail
369
1,211
Two tunnels (See also Border Tunnel)
Cross City Tunnel
Sydney central business district
Cross City Tunnel
Road
2,100
6,900
Two tunnels[ 7]
Cudgen Road Tunnel
Tweed Valley
Pacific Motorway
Road
134
440
Twin tunnels; opened in 2002[ 8]
Devonshire Street Tunnel
Sydney central business district
Railway Square to Surry Hills
Pedestrian
300
980
[ 9]
Dorrigo railway line
Dorrigo
Dorrigo railway line
Rail
Two tunnels of unknown length between Glenreagh and Timber Top
Eastern Distributor Tunnel
Between Woolloomooloo and Surry Hills
Eastern Distributor
Road
1,700
5,600
Completed in 2000; tolled on exit, northbound only; unique 'piggyback' design with three lanes, northbound, stacked on top of three lanes, southbound[ 10] [ 11]
Eastern Suburbs railway line
Sydney
Eastern Suburbs railway line
Rail
Erskineville to Bondi Junction
Epping to Chatswood railway line
Sydney
Metro North West Line
Rail
13,000
43,000
Fernleigh Tunnel
Rail
Rail trail-cycleway
Gib tunnel
between Mittagong & Bowral
Main South line
Rail
516
1,693
Two tunnels; original single-track line now replaced; and one double-track line adjacent
Glenbrook Tunnel (1892)
Glenbrook
Main Western Line (since deviated)
Heritage
634
2,080
Glenbrook Tunnel (1913)
Between Lapstone and Glenbrook
Main Western line
Rail
283
928
Double-track line, in use
Glowworm Tunnel Rd Tunnel
Wollemi National Park
Glowworm Tunnel Road
Road
160
520
Helensburgh Tunnels including theHelensburgh Glow Worm , Lilyvale and Otford tunnels
Illawarra escarpment
Illawarra railway line
Rail
3,257
10,686
Seven disused tunnels; previous use between 1884 and 1920[ 12] [ 13] [ 14] plus Seven in use dual line tunnels plus one single tunnel
Kings Cross Tunnel
Kings Cross
Road
274
899
Lane Cove Tunnel
Lane Cove
M2 Motorway
Road
3,600
11,800
Long Island
Hawkesbury River station
Main North line
Rail
263
863
Two tunnels; one Disused single track tunnel used for storage and a Double track, in use, adjacent
Malaita Point
Katoomba
Rail
through post of a coal mine
Marrangaroo
Lithgow
Main Western line
Rail
974
3,196
Former single-track line; since deviated as double-track line, in use. Only double-track line length shown
Merewether Bluff
Merewether
Rail
Disused, Australia's first two railway tunnels, 1861 & 1862, privately operated[ 15]
M4 East Tunnel
Between Haberfield and Homebush
M4 Motorway
Road
5,500
18,000
Dual tunnels[ 16]
M4-M5 Link
Between Haberfield and St Peters
M4 /M5 /
Road
9,200
30,200
[ 16]
M5 East Tunnel
Between Beverly Hills and Arncliffe
M5 Motorway
Road
M8 Motorway
Between Beverly Hills and St Peters
M8 Motorway
Road
9,000
30,000
Moore Park Tunnel
Moore Park
CBD and South East Light Rail
Light rail
from Eastern Distributor to Anzac Parade
Mount Alexandra
Mittagong
Fitzroy Iron Works
short tunnel on horse drawn tramway replacement
Mount Rennie
Katoomba
Narrow Neck
Rail
395
1,296
Disused; previous use shale transport
Mullet Creek
Hawkesbury River station
Main North line
Rail
456
1,496
Double track, in use, from the Hawkesbury Bridge Platform and Jct (end Hawkesbury Bridge deviation)
New Main Tunnel
Picton
Main South line
Rail
183
600
Double track, in use, between Picton station and Redback tunnel
Newnes Glowworm Tunnel
Between Newnes and Lithgow
Newnes railway line
Rail
1,320
4,330
Rail use between 1907 and 1932; converted to pedestrian and tourism use[ 17]
NorthConnex
Between Pennant Hills and Wahroonga
Pacific Motorway /Hills Motorway
Road
9,000
30,000
Opened 31 October 2020[ 18]
Old Main Tunnel
Picton
Main South line
Rail
181
594
Disused; previous use between 1867 and 1919
Pyrmont and Glebe Railway Tunnels
Between Pyrmont and Glebe
Inner West Light Rail
Light rail
1,500
4,900
Two double-track tunnels; completed in 1922; estimated length[ 19]
Redbank Tunnel
Tahmoor
Main South line
Rail
181
594
Double-track, in use;[ 20] deviated, filled in[ 21]
Red Hill Tunnels
Coffs Harbour
North Coast line
Rail
955
3,133
Five tunnels, opened in 1922
St Helena Tunnel
Ewingsdale , near Byron Bay , Tweed Valley
Pacific Highway
Road
434
1,424
Opened 18 December 2015[ 22]
Stockrington
Maitland
Richmond Vale railway line
3 tunnels
Sydney Harbour Tunnel
Between Woolloomooloo and North Sydney under Sydney Harbour
Sydney Harbour Tunnel
Road
2,800
9,200
[ 23]
Sydney Harbour railway electricity tunnel
Between Birchgrove and Greenwich
Below Sydney Harbour
Power supply
540
1,760
Approximate distance[ 24] [ 25]
Sydney Metro Northwest
Between Bella Vista and Epping stations
Metro North West Line
Rail
15,500
50,900
Opened May 2019[ 26]
Sydney Metro City & Southwest
Between Chatswood and Sydenham stations in Sydney
Rail
15,500
50,900
Under construction [ 27]
Tank Stream tunnel
Between Hyde Park and Circular Quay ; Sydney central business district
Tank Stream
Storm water
700
2,300
Estimate of remnants of 1860s tunnel[ 28]
Ten Tunnels Deviation
Blue Mountains
Main Western line
Rail
2,822
9,259
Replaced the Lithgow Zig Zag ; ten tunnels of ranging in length from 70 to 825 metres (230 to 2,707 ft)[ 29]
Tickhole Tunnel
Between Cardiff and Kotara stations;Newcastle
Main North line
Rail
370
1,210
Dual tunnels ranging in length from 165 to 205 metres (541 to 673 ft)[ 30] [ 31] [ 32] [ 33]
Tugun Bypass Tunnel
Tweed Heads
Gold Coast Airport
Road
334
1,096
[ 34]
Upper Nepean Scheme
Campbelltown
Water
Two tunnels
Woy Woy Tunnel
Between Wondabyne and Woy Woy stations
Main North line
Rail
1,690
5,544
Opened 15 August 1887; double track[ 35]
Wynyard Walk
Sydney central business district
Wynyard
Pedestrian
180
590
[ 36]
Queensland
Name
Image
Locale
Carries
Type
Length
Notes
m
ft
Airport Link
Between Bowen Hills and Toombul ;Brisbane
Airport Link
Road
6,700
22,000
Australia's longest road tunnel (at the time)[ 37]
Boolboonda Tunnel
Mount Perry Boolboonda , Bundaberg Region
Bundaberg to Mount Perry railway line
Rail heritage
192
630
[ 38]
Border Tunnel
Richmond Gap, connecting New South Wales and Queensland
NSW North Coast line
Rail
1,600
5,200
On the border between New South Wales and Queensland (see New South Wales section above)
Cherry Gully Tunnel
Southern Downs Region
Warwick - Stanthorpe Line
Rail
272
892
Comprises two single-track tunnels[ 39]
Clem Jones Tunnel
Between Woolloongabba and Bowen Hills , Brisbane
Clem Jones Tunnel
Road
4,800
15,700
Two parallel tubes under the Brisbane River [ 40]
Cross River Rail
From Dutton Park rail to Boggo Road busway stations in Brisbane
Rail
5,900
19,400
Two bored tunnels under construction with one complete in 2021 but not operational[ 41]
Dalveen Tunnel
Dalveen , Southern Downs Region
Warwick to Wallangarra railway line
Rail
140
460
single line rail tunnel[ 42]
Dularcha Railway Tunnel
Mooloolah , Sunshine Coast Region
North Coast line
Rail
100
330
Disused line[ 43]
Eastern Busway
Dutton Park , Brisbane
Annerley Road
Road, busway
640
2,100
Built under Boggo Road Gaol [ 44]
George Bridges Tunnel
Nundah , Brisbane
Sandgate Road
Road
285
935
[ 45]
Inner City Bypass tunnel
Breakfast Creek , Brisbane
Inner City Bypass
Road
350
1,150
[ 46]
Lahey's Canungra Tramway Tunnel
Canungra , Gold Coast
Pedestrians only
Rail heritage
91
299
c. 1900 [ 47]
Legacy Way
Toowong and Kelvin Grove , Brisbane
Linking the Western Freeway with the Inner City Bypass
Road
4,600
15,100
Two bored tunnels carrying two motorway grade lanes of traffic in each direction[ 48]
Leopard Street Tunnel
Brisbane
Stormwater
c. 1890
Main Range tunnels
Main Range
Main Line
Rail
886
2,907
A series of nine single-track or double-track tunnels that date from c. 1866
Many Peaks - Monto loop line
Boyne Valley
Gladstone to Monto railway line
Rail heritage
730
2,400
Six tunnels on a disused railway line
Muntapa rail tunnel
Cooyar , Toowoomba Region
Cooyar railway line
Rail heritage
280
920
[ 49]
Victoria Tunnel
Grandchester
Main Line
Rail
537
1,762
[ 50]
Yimbun Railway Tunnel
Harlin , Somerset Region
Brisbane Valley railway line
Rail
100
330
Completed in 1910; line closed in 1993[ 51]
South Australia
Name
Image
Locale
Carries
Type
Length
Notes
m
ft
Ambleside Tunnel
Verdun
Main South Line
Rail
172
564
[ 52] Tunnel 9[ 53]
Barossa Reservoir supply tunnel
Williamstown
Between South Para River and South Para Reservoir
Water
2,000
6,600
Clarendon Weir to Happy Valley Reservoir Tunnel
south of Adelaide city centre
Water
5,000
16,000
[ 54]
Dowds Hill Tunnel
East of Peterborough
Crystal Brook-Broken Hill railway line under Wilmington–Ucolta Road
Rail
95
312
[ 55]
Echo Tunnel
Belair National Park , Belair
Footpath and creek under Main South Line
Pedestrian
Eden Hills Tunnels
Eden Hills
Belair railway line
Rail
156
512
Tunnel 3 constructed 1880s[ 56]
Main South Line
156
512
1920[ 57]
Former Coromandel Tunnel
Blackwood
Main South Line
Rail
Tunnel 4, converted to a cutting and bridge when track duplicated 1920[ 53]
Former Pinera Tunnel
Belair
Main South Line
Rail
Tunnel 5, converted to a cutting and bridge when track duplicated 1920[ 53]
Former Sleeps Hill Tunnels
Panorama
Previous alignment of Main South Line
Rail
170
560
Tunnels 1 and 2, 1880s–1920[ 58] [ 59]
360
1,180
Heysen Tunnels
Mount Lofty Ranges
South Eastern Freeway
Road
500
1,600
[ 60]
Long Gully Tunnel
Belair
Main South Line
Rail
304
997
[ 56] Tunnel 7[ 53]
Murray Bridge Tunnel
Murray Bridge
Main South Line
Rail
80
260
[ 61]
National Park Tunnel
Belair
Main South Line
Rail
193
633
[ 56] Tunnel 6[ 53]
O-Bahn Busway City access tunnel
Adelaide Park Lands
670
2,200
Opened 2017[ 62]
Sleeps Hill Tunnel
Panorama
Main South Line
Rail
738
2,421
[ 56] Replaced Tunnels 1 and 2 in 1920
Tod River Reservoir works
Water
Torrens Gorge Tunnel
Water
Upper Sturt Tunnel
Upper Sturt
Main South Line
Rail
199
653
[ 52] Tunnel 8[ 53]
Tasmania
Victoria
Name
Image
Locale
Carries
Type
Length
Notes
m
ft
Big Hill Tunnel
Bendigo
Deniliquin railway line
Rail
390
1,280
Bunbury Street Tunnel
Footscray , Melbourne
Rail
420
1,380
Both Broad Gauge and Standard Gauge entering and leaving Melbourne
Burnley Tunnel
Richmond , Melbourne
CityLink / Monash Freeway
Road
3,400
11,200
City Loop Tunnels
La Trobe and Spring Streets, Melbourne
Melbourne Underground Rail Loop
Rail
12,000
39,000
Comprises:
Domain Tunnel
Richmond, Melbourne
CityLink / Monash Freeway
Road
1,600
5,200
Elphinstone Tunnel
Deniliquin railway line
Rail
385
1,263
Built double track, singled later
Geelong Tunnel
Geelong
Port Fairy railway line
Rail
422
1,385
Exit from Geelong to West coast railway line
Melba Tunnel
Mitcham , Melbourne
Eastern Freeway to EastLink Ringwood
Road
1,600
5,200
Metro Tunnel
South Yarra to
Kensington via
Melbourne CBD
Cranbourne line Sunbury line Pakenham line
Rail
9,000
5,600
Once opened in 2025 the tunnel will cary the Pakenham, Cranbourne and Sunbury lines.[ 64]
Mullum Mullum Tunnel
Mitcham, Melbourne
Eastern Freeway to EastLink Ringwood
Road
1,600
5,200
Rosanna Tunnel
Rosanna , Melbourne
Hurstbridge railway line
Rail
65
213
West Richmond Tunnel
Richmond , Melbourne
Hurstbridge railway line
Rail
115
377
Jolimont Tunnel
East Melbourne , Melbourne
Hurstbridge railway line
Rail
149
489
Spotswood sewer tunnel
Fishermans Bend and Spotswood ; Melbourne
Under Yarra River connecting Hobsons Bay Main with former Spotswood Sewerage Pumping Station
Sewer
200
660
Continues in use as part of Melbourne's Sewerage system
West Gate Tunnel
Spotswood and Fishermans Bend; Melbourne
West Gate Bridge
Road
3,000
9,800
Proposed as part of the Western Distributor , construction commenced in 2018 [ 65]
Western Australia
Name
Image
Locale
Address/Facility
Type
Length
Notes
m
ft
Airport line tunnel
Bayswater , Redcliffe , Perth Airport , High Wycombe
Perth
Rail
8,000
26,000
Twin bored tunnels, part of the Airport line [ 66]
Canning Tunnel
Canning Dam to Perth
Darling Scarp
Water supply
5,600
18,400
[ 67]
Northbridge Tunnel
Northbridge
Perth
Road
1,600
5,200
Swan View Tunnel
Swan View
Perth; John Forrest National Park
Rail
262
860
Closed and now converted to a rail trail [ 68]
William Street Tunnel
Perth railway station to Elizabeth Quay railway station
Perth
Rail
700
2,300
Twin bored tunnels that were built as part of the New MetroRail City Project,[ 69] used by Yanchep and Mandurah line services
Wungong Tunnel
Wungong Dam to Perth
Darling Scarp
Water supply
3,700
12,100
See also
References
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^ "Rhyndaston Tunnel" . Structurae.net . Nicolas Janberg. 2017. Retrieved 16 September 2017 .
^ "Benefits for your train line" . Victoria’s Big Build . 28 July 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023 .
^ "West Gate Tunnel Project Western Distributor Reference design released" . West Gate Tunnel Project . Government of Victoria. 2017. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 15 September 2017 .
^ "Why underground?" . Forrestfield-Airport Link . Retrieved 6 August 2022 .
^ "Water Tunnel Under Range". The West Australian . 5 August 1972.
^ "The Only Railway Tunnel In The State" . Western Mail . National Library of Australia . 23 May 1903. p. 32. Retrieved 16 September 2017 .
^ "Australia, Perth - au/23" . www.tunnelbuilder.com . 2017. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 16 September 2017 .
^ Bayley, William A. (1974). Tunnels on Australian Railways . Ausrail Publications. ISBN 0-909597-16-2 .
^ https://www.nla.gov.au/collections/guide-selected-collections/bayley-collection [bare URL ]
External links