List of prisoners of Theresienstadt

This article lists some notable people who were imprisoned at Theresienstadt Ghetto.

Notable prisoners who died at the camp

• Esther Adolphine, sister of Sigmund Freud (died 29 September 1942)
• Alice Archenhold and Hilde Archenhold, wife and daughter of astronomer Friedrich Simon Archenhold[1]
• Eugen Burg, German film actor (died 17 April 1944)
• Paul Nikolaus Cossmann, editor of the conservative Süddeutsche Monatshefte (died 19 October 1942)
• Ludwig Chodziesner, German lawyer and father of poet Gertrud Kolmar (died February 1943)
• Ludwig Czech, chairman of the German Social Democratic Party in pre-war Czechoslovakia and former Czechoslovak minister of Social Care, Public Affairs and Public Health (died 20 August 1942)
• Robert Desnos, French Surrealist poet (died 8 June 1945)
• Oskar Fischer, physician (died of a heart attack on 28 February 1942)
• Alfred Flatow, German Olympic gymnast, 1896 Olympics gold medallist (died 28 December 1942)[2]
• Gabriel Frankl (born in Pohořelice in 1861), father of Viktor Frankl (died 13 February 1943, from pneumonia and starvation).
• Gisela Januszewska, physician (died 2 March 1943)
• Rudolf Karel, Czech composer (died 6 March 1945)
• Emil Kolben, Czech industrialist (founder of ČKD), one of the founders of industrial use of electricity (died 3 September 1943)
• Clementine Krämer, writer and social worker (died 4 November 1942)
• Gretchen Metzger (née Guldmann), mother of Otto Metzger (died 28 February 1943)[3]
• Friedrich Münzer, German classical scholar (died 20 October 1942)
• Margarethe "Trude" Neumann (born 1893), daughter of Theodor Herzl (died 1943)
• Auguste van Pels [de], German Jewish refugee who lived in the Secret Annex with Anne Frank. (It is believed that she died during an evacuation transport of prisoners from Raguhn, a subcamp of Buchenwald to Theresienstadt), (died April 1945)[4]
• Georg Alexander Pick, Austrian mathematician, creator of Pick's theorem (died 26 July 1942 after two weeks' imprisonment)[5]
• Ludwig Pick, German pathologist after whom Niemann-Pick disease and Lubarsch-Pick syndrome are named (died 3 February 1944)
• Samuel Schallinger, Austrian businessman, co-owner of the Imperial and the Bristol hotels in Vienna (died 1942)[6]
• Margarete Schiff, daughter of psychotherapist Josef Breuer (died 9 September 1942)^[citation needed]
• Zikmund Schul, composer (died 2 June 1944)
• Amalie Seckbach [de] (née Buch), a noted painter and sculptor (died 10 August 1944)[7]
• Mathilde Sussin, actress (died 2 August 1943)
• Alfred Tauber, Austrian and Slovak mathematician (died 26 July 1942)
• Ernestine Taube, mother of pianist/composer Artur Schnabel, remained in Vienna after the Anschluss and at the age of 83, in August 1942, was deported to Theresienstadt concentration camp, where she died two months later.
• Josefine Winter, daughter of Helene and Rudolf Auspitz

Notable survivors

• H. G. Adler, German-speaking writer and scholar
• Karel Ančerl, Czech conductor
• Inge Auerbacher, author of 6 books (including three memoirs about her experiences in Terezin and recovering after the war), and the subject of a new play, The Star on My Heart (November 2015)
• Yehuda Bacon, Israeli artist
• Leo Baeck, German rabbi
• Aviva Bar-On has lived in Israel since 1949. She is known to have sung in 2018, during a concert celebrating Independence Day in Jerusalem, one of the poet Ilse Weber's songs that was transmitted to her orally and her memory was the only record.[8]
• Elsa Bernstein, Austrian-German playwright
• Ilse Blumenthal-Weiss, German poet[9]
• Ellen Burka, Dutch-Canadian figure skater and coach
• Bela Dekany, Hungarian Jewish-born renowned British violinist and leader of the BBC Symphony Orchestra
• Arthur Eichengrün, German chemist who invented anti-gonorrhoea drug Protargol
• Kurt Epstein, Czech Olympic water polo competitor
• Emil František Burian, Czech communist playwright, actor, composer and writer
• Viktor Frankl, Austrian neurologist and psychologist
• Jaro Fürth, Austrian actor
• Petr Ginz, Czech child prodigy writer, died in Auschwitz in 1944
• Richard Glazar and Karel Unger, they were subsequently transferred to Treblinka, from which they ultimately escaped
• Michael Gruenbaum, writer
• Alena Hájková, Czech historian and resistance fighter
• Alice Herz-Sommer, Czech pianist; the focus of the documentary The Lady in Number 6. Died at 110 years old on 23 February 2014, oldest known survivor of the Holocaust.[10]
• Fredy Hirsch, deputy leader of the children at Theresienstadt, deported 8 September 1943 to Auschwitz and died 8 March 1944
• Milada Horáková, Czech politician
• Berthold Jeiteles, scientist, Talmudic scholar, and descendant of notable Prague family[11]
• Ivan Klíma, Czech novelist
• Egon Lánský, Czech journalist and politician of Slovak origin
• Gidon Lev, Czech-born Israeli TikTok star and Holocaust educator
• Arnošt Lustig, Czech novelist
• Paul Mahrer, professional soccer player (died 1984)
• Ferdinand Münz (1888-1969), chemist. The inventor of EDTA.
• Oskar Neumann, Czech lawyer and former president of the Slovak Jewish Council[12]
• Arnošt Reiser, professor of chemistry, author and inventor[13]
• Zuzana Růžičková, Czech harpsichordist
• Jo Spier, illustrator
• Peter Spier, Author and illustrator of children's books
• Sam Swaap, Dutch violinist and conductor
• Emil Utitz, German-language academic
• Ronald Waterman[14]
• Ela Weissberger, the Cat in Brundibár (performed in schools around the world in memory of the children who did not survive)

References

1. Herrmann D.B. (2014). "Archenhold, Friedrich Simon". In Hockey T.; et al. (eds.). Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York, NY: Springer. Bibcode:2014bea..book.....H. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9917-7. ISBN 978-1-4419-9917-7. S2CID 242158697.; Herrmann, Dieter B. (2014). "Archenhold, Friedrich Simon". Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. pp. 96–97. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9917-7_66. ISBN 978-1-4419-9916-0.
2. "Jews in Sports: Jewish Olympic Medalists". Jewish Virtual Library.
3. "Gretchen Metzger". Stolpersteine in Nuremberg (in German). Geschichte Für Alle e.V. - Institut für Regionalgeschichte. Retrieved 2023-07-09.
4. "Auguste van Pels". anne frank house. Anne Frank Stichting. 2018-09-25.
5. O'Connor, JJ & Robertson, EF (August 2005). "Georg Alexander Pick". www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk. Scotland: University of St Andrews. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
6. Erlanger, Steven (7 March 2002). "Vienna Skewered as a Nazi-Era Pillager of Its Jews". The New York Times.
7. Pnina Rosenberg. "Amalie Seckbach (1870–1944) Biography". Learning about the Holocaust through Art.
8. Flynn, Meagan (April 17, 2018). "How thousands of songs composed in concentration camps are finding new life". The Washington Post. Washington. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
9. "Guide to the Papers of Ilse Blumenthal-Weiss". Leo Baeck Institute. 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
10. Mark Memmott (24 February 2014). "Oldest-Known Holocaust Survivor Dies; Pianist was 110". NPR. Retrieved 2 March 2014.
11. "Guide to the Papers of Berthold Jeiteles". Retrieved 10 October 2014.
12. "Jewish Leaders in Czechoslovakia Found Alive, 'Stolyner Rebbe' Murdered by Nazis". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 27 May 1945.
13. "Arnošt Reiser: Survivor, Émigré, Author, Groundbreaking Chemist". Poly. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
14. Visser, Ellen de (2021-05-03). "Ronald Waterman spreekt na tientallen jaren toch over de oorlog: 'Ik moet getuigen omwille van alle mensen die zijn omgekomen'". de Volkskrant (in Dutch). Retrieved 2021-05-04.