List of massacres in Bangladesh

The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Bangladesh (numbers may be approximate):

Name Date Location Deaths Notes
1971 Bangladesh genocide starting 25 March 1971 – 16 December 1971 Various places in Bangladesh 200,000–3,000,000
1971 Dhaka University massacre 25 March 1971 University of Dhaka 310+
1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals 25 March-14 December 1971 1,111[1]
Shankharipara massacre 26 March 1971 Shankaripara, Dhaka estimated 8,000
Ramna massacre 27 March 1971 Ramna Kali Temple, Ramna, Dhaka 250
Sutrapur massacre 27 March 1971 Sutrapur, Dhaka 15
Santahar massacre 27 March - 17 April 1971 Santahar, Bogra District 1000+
Jinjira massacre 1 April 1971 across the Buriganga River from Dhaka 1000+
Akhira massacre 17 April 1971 Baraihat, Dinajpur 93–125
Jathibhanga massacre 21 April 1971 Jathibhanga, Thakurgaon 3,000-3,500
Sree Angan massacre 23 April 1971 Sree Angan, Faridpur 8
Karai Kadipur massacre 26 April 1971 Karai Kadipur, Joypurhat 370
Kaliganj massacre 27 April 1971 Kaliganj, Rangpur 400
Ishangopalpur massacre 2 May 1971 Ishangopalpur, Faridpur 28
Muzaffarabad massacre 3 May 1971 Patiya, Chittagong more than 300
Naria massacre 5 May 1971 Naria, Sylhet 28
Gopalpur massacre 5 May 1971 Lalpur Upazila, Natore 195
Demra massacre 13 May 1971 Demra, Pabna District more than 900
Satanikhil massacre 14 May 1971 Kewar, Dhaka district 14
Baria massacre 14 May 1971 Baria, Dhaka district 200
Ketnar Bil massacre 15 May 1971 Ketnar Bil, Barisal more than 500
Char Bhadrasan massacre ? 1971 Char Bhadrasan, Faridpur 50–60
Hasamdia massacre 16 May 1971 Boalmari, Faridpur 33
Sendia massacre 20 May 1971 Sendia, Faridpur 127
Chuknagar massacre 20 May 1971 Khulna 8,000-10,000
Galimpur massacre 20 May 1971 Galimpur, Sylhet 33
Dakra massacre 21 May 1971 Dakra, Khulna more than 2,000
Madhyapara massacre 22 May 1971 Palong, Faridpur 370
Bhimnali massacre 22 May 1971 Bhimnali, Barisal 15
Bakhrabad massacre 24 May 1971 Bakhrabad, Comilla 142
Burunga massacre 26 May 1971 Burunga, Sylhet 71–94
Bagbati massacre 27 May 1971 Bagbati, Pabna more than 200
Barguna massacre 29–30 May 1971 Barguna sub-divisional jail, Patuakhali more than 100
Daldalia massacre[2][3] 2 June 1971 Daldalia, Rangpur 20 Murder 20 of unarmed Bengali Hindus by the Pakistan Army and Bihari Muslims
Golaghat massacre 13 June 1971 Golaghat, Nilphamari 437
Adityapur massacre 14 June 1971 Adiyapur, Sylhet 63
Makalkandi massacre 18 August 1971 Habiganj, Sylhet more than 100
Pomara massacre 14 September 1971 Pomara, Chittagong 13
Krishnapur massacre 18 September 1971 Krishnapur, Sylhet 127
Suryamani massacre 7 October 1971 Suryamani, Barisal 24
Shankharikathi massacre 4 November 1971 Shankharikathi, Khulna 42
1974 Ramna massacre 17 March 1974 Ramna, Dhaka 40–50
Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman 15 August 1975 Dhaka 36 President Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was assassinated
1977 Bangladesh mass executions 9 October – November 1977 Bangladesh 1,143 The government of Ziaur Rahman carried out mass executions of military personnel, following a series of attempted coups in Bangladesh.According to official records, 1,143 members of the Bangladesh armed forces were hanged in two months
Bhushanchhara massacre 31 May 1984 Bhushanchhara, Barkal Upazila, Rangamati 400
1988 Chittagong massacre 24 January 1988 Lal dighi, Chittagong 370
Logang massacre 10 April 1992 Logang village, Khagrachari District Unknown
1999 Jessore bombings 6 March 1999 Jessore 10
1999 Khulna mosque bombing 8 October 1999 Khulna 8
2000 Chittagong massacre 14 July 2000 Chittagong 8 [4][5]
2001 Ramna Batamul bombings 14 April 2001 Ramna Park in Dhaka 9
2001 Gopalganj Roman Catholic church bombing 1 June 2001 Roman Catholic church in Gopalganj 10
Mymensingh cinema bombings 6 December 2002 Mymensingh 27
2003 Tangail shrine bombing 17 January 2003 Tangail 7 Two bombs exploded in Fair, 20 wounded
Banshkhali carnage 18 November 2003 Sheelpara, Sadhonpur village, Banshkhali Upazila, Chittagong District 11 Some individuals set fire to the house of Tejendra Lal Sheel using gunpowder killing 11 members of family including six children
2004 Dhaka grenade attack 21 August 2004 Bangabandhu Avenue, Dhaka 24 13 grenades were thrown into a crowd at an anti-terrorism rally organized by the Awami League.
2005 November Bangladesh court bombing 29 November 2005 Gazipur and Chittagong 8 Series of simultaneous suicide bombing of courts in Chittagong and Gazipur is carried out by Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh, killed 8 people and injured over 100
2005 Netrokona bombing 8 December 2005 Netrokona 8 A suicide bombing in Netrokona results in the deaths of eight people
Bangladesh Rifles revolt 25 February — 2 March 2009 Pilkhana, Dhaka 74 Soldiers of border security force Bangladesh Rifles (BDR) mutiny and take the commanding army officers and their families hostages at the force's headquarters in Pilkhana, Dhaka. 57 army officers are killed along with 17 civilians by the mutineers
Chuddogram bus bombing 3 February 2015 Chuddogram town 7 Anti-government protesters firebomb a bus full of sleeping passengers, leaving seven people dead[6]
2016 Dhaka attack 1 June 2016 Holey Artisan Bakery, Gulshan Thana, Dhaka 29 Gunmen attacked a restaurant popular with foreigners in the wealthy Gulshan Thana area
2017 South Surma Upazila bombings 25 March 2017 South Surma Upazila, Sylhet 11 (including 4 suicide bombers) A suicide bombing killed four civilians, two police officers and wounded around 40 during a security forces raid on a suspected terrorist hideout in South Surma Upazila. ISIL claimed responsibility. Four militants were also killed
July massacre 16 July – 5 August 2024 Bangladesh 700-1000 Mass killings of protesters during quota protests and non-cooperation movement from July 16 to August 5, 2024, carried out by various law enforcement agencies under Hasina administration and affaialed groups of Bangladesh Awami League such as the Chhatra League

Perpetrators and impact

See also: Persecution of Buddhists in Bangladesh, Persecution of Hindus in Bangladesh, Malaun, Persecution of Christians in Bangladesh, Bangladesh Genocide, and Persecution of non-muslims in Bangladesh

During the Bangladesh genocide in Bangladesh Liberation War, the Pakistani Military[7] and several militia organizations created by the Pakistani military violated Geneva Conventions of War by participating in numerous massacres of civilians,[8][9][10][11] committed genocide of between 300,000 to 3 million civilians,[7][12] operated concentration camps,[13] and used rape as weapon of war[14][15] against Bengali Muslims, Hindus and Buddhists minorities. Active collaborators of Pakistan Military in perpetratuation of genocide and ethnic cleansing in Bangladesh include the Al Badr,[16][17] Al Sham,[18] East Pakistan Central Peace Committee,[19] Razakars,[20] Muslim League,[21] Jamaat-e-Islami,[21] and the Urdu-speaking Biharis.[21]

The impact is drastic. Since 1951, Hindu population decreased by 15.1% in 71 years, and during the same period Muslim population increased by exactly by the same 15.1% (76% to 91.1%). Percentage of Hindus declined more than two third (over 67% drop) in 71 years, i.e. from 22% of total population of Bangladesh in 1951 to 13.5% in 1974 (8.5% decrease in 20 years),[22] and then drop again to 6.9% in 2022 (further 1.6% decrease).[23]

See also

References

  1. ^ Khan, Muazzam Hussain (2012). "Killing of Intellectuals". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 26 May 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
  2. ^ "গাইবান্ধার দলদলিয়া গণহত্যার শোকাবহ দিন আজ". bizbdnews.com (in Bengali). 31 May 2012. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
  3. ^ Modak, Gautam Chandra (2 June 2012). "আজ দলদলিয়া গণহত্যার শোকাবহ দিন: স্বাধীনতার ৪১ বছরেও ২০ শহীদের খোঁজ নেয়নি জাতি". abnews24.com (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 2013-10-26. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
  4. ^ "4 Shibir men to die for Ctg massacre in 2000". The Daily Star. 2008-03-28. Retrieved 2024-09-25.
  5. ^ "Verdict in Ctg 8-murder case today". The Daily Star. 2008-03-27. Retrieved 2024-09-25.
  6. ^ "Bangladesh unrest: Seven burnt to death, several injured after bus firebombed". ABC News. 3 February 2015. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
  7. ^ a b "Bangladesh war: The article that changed history". BBC News. 25 March 2010.
  8. ^ "Forkan Razakar's verdict any day". Dhaka Tribune. 14 June 2015.
  9. ^ "Why is the mass sexualized violence of Bangladesh's Liberation War being ignored?". Women In The World. 25 March 2016.
  10. ^ "Discovery of numerous Mass Graves, Various types of torture on Women" and "People's Attitude" (PDF). kean.edu.
  11. ^ "Crimes Against Humanity in Bangladesh". scholar.smu.edu.
  12. ^ White, Matthew, Death Tolls for the Major Wars and Atrocities of the Twentieth Century
  13. ^ "First Razakar camp in Khulna turns into ghost house after Liberation War". www.observerbd.com. Retrieved 2023-04-26.
  14. ^ Sharlach, Lisa (2000). "Rape as Genocide: Bangladesh, the Former Yugoslavia, and Rwanda". New Political Science. 22 (1): 92–93. doi:10.1080/713687893. S2CID 144966485.
  15. ^ Sajjad, Tazreena (2012) [First published 2009]. "The Post-Genocidal Period and its Impact on Women". In Totten, Samuel (ed.). Plight and Fate of Women During and Following Genocide. Transaction Publishers. p. 225. ISBN 978-1-4128-4759-9.
  16. ^ Mamoon, Muntassir. "Al-Badr". Banglapedia. Bangladesh Asiatic Society. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  17. ^ Sisson, Richard; Rose, Leo E. (1991). War and Secession: Pakistan, India, and the Creation of Bangladesh. University of California Press. p. 165. ISBN 978-0-520-07665-5.
  18. ^ "Pakistan's first two militant Islamist groups, Al-Badar and Al-Shams – by Nadeem F. Paracha". LUBP. Archived from the original on 27 December 2015. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
  19. ^ Karlekar, Hiranmay (2005). Bangladesh: The Next Afghanistan?. SAGE. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-7619-3401-1.
  20. ^ "Govt publishes list of Razakars". The Daily Star. 16 December 2019.
  21. ^ a b c Kann, Peter R. (27 July 1971). "East Pakistan Is Seen Gaining Independence, But It Will Take Years". The Wall Street Journal.
  22. ^ "Bangladesh- Population census 1991: Religious Composition 1901–1991". Bangladeshgov.org. 2 August 2016. Archived from the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
  23. ^ "Population and Housing Census 2022 Preliminary Report". Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. August 2022. Archived from the original on 8 October 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-08.