Leathesia marina

Leathesia marina
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Diaphoretickes
Clade:	SAR
Clade:	Stramenopiles
Phylum:	Gyrista
Subphylum:	Ochrophytina
Class:	Phaeophyceae
Order:	Ectocarpales
Family:	Chordariaceae
Genus:	Leathesia
Species:	L. marina
Binomial name
Leathesia marina (Lyngbye]]) Decaisne
Synonyms
Leathesia difformis

Leathesia marina (Lyngbye) Decaisne, 1842, previously known as Leathesia difformis Areschoug, 1847, commonly known as the sea cauliflower the sea potato, and brown brains is a species of littoral brown algae in the class Phaeophyceae and the order Ectocarpales,[1] which is commonly attached to other seaweeds and sometimes rocks. When young, the organism is solid but as it matures it becomes hollow and somewhat convoluted and has the appearance of a small leathery brown bag about the same size as a tennis ball. The texture is rubbery and the outer surface smooth.^[citation needed]

These brain-like brown seaweeds can be found growing on rock or as epiphytes on other seaweeds in the mid to low intertidal. Individuals can grow to ~15 centimetres (5.9 in) in diameter. Young individuals can resemble other globular forms of algae, such as Soranthera ulvoidea.[2][3] To determine if it is Leathesia, squeeze and flatten a piece between your fingers. Leathesia will break apart into filaments whereas other globular forms will flatten but remain intact.[4][5]

Taxonomy

A 2011 study using phylogenetics found the following relationships between L. difformis and the rest of Chordariaceae.[6]

Chordariaceae	Myrionema papilosum Myractula clandestina Elachista fucicola Striaria attenuata Litosiphon laminariae Elachista flaccida Elachista scutulata Punctaria latifolia Asperococcus bullosus Ulonema rhizophorum Myrionema strangulans Ddictyosiphon foeniculaceus Chordaria flagelliformis Soranthera ulvoidea Corynophlaea crispa Leathesia difformis (L. marina)

Synonyms

According to WoRMS (October 2023):[7]

• Clavatella nostoc-marina Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1823
• Leathesia amplissima Setchell & N.L.Gardner, 1924
• Leathesia difformis Areschoug, 1847
• Nostoc marinum C.Agardh, 1810
• Nostoc mesentericum C.Agardh, 1824
• Rivularia tuberiformis Smith, 1809

References

1. Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Leathesia difformis Areschoug, 1847. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=144953 on 2023-10-14
2. Lindeberg, Mandy; Lindstrom, Sandra. "Studded Sea Balloons Soranthera ulvoidea". Seaweeds of Alaska. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
3. Cho, Ga Youn; Kim, Myung-Sook; Boo, Sung Min (6 January 2005). "Phylogenetic Relationships of Soranthera ulvoidea (Chordariaceae, Phaeophyceae) on the Basis of Morphology and Molecular Data" (PDF). Algae. 20 (2): 91–97. doi:10.4490/ALGAE.2005.20.2.091. ISSN 1226-2617. OCLC 4663643362. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
4. "Leathesia difformis" Archived 2010-05-31 at the Wayback Machine, 18 December 2006. Retrieved on 8 February 2012.
5. Holmeson, Jan (19 December 2006). "Soranthera ulvoides (Studded sea balloon)". Sound Water Stewards. Oak Harbor, WA: Periwinkle Press. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
6. Silberfeld, Thomas; Racault, Marie-Fanny L. P.; Fletcher, Robert L.; Couloux, Arnaud; Rousseau, Florence; De Reviers, Bruno (15 August 2011). "Systematics and evolutionary history of pyrenoid-bearing taxa in brown algae (Phaeophyceae)". European Journal of Phycology. 46 (4): 362–378. doi:10.1080/09670262.2011.628698. ISSN 0967-0262. OCLC 773784579. S2CID 86555817.
7. Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Leathesia marina (Lyngbye) Decaisne, 1842. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=494940 on 2023-10-14

Further reading

Chapman, A.R.O.; Goudey, C.L. (January 1983). "Demographic study of the macrothallus of Leathesia difformis (Phaeophyta) in Nova Scotia". Canadian Journal of Botany. 61 (1): 319–323. doi:10.1139/b83-035.