Iven Carl "Kinch" Kincheloe Jr.[a][2] (July 2, 1928 – July 26, 1958)[3][4] was an American pilot. He served in the U.S. Air Force during the Korean War, in which he was recognized as a flying ace. He continued as a test pilot after the war, participating in the Bell X-2 program, in which he set an altitude record of 126,200 feet (38,470 m) in 1956. For this suborbital flight above most of the atmosphere, he became known as "The First Spaceman".[4][5][6] He was selected for the Air Force's program to put a man in space,[7] but was killed in a plane crash in 1958.
Early life and education
Born July 2, 1928, in Detroit, Michigan, Kincheloe grew up in Cassopolis in the southwest part of the state, the only child of Iven C. Kincheloe Sr. (1894–1966) and Frances Wilder Kincheloe. Interested in aviation from a very young age, he graduated from Dowagiac High School in 1945 and attended Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana.
In the mid-1950s, Kincheloe joined the Bell X-2 program and on September 7, 1956,[8] flew at more than 2,000 mph (3,220 km/h) and to a height of 126,200 feet (38,470 m)[3][8] (some sources list 126,500),[4] the first flight ever above 100,000 feet (30,480 m), above 30 km (18.6 mi) and above 20 mi (32.2 km). For this he was nicknamed "America's No. 1 Spaceman". (However, this altitude is below the Kármán line, the threshold for "space" later established by the Fédération aéronautique internationale[b], as well as below the 50-mile-boundary used by the U.S. Air Force.) He was awarded the Mackay Trophy for 1956 for the flight.[9]
The X-2 program was halted three weeks later, after a crash resulted in the death of Mel Apt in a flight in which he became the first person to exceed Mach 3.[10] Kincheloe was later selected as one of the first three pilots in the next rocket-powered aircraft program, the X-15,[11] and would have been part of the Man in Space Soonest project.
Death and legacy
In July 1958, Kincheloe was killed in the crash of an F-104A (Lockheed F-104A-10-LO s/n 56-772) at Edwards Air Force Base; he had ejected at low altitude, but given that the early F-104 used a downwards catapulted ejection seat the deployed parachute did not adequately slow his descent.[11][12] He was buried with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery.[13] Only thirty years old, Kincheloe was survived by wife, Dorothy, their young son, Iven III, and a daughter who was born two months later, Jeannine.[14]
25th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, 51st Fighter-Interceptor Group, Fifth Air Force
Date of Action: April 1, 1952
Citation:
The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to Captain Iven Carl Kincheloe, United States Air Force, for gallantry in action against an enemy of the United Nations as Pilot of an F-86 Fighter Plane in the 25th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, 51st Fighter-Interceptor Group, Fifth Air Force, on 1 April 1952. While leading a flight of four F-86 type aircraft, Captain Kincheloe encountered sixteen enemy aircraft attempting to intercept friendly fighter-bombers, Captain Kincheloe quickly broke his flight into elements to engage the enemy, and boldly attacked although greatly outnumbered. He pressed attacks against two of the enemy, completely disregarding efforts of other aircraft to deter him. Displaying unusual aggressiveness, Captain Kincheloe severely damaged the aircraft of the enemy flight leader, forcing him to eject himself, and despite heavy damage to his own aircraft, attacked another and destroyed it completely. Captain Kincheloe's destruction of the two aircraft effectively broke up the enemy force and prevented their attack on the friendly fighter-bombers. Through his personal courage, outstanding airmanship, and devotion to duty, Captain Kincheloe reflected great credit upon himself, the Far East Air Forces, and the United States Air Force.[23]
^ abBurns, Curtis A. (1975). "Capt. Iven C. Kincheloe Jr". National Museum of the United States Air Force. Archived from the original on 2006-02-25. Retrieved 2006-04-02.
^ abChant, Christopher (1999). "The chronology of flight 1940 to [1999-03-25]". In Taylor, Michael J.H. (ed.). The world's greatest aircraft. Hertfordshire: Regency House Publishing Ltd. p. 388. ISBN1-85605-523-X. The Bell X-2 research aircraft is flown by Capt. Iven C. Kincheloe to an altitude of 126,200 ft (38,466m).
^"Mackay Trophy". The Air Power Historian. 4 (3): 173. 1957. JSTOR44512998.
^Boster, Steven F. (1969). "Aerospace Profile: Space Age Pioneer". Aerospace Historian. 16 (4): 7–8. JSTOR44524658.
^Smalls, Yashekia (September 24, 2006). "Kincheloe monument restored". South Bend Tribune. (Indiana). Archived from the original on December 14, 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
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