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Institut Rousseau
The Rousseau Institute is a French think tank created in 2020, led by Nicolas Dufrêne and Chloé Ridel. The institute publishes mainly works relating to the French and European economy. Main areas of research concentrate on the climate transition, digital sovereignty, egalitarian democracy and republican participation. OverviewThe Rousseau Institute is a think tank created on 4 March 2020 in Paris and which defines itself as a "laboratory of ideas which attempts to reconcile republican refoundation and political ecology".[1] The institute sees itself in the tradition of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who emphasised the sovereignty of the people, and free will based on exercised reason as the path to modernity.[2] The institute's work follows a generalist framework.[1] The French newspaper L'Humanité classifies the journal on the left side of the political spectrum.[3] OperationsHeaded by Nicolas Dufrêne, a senior civil servant and essayist,[4] the Rousseau Institute has had the economist Gaël Giraud as its honorary president since 2020. Its deputy director is Chloé Ridel, a senior civil servant and specialist in European issues. Its director of studies is Benjamin Morel, lecturer in public law.[5] Its scientific council has some twenty members, including the demographer Hervé Le Bras, the geographer Anaïs Voy-Gillis,[6] and magistrate Magali Lafourcade. Fabien Escalona, Pavlina R. Tcherneva, Nathan Sperber and Christophe Ventura are also part of the scientific board.[7] The institute is financed by donations and membership fees. It is constituted as an association. Position papersClimate transformationWith the position paper 2% for 2 degrees: Investment needs for the climate neutrality of France in 2050, the institute has presented an overall cost calculation for the climate neutrality of France. Based on sector analyses, an overall financing requirement and fields of action were identified, and proposals for financing were elaborated. An executive summary of the French report is available in English.[8] Key statements of the report include
Other worksThe institute also publishes on Issues concerning monetary policy. One of the proposals promoted by the Rousseau Institute is to cancel the sovereign debts held by the European Central Bank in exchange for investments to finance "ecological reconstruction". Nicolas Dufrêne, director of the institute, argues that cancelling the debts held by the central bank "would not harm anyone" and "will free up investment capacity to develop the ecological and social resilience of our societies". N. Dufrêne published a book with Alain Grandjean in February 2020 to defend this proposal, Une monnaie écologique, pour sauver la planète (Publisher: Odile Jacob). He is also the initiator[9][10] of a tribune signed by nearly 150 economists and politicians,[11] published in February 2021 in several European media publiciations.[12][13][14] This proposal has been criticised by several politicians, such as the President of the European Central Bank, Christine Lagarde, who considers debt cancellation by the ECB "unthinkable".[15] Five members of the Rousseau Institute, including the economist Gaël Giraud and Nicolas Dufrêne, also have a simplification of the method of calculating income tax, promoting it under consideration of to progressiveness and social justice: the ABC tax. The Rousseau Institute's work also focuses on digital sovereignty. The institute's proposals focus in particular on the following two areas focussing on French political sphere:[16]
The institute, together with the American economist Pavlina R. Tcherneva, estimate that one million "green" jobs could be created in France and that there is a significant source of jobs that could be based on temporary public utility jobs, based on voluntary work. In her book The Job Guarantee, Tcherneva states that "these choices would cost nothing to the community since they would consist of redeploying aid already paid to the unemployed.[17] CommentaryLenny Benbara (Head of Publications at the Rousseau Institute) commented in the French magazine Marianne on the think tank's mission by saying
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