Extinct genus of monkey
Homunculus New World monkey that lived in Patagonia during the Miocene . Two species are known: Homunculus patagonicus [ 2] [ 3] [ 4] Homunculus vizcainoi Santa Cruz Formation in the far south of Argentina .[ 1]
H. patagonicus was a robustly built, quadrupedal primate, with body mass estimates varying between 1.4 and 5.9 kg (3.1 and 13.0 lb) based on different techniques.[ 5]
Some authors consider Killikaike blakeiH. patagonicus ,[ 6] [ 1] [ 7]
While some studies have regarded Homunculus as a crown group platyrhine and a member of the family Pitheciidae , other studies have regarded it as a stem-group platyrhine outside any modern group, which is supported by the morphology of its nasal turbinates , which are dissimilar to those of crown-group platyrhines.[ 8]
Homunculus is suggested to have been primarily frugivorous based on dental wear.[ 9]
References
^ a b c Kay, R.F.; Perry, J.M.G. (2020). "New primates from the Río Santa Cruz and Río Bote (Early-Middle Miocene), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina" . Publicacion Electronica de la Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina . 19 (2): 230–238. doi :10.5710/peapa.24.08.2019.289 ^ "Homunculus patagonicus " . The Primata. 16 November 2001. Retrieved 26 January 2012 .^ Tejedor, Marcelo F.; Rosenberger, Alfred L. (2008). "A neotype for Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891, and a new interpretation of the taxon" (PDF) . PaleoAnthropology (2008): 68–82. Retrieved 26 January 2012 . ^ Jonathan M.G. Perry; Richard F. Kay; Sergio F. Vizcaíno; M. Susana Bargo (2014). "Oldest known cranium of a juvenile New World monkey (Early Miocene, Patagonia, Argentina): Implications for the taxonomy and the molar eruption pattern of early platyrrhines" (PDF) . Journal of Human Evolution . 74 : 67–81. Bibcode :2014JHumE..74...67P . doi :10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.03.009 . hdl :10161/10782 PMID 25081638 . [permanent dead link ] ^ Perry, J.M.G.; Cookea, S.B.; Runestad Connour, J.A.; Burgess, M.L.; Ruff, C.B. (2018). "Articular scaling and body mass estimation in platyrrhines and catarrhines: Modern variation and application to fossil anthropoids" . Journal of Human Evolution . 115 (13): 20–35. Bibcode :2018JHumE.115...20P . doi :10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.10.008 PMID 29150186 . S2CID 3545389 . ^ Perry, Jonathan M.G.; Kay, Richard F.; Vizcaíno, Sergio F.; Bargo, M. Susana (September 2014). "Oldest known cranium of a juvenile New World monkey (Early Miocene, Patagonia, Argentina): Implications for the taxonomy and the molar eruption pattern of early platyrrhines" . Journal of Human Evolution . 74 : 67–81. Bibcode :2014JHumE..74...67P . doi :10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.03.009 . hdl :10161/10782 PMID 25081638 . ^ Silvestro, Daniele; Tejedor, Marcelo F; Serrano-Serrano, Martha L; Loiseau, Oriane; Rossier, Victor; Rolland, Jonathan; Zizka, Alexander; Höhna, Sebastian; Antonelli, Alexandre; Salamin, Nicolas (2019-01-01). Savolainen, Vincent (ed.). "Early Arrival and Climatically-Linked Geographic Expansion of New World Monkeys from Tiny African Ancestors" . Systematic Biology . 68 (1): 78–92. doi :10.1093/sysbio/syy046 . ISSN 1063-5157 . PMC 6292484 PMID 29931325 . ^ Lundeen, Ingrid K.; Kay, Richard F. (June 2022). "Unique nasal turbinal morphology reveals Homunculus patagonicus functionally converged on modern platyrrhine olfactory sensitivity" . Journal of Human Evolution . 167 : 103184. Bibcode :2022JHumE.16703184L . doi :10.1016/j.jhevol.2022.103184 . PMID 35462071 . S2CID 248328939 . ^ Li, Peishu; Morse, Paul E.; Kay, Richard F. (July 2020). "Dental topographic change with macrowear and dietary inference in Homunculus patagonicus" . Journal of Human Evolution . 144 : 102786. Bibcode :2020JHumE.14402786L . doi :10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102786 PMID 32402847 .
Homunculus Homunculus patagonicus
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