Świebocki was born in Stary Sącz, Poland.[1] His father, Karol Świebocki, was a member of Poland's Home Army who was imprisoned in Auschwitz as a political prisoner from 17 June 1942; he died on 10 August that year in a gas chamber in Auschwitz II–Birkenau,[6] one of a group of 193 sick prisoners in the camp hospital that the Germans decided to gas.[7] Świebocki's uncle, an artist, was also imprisoned in the camp, for three years, but he survived.[8]
A graduate of Jagiellonian University, Świebocki has a doctorate in history. He joined the Historical Research Department of the Auschwitz State Museum in 1964.[1]