Heřmanice (Liberec District)

Heřmanice
Municipality
House No. 77
Flag Coat of arms
Heřmanice Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 50°53′49″N 15°0′23″E
Country	Czech Republic
Region	Liberec
District	Liberec
First mentioned	1381
Area
• Total	7.47 km^2 (2.88 sq mi)
Elevation	310 m (1,020 ft)
Population  (2024-01-01)[1]
• Total	280
• Density	37/km^2 (97/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	464 01
Website	www.hermanice.com

Heřmanice (German: Hermsdorf) is a municipality and village in Liberec District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Etymology

The original German name of the village was Hermannsdorff, meaning "Herman's village". It was gradually distorted into Hermsdorf. The Czech name was created by translation.[2]

Geography

Heřmanice is located about 14 kilometres (9 mi) north of Liberec, in a salient region of Frýdlant Hook on the border with Poland. The northern part of the municipal territory with the built-up area lies in the Frýdlant Hills. The southern part lies in the Jizera Mountains and includes the highest point of Heřmanice, the hill Lysý vrch at 643 m (2,110 ft) above sea level. The Oleška Stream flows through the municipality.

History

The first written mention of Heřmanice is from 1381. There is an even older mention in the Zittau annals, but the date of 1375 is only an estimate. Heřmanice was then part of the Frýdlant estate, owned by the Biberstein family until 1544. The Schwanitz family held the village from 1544 to 1668. In 1678, Heřmanice was again joined to the Frýdlant estate and was owned by the Clam-Gallas family.[3]

In 1900, a railway from Frýdlant to Zittau via Heřmanice was built. The railway was in service until 1976.[3]

In 1938, the municipality was annexed by Nazi Germany and administered as part of Reichsgau Sudetenland. After the World War II, the German population was expelled and the number of inhabitants dropped.

In 1960, Heřmanice merged with the neighbouring municipality of Dětřichov. From 1986 to 1990, it was an administrative part of Frýdlant. Since 1 September 1990, it has been a separate municipality.[3][4]

The village was hit by floods in summer 2010. The whole infrastructure of the village was destroyed. Many houses were damaged, several houses were demolished. One woman died.[5]

Demographics

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1869 1,313 —     1880 1,323 +0.8% 1890 1,237 −6.5% 1900 1,308 +5.7% 1910 1,359 +3.9%	Year Pop. ±% 1921 1,166 −14.2% 1930 1,129 −3.2% 1950 434 −61.6% 1961 371 −14.5% 1970 348 −6.2%	Year Pop. ±% 1980 260 −25.3% 1991 182 −30.0% 2001 232 +27.5% 2011 213 −8.2% 2021 269 +26.3%
Source: Censuses[6][7]

Transport

On the Czech-Polish border is the Heřmanice / Bogatynia road border crossing.

Sights

Observation tower

There are several half-timbered houses in Heřmanice, built in the so-called Upper Lusatian style.[3]

A wooden observation tower was built in Heřmanice in 2012. It is 24 m (79 ft) high, has the shape of a tube topped by a dome, and 99 steps lead to the top.[8]

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic

Heřmanice is twinned with:[9]

• Pieńsk, Poland
• Sobota (Lwówek Śląski), Poland

References

1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
2. Profous, Antonín (1947). Místní jména v Čechách I: A–H (in Czech). p. 614.
3. "Z historie obce" (in Czech). Obec Heřmanice. Retrieved 2022-10-21.
4. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (PDF) (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. p. 138. Retrieved 2024-08-06.
5. "Zkáza a zmrtvýchvstání Heřmanic" (in Czech). Czech Radio. 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2022-10-21.
6. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
7. "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
8. "Rozhledna v Heřmanicích na Frýdlantsku" (in Czech). CzechTourism. Retrieved 2022-10-21.
9. "Spolupracujeme" (in Czech). Obec Heřmanice. Archived from the original on 2022-10-20. Retrieved 2022-10-20.

External links

• Official website