Giovanni Giuseppe Bianconi

Giovanni Giuseppe Bianconi
Giovanni Giuseppe Bianconi
Born	(1809-07-31)July 31, 1809 Bologna, Papal States
Died	18 October 1878(1878-10-18) (aged 69) Bologna, Kingdom of Italy
Nationality	Italian
Occupation(s)	University teacher, naturalist
Spouse	Vittoria Bignardi
Children	3
Parent(s)	Giovanni Antonio Bianconi and Luisa Bianconi (née Garnier)
Academic background
Alma mater	University of Bologna
Academic advisors	Camillo Ranzani
Academic work
Discipline	Natural history, zoology, geology, paleontology, botany
Institutions	University of Bologna

Giovanni Giuseppe Bianconi, sometimes J. Josephi or Joseph Bianconi, (31 July 1809 in Bologna – 18 October 1878 in Bologna) was an Italian zoologist, herpetologist, botanist and geologist.

Career

Bianconi sueceeded his teacher Camillo Ranzani as professor of Natural History at the University of Bologna. In the field of herpetology he described several new species of amphibians and reptiles.[1][2]

In 1874, Bianconi published a book on "independent creations", which utilized zoological arguments against Darwinism.[3] The first edition was printed in French and contained a letter to Charles Darwin. The book sold well and Bianconi and his son Giovanni Antonio published a revised Italian edition in 1875.[3] Bianconi argued that "enlightened application of laws of mechanics, physics, physiology" led to the conclusion that every part of an organism had been created by the "unlimited intelligence" of God.[3]

Bianconi argued that homologous structures are explained on mechanical principles. Darwin discussed and rejected Bianconi's arguments in his The Descent of Man.[4]

Selected publications

• Sul sistema vascolare delle foglie considerato come carattere distintivo [sic] per la determinazione delle filliti, del Dottor Giuseppe Bianconi. Bologna, Marsigli. (1838)[5]
• Storia naturale dei terreni ardenti, dei vulcani fangosi. Bologna. (1840)
• Specimina Zoologica Mosambicana, fasciculus IV, V. (Mollusca) Memorie della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, volume 3, pages 3–18, 91-112, plate. (1850, 1851)
• Repertorio Italiano per la Storia Naturale. Zoologiam, Mineralogiam, Geolgiam, Palaentologiam. Bologna. (1854)[5]
• La Theorie Darwinienne et la creation dite independante (1874). An "anti" Darwinist work claiming that homologous structures are explained on mechanical principles.

He published numerous papers, in both Italian and Latin, in the journal Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Instituti Bononiensis (beginning in 1844) and its successor Memorie della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna (from 1850 onward).[6][7]

See also

• Category:Taxa named by Giovanni Giuseppe Bianconi
• List of herpetologists

References

1. Amphibian Species of the World, 5.5, an Online Reference. research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia.
2. The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
3. Kölbl-Ebert, Martina. (2009). Geology and Religion: A History of Harmony and Hostility. The Geological Society. p. 270. ISBN 978-1-86239-269-4
4. Darwin, Charles. (1888). The Descent of Man. London: John Murray. p. 24
5. Sul sistema vascolare delle foglie considerato come carattere distintivo per la determinazione delle filliti. 1838.
6. "Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Instituti Bononiensis". Biodiversity Heritage Library. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
7. "Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna". Biodiversity Heritage Library. Retrieved 4 March 2019.

Bibliography

• Sarjeant, William A. S. 1980-96. Geologists and the History of Geology: An International Bibliography. 10 vols. including supplements. London: Macmillan. Florida: Krieger Publishing.
• Spada Sermonti, Isabella (1968). "BIANCONI, Giovanni Giuseppe". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Volume 10: Biagio–Boccaccio (in Italian). Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. ISBN 978-8-81200032-6.

Further reading

• Giuliano Pancaldi. (1991). Darwin in Italy: Science Across Cultural Frontiers. Indiana University Press.