|
George Fleetwood (Swedish general)
Sir George Fleetwood (1605–1667) was an Englishman who became a Swedish general and baron.[1] He founded a cadet branch of the Fleetwood family in Sweden, with issue until the present time. English originsHe was second son of Sir Miles Fleetwood of Cranford and Aldwinkle, Northamptonshire, receiver of the court of wards, and brother of Charles Fleetwood, the parliamentary general. George was baptised at Cople, Bedfordshire, 30 June 1605. At the age of 16, George matriculated at the University of Oxford (9 November 1621). He gained a Bachelor of Arts on 6 February 1624. In the Swedish ArmyIn 1629 George raised a troop of horse for Swedish service in Germany during the Thirty Years' War and became a major in Colonel James Spens' regiment. After promotion to lieutenant-colonel he returned to England, by March, and having collected a regiment of foot, he obtained Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna's support to return to Sweden to meet King Gustav II Adolf personally regarding military matters. He recruited a regiment of infantry (a mostly English regiment with some Scots) in 1630. Oxenstierna remarked that Fleetwood was a good man and that he would have had less trouble with Spens' old regiment if it had gone to Fleetwood rather than the Earl of Crawford,[2] and in April 1631 he recommended Fleetwood to Gustav II Adolf with regard to recruitment. He was knighted by king Gustav II Adolf in Germany on 3 June 1632, and he was present at the battle of Lützen in November at which the king was killed. It is said that after the fall of Gustav II Adolf he held back retreating Swedish troops together with the King's court and army-chaplain, superintendent Dr. Jacob Fabritius.[3] His account of King Gustav II Adolf's death:
He then served as the commandant of a Swedish garrison in Prussia in 1633. The Swedish Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna, seeking a closer alliance and further recruits, sent Fleetwood to the Stuart court in 1636 and 1637. En route to England in 1637 George, now a colonel, met queen Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia. He obtained funds and permission to levy from king Charles I of England. In 1639 he sailed with Covenanters through the Danish Sound to take up service first as a commandant at Greifswald and then at Kolberg the following year. During his time at Kolberg he wrote daily to Count Forbes, the vice-governor in Pomerania. In 1640 he married Brita Gyllenstjerna; they had four sons and two daughters. From 1641-3 Fleetwood was colonel of the Jönköping regiment, although another source named him colonel of the Kronoberg regiment from 1641-54. In 1646 he was rewarded with land donations from the queen. He was introduced into the Swedish House of Nobility in 1649. In 1653 he was promoted to major-general of the infantry, and he became a Baron on 1 June 1654. Along with Colonel Hugh Hamilton,[4] he was chosen to guard Karl X Gustav at his wedding. In 1655 he was sent by Charles X as envoy extraordinary to Oliver Cromwell, in response to Bulstrode Whitelocke's embassy. He was accompanied by his eldest son, Gustavus Miles Fleetwood(1642-1705), who was enrolled among the life-guard of Charles II, and pursued his education in England. He worked for a confederation between Sweden and the English Republic. This was at the same time as Alexander Leslie[5] and William Cranston[6] were organizing levies of Royalists for Swedish service. George obtained at least 3000 English and Scottish troops for Swedish service in Poland and against Denmark, and some of his men served alongside Cranstoun's troops. He was promoted to lieutenant-general in 1656 and in 1658 his regiment was at Bremen. After his return to Sweden served as military councillor in 1665.[7] He died 11 June 1667, and was buried at Nyköping.[7] Service recordSWEDEN, JAMES SPENS (STRALSUND Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) Notes
References
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Portal di Ensiklopedia Dunia
