DL Tauri

DL Tauri

A light curve for DL Tauri, plotted from TESS data[1]
Observation data Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation	Taurus
Right ascension	04^h 33^m 39.0767^s[2]
Declination	+25° 20′ 38.0980″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)	13.06[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage	pre-main-sequence star
Spectral type	K7[4]
Apparent magnitude (U)	14.04[2]
Apparent magnitude (g)	12.1368[5]
Apparent magnitude (B)	14.59[2]
Apparent magnitude (R)	11.85[2]
Variable type	T Tau[4]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ)	RA: 9.25±0.02 mas/yr[5] Dec.: −18.497±0.017 mas/yr[5]
Parallax (π)	6.2525 ± 0.0194 mas[5]
Distance	522 ± 2 ly (159.9 ± 0.5 pc)
Details
Mass	0.72±0.11[4] M☉
Luminosity	0.68[4] L☉
Temperature	4060[4] K
Age	1[6] Myr
Other designations
2MASS J04333906+2520382, TIC 268444139, HBC 58, UBV 4371, Gaia DR2 148010281032823552
Database references
SIMBAD	data

DL Tauri is a young T Tauri-type pre-main sequence stars in the constellation of Taurus about 522 light years away, belonging to the Taurus Molecular Cloud. It is partially obscured by the foreground gas cloud rich in carbon monoxide,[4] and is still accreting mass, producing 0.14 L_☉ due to release of accretion energy.[3] The stellar spectrum shows the lines of ionized oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and iron.[3]

Protoplanetary disk

Star is surrounded by a massive (0.029±0.003 M_☉) protoplanetary disk,[7] which is extensive yet relatively flattened and rich in large grains, indicated a significantly evolved state. With a mass this massive the disk can possibly form a brown dwarf. The area of disk about 100 AU from the star may be on the verge of the gravitational instability.[7] The disk have a multiple dust rings with poorly resolved gaps between.[8]

Suspected planetary companion

The object 2MASS J04333960+2520420, designated DL Tau/cc1 in 2008, is a suspected superjovian planet with mass about 12M_J on the likely bound orbit around DL Tauri. The object is either a sub-brown dwarf or a low mass brown dwarf or even a low-mass ultra-cool red dwarf star if strongly veiled by accretion disk, which is not unusual for the young star systems.[6]

The DL Tauri planetary system

Companion (in order from star)	Mass	Semimajor axis (AU)	Orbital period (days)	Eccentricity	Inclination	Radius
protoplanetary disk	8.18±0.89[7]–520[4] AU				44.33±0.16[8]°	—

References

1. "MAST: Barbara A. Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes". Space Telescope Science Institute. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
2. "V* DL Tau". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2021-09-30.
3. Giannini, T.; Nisini, B.; Antoniucci, S.; Biazzo, K.; Alcalá, J.; Bacciotti, F.; Fedele, D.; Frasca, A.; Harutyunyan, A.; Munari, U.; Rigliaco, E.; Vitali, F. (2019). "GIARPS High-resolution Observations of T Tauri stars (GHOsT)". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 631: A44. arXiv:1909.10392. Bibcode:2019A&A...631A..44G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936085. S2CID 202719615.
4. Simon, M.; Dutrey, A.; Guilloteau, S. (2000). "Dynamical Masses of T Tauri Stars and Calibration of Pre–Main-Sequence Evolution". The Astrophysical Journal. 545 (2): 1034–1043. arXiv:astro-ph/0008370. Bibcode:2000ApJ...545.1034S. doi:10.1086/317838. S2CID 18064837.
5. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
6. Itoh, Yoichi; Tamura, Motohide; Hayashi, Masahiko; Oasa, Yumiko; Hayashi, Saeko S.; Fukagawa, Misato; Kudo, Tomoyuki; Mayama, Satoshi; Ishii, Miki; Pyo, Tae-Soo; Yamashita, Takuya; Morino, Junichi (2008). "Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Faint Companions around Young Stellar Objects Associated with the Taurus Molecular Cloud". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 60 (2): 209–218. Bibcode:2008PASJ...60..209I. doi:10.1093/pasj/60.2.209. hdl:20.500.14094/90001427.
7. Kwon, Woojin; Looney, Leslie W.; Mundy, Lee G.; Welch, William J. (2015), "Resolving Protoplanetary Disks at Millimeter Wavelengths with Carma", The Astrophysical Journal, 808 (1): 102, arXiv:1506.03679, Bibcode:2015ApJ...808..102K, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/808/1/102, S2CID 119286150
8. Long, Feng; Pinilla, Paola; Herczeg, Gregory J.; Andrews, Sean M.; Harsono, Daniel; Johnstone, Doug; Ragusa, Enrico; Pascucci, Ilaria; Wilner, David J.; Hendler, Nathan; Jennings, Jeff; Liu, Yao; Lodato, Giuseppe; Menard, Francois; Van De Plas, Gerrit; Dipierro, Giovanni (2020). "Dual-wavelength ALMA Observations of Dust Rings in Protoplanetary Disks". The Astrophysical Journal. 898 (1): 36. arXiv:2006.03120. Bibcode:2020ApJ...898...36L. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9a54. S2CID 219401797.