Species of bacterium
Cupriavidus metallidurans Gram-negative bacterium which is adapted to survive several forms of heavy metal stress.[ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
As a model and industrial system
Cupriavidus metallidurans is a bacterial species that belongs to the same family as Ralstonia solanacearum [ 6]
This species is of ecological and industrial importance, as its relatives dominate mesophilic environments contaminated with heavy metals.[ 2] [ 7] C. metallidurans is used in the industrial sector for both heavy metal remediation and sensing.[ 4]
This aerobic chemolithoautotroph is capable of growing in a mineral salts environment with H2 , O2 , and CO2 without an organic carbon source.[ 8] hydrogenase , the respiratory chain , and the F1F0-ATPase , which remain separate from the anabolic subsystems.
C. metallidurans can also degrade xenobiotics in conditions with high levels of heavy metals.[ 9]
Strain CH34 has adapted to these harsh conditions through multiple heavy-metal resistance systems, encoded by the two indigenous megaplasmids , pMOL28 and pMOL30, on its chromosome(s).[ 3] [ 4] [ 10]
Ecology
A scanning electron microscope image of a gold nugget, revealing bacterioform (bacteria-shaped) structures C. metallidurans plays a vital role, together with Delftia acidovorans gold nuggets . It precipitates metallic gold from a solution of gold(III) chloride , a compound highly toxic to most other microorganisms.[ 11] [ 12] [ 13]
As a pathogen
A case of a 74 year old man infected with Cupriavidus metallidurans has been documented,[ 14]
References
^
Vandamme, P.; T. Coeyne (June 18, 2004). "Taxonomy of the genus Cupriavidus: a tale of lost and found" . International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology . 54 (Pt 6): 2285– 2289. doi :10.1099/ijs.0.63247-0 PMID 15545472 .
^ a b
Goris, J.; et al. (2001). "Classification of metal-resistant bacteria from industrial biotopes as Ralstonia campinensis sp. nov., Ralstonia metallidurans sp. nov. and Ralstonia basilensis Steinle et al. 1998 emend" . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol . 51 (Pt 5): 1773– 1782. doi :10.1099/00207713-51-5-1773 PMID 11594608 .
^ a b
Nies, DH (1999). "Microbial heavy metal resistance". Appl Microbiol Biotechnol . 51 (6): 730– 750. doi :10.1007/s002530051457 . PMID 10422221 . S2CID 6675586 .
^ a b c
Nies, DH (2000). "Heavy metal resistant bacteria as extremophiles: molecular physiology and biotechnological use of Ralstonia spec. CH34". Extremophiles . 4 (2): 77– 82. doi :10.1007/s007920050140 . PMID 10805561 . S2CID 11156112 .
^ Ryan, Michael P.; Adley, Catherine C. (2011-09-01). "Specific PCR to identify the heavy-metal-resistant bacterium Cupriavidus metallidurans" . Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology . 38 (9): 1613– 1615. doi :10.1007/s10295-011-1011-y . ISSN 1476-5535 . PMID 21720772 . S2CID 33552248 . ^ Salanoubat M.; et al. (2002). "Genome sequence of the plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum " . Nature . 415 (6871): 497– 502. doi :10.1038/415497a PMID 11823852 . ^
Diels, L.; Q. Dong; D. van der Lelie; W. Baeyens; M. Mergeay (1995). "The czc operon of Alcaligenes eutrophus CH34: from resistance mechanism to the removal of heavy metals" . Journal of Industrial Microbiology . 14 (2): 142– 153. doi :10.1007/BF01569896 PMID 7766206 . S2CID 29272445 .
^
Mergeay, M.; D. Nies; H.G. Schlegel; J. Gerits; P. Charles; F. van Gijsegem (1985). "Alcaligenes eutrophus CH34 is a facultative chemolithotroph with plasmid-bound resistance to heavy metals" . Journal of Bacteriology . 162 (1): 328– 334. doi :10.1128/JB.162.1.328-334.1985 . PMC 218993 PMID 3884593 .
^
Springael, D.; L. Diels; L. Hooyberghs; S. Kreps; M. Mergeay (1993). "Construction and characterization of heavy metal resistant haloaromatic-degrading Alcaligenes eutrophus strains" . Appl Environ Microbiol . 59 (1): 334– 339. doi :10.1128/AEM.59.1.334-339.1993 . PMC 202101 PMID 8439161 .
^
Monchy, S.; M.A. Benotmane; P. Janssen; T. Vallaeys; S. Taghavi; D. van der Lelie; M. Mergeay (October 2007). "Plasmids pMOL28 and pMOL30 of Cupriavidus metallidurans are specialized in the maximal viable response to heavy metals" . Journal of Bacteriology . 189 (20): 7417– 7425. doi :10.1128/JB.00375-07 . PMC 2168447 PMID 17675385 .
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Reith, Frank; Stephen L. Rogers; D. C. McPhail; Daryl Webb (July 14, 2006). "Biomineralization of Gold: Biofilms on Bacterioform Gold" . Science . 313 (5784): 233– 236. Bibcode :2006Sci...313..233R . doi :10.1126/science.1125878 . hdl :1885/28682 PMID 16840703 . S2CID 32848104 .
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Superman-Strength Bacteria Produce 24-Karat Gold
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The bacteria that turns toxic chemicals into pure gold
^ Langevin, Stéphanie; Vincelette, Jean; Bekal, Sadjia; Gaudreau, Christiane (February 2011). "First Case of Invasive Human Infection Caused by Cupriavidus metallidurans" . Journal of Clinical Microbiology . 49 (2): 744– 745. doi :10.1128/JCM.01947-10 . ISSN 0095-1137 . PMC 3043494 PMID 21106795 .
External links
Cupriavidus metallidurans
