Cornelius Sherlock

The Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool
The Picton Reading Room, Liverpool

Cornelius Sherlock (bapt. 28 February 1823 – 20 January 1888) was a British architect who was active in Liverpool in North West England in the late 19th century.

Sherlock is best known as one of the architects responsible for the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool, one of the main buildings in the area around William Brown Street and a celebrated example of High Victorian Neoclassical buildings.

Life and career

Cornelius Sherlock was born in Liverpool to Thomas and Anne Sherlock.[1][2] He was apprenticed to the influential Liverpudlian architect Peter Ellis (1805–1884), who designed the Oriel Chambers. Sherlock lived in Canning Street and worked in initially at 22 King Street, before moving his offices to Manchester Buildings in Tithebarn Street. In 1867 he took up residence at Elm House in Childwall, where he remained for the rest of his life.[3] Sherlock became a member of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire in 1850[4] and he was made a Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1878.[5]

In 1866, Sherlock was commissioned by the politician and brewing magnate Andrew Barclay Walker to build his Tudor Revival private residence, Gateacre Grange, on Rose Brow in Gateacre, Liverpool.[6] Walker employed Sherlock again in 1874 in his project to build an art gallery for the City of Liverpool.[7] Sherlock, along with co-architect H. H. Vale, were presented by Lord Sandon to the Duke of Edinburgh at the laying of the foundation stone in 1874.[8] Sherlock and Vale collaborated on the Walker Art Gallery project until Vale's suicide in 1875.[9] After this date, Vale's name no longer appeared on architectural documentation and Sherlock claimed credit for the entire design.[7][8]

Sherlock's work for Sir James Picton on extending the William Brown Library followed the opening of the Walker Art Gallery, and the Picton Reading Room opened in 1879. Sherlock's design, modelled on the Pantheon in Rome, was critically acclaimed. His choice of a Classical rotunda surrounded by a colonnade of Corinthian columns is considered a graceful solution to turn the corner of the street, and together with the Walker gallery and the Brown library, the Picton forms part of a Neoclassical ensemble that was acclaimed by the public library advocate Thomas Greenwood as "without doubt the finest pile of buildings for this purpose in the whole United Kingdom and Ireland".[10]

Cornelius Sherlock went into partnership with fellow architects William James Wood and Herbert William Keef to open an architectural and surveyors firm, Sherlock, Wood and Keef at 51, South John Street, Liverpool.[11] The firm was responsible for a number of prominent buildings in Liverpool, such as the Florence Institute ("The Florrie"), which was designed by Keef.[12]

Death

Cornelius Sherlock died on 20 January 1888 at Elm House. He was buried in the neighbouring churchyard of All Saints' Church, Childwall.[3] The firm Sherlock, Wood, and Keef was officially dissolved by Cornelius's widow, Jane Rebecca Sherlock and the surviving partners on 2 August 1889.[11]

Works

References

  1. ^ 1841 England Census
  2. ^ 1861 England Census
  3. ^ a b Jones, Graham (2014). The pianoforte showroom (PDF). Liverpool History Society. p. 46. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  4. ^ Cheshire, Historic Society of Lancashire and (7 February 1850). "Session II No.4". Proceedings and Papers. Society under the direction of the Council for the use of the members. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  5. ^ Brodie, Antonia; Library, British Architectural; Architects, Royal Institute of British (20 December 2001). Directory of British Architects, 1834-1914: Vol. 2 (L-Z). A&C Black. p. 602. ISBN 9780826455147. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  6. ^ Costambeys, Marios; Hamer, Andrew; Heale, Martin (2007). The Making of the Middle Ages: Liverpool Essays. Liverpool University Press. p. 223. ISBN 9781846310683. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  7. ^ a b Hill, Kate (16 October 2014). Museums and Biographies: Stories, Objects, Identities. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. p. 110. ISBN 9781843839613. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  8. ^ a b "Liverpool in 1874-5". The British Architect: A Journal of Architecture and the Accessory Arts. 3: 51. 1 January 1875. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  9. ^ "Opening Address of the President". Sessional Papers Read at the Royal Institute of British Architects. RIBA. 1876. pp. 5–6. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  10. ^ Black, Alistair; Pepper, Simon; Bagshaw, Kaye (2009). Books, Buildings and Social Engineering: Early Public Libraries in Britain from Past to Present. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 91–92, 284–285. ISBN 9780754672074. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  11. ^ a b "Notices" (PDF). The London Gazette (25963): 4339. 9 August 1889. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
  12. ^ "The Florrie – a Phoenix now rising from the ashes" (PDF). IHBC Newsletter (Summer 2011). North West Branch of the Institute of Historic Building Conservation: 7. 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
  13. ^ "Opening of the New Turkish Baths". The Liverpool Mercury: 6. 6 August 1861.
  14. ^ Jones, Phillip (2010). Building Chester. Lulu.com. ISBN 9780956554901. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  • Foyle, Jonathan (19 September 2010). "1. Neo-Classical". People's Palaces: The Golden Age of Civic Architecture. Episode 1. Event occurs at 53:56. BBC. BBC Four. Retrieved 25 February 2017. - Episode 1 on Vimeo - documentary on Northern English Neoclassical civic architecture, including Sherlock's buildings
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