Cardiocrinum giganteum

Giant Himalayan lily
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Liliales
Family:	Liliaceae
Subfamily:	Lilioideae
Tribe:	Lilieae
Genus:	Cardiocrinum
Species:	C. giganteum
Binomial name
Cardiocrinum giganteum (Wall.) Makino[1]
Synonyms[2]
Cardiocrinum mirabile (Franch.) Makino Lilium cordifolium subsp. giganteum (Wall.) Baker Lilium giganteum Wallich Lilium mirabile Franch.

Cardiocrinum giganteum, the giant Himalayan lily, is the largest species of any of the lily plants, growing up to 3.5 metres high. It is found in the Himalayas, China and Myanmar (Burma).[2]

Varieties

Two varieties are recognized[2][3]

• C. giganteum var. giganteum - up to 3 metres tall, the outer part of the flower greenish and the inside streaked with purple - Tibet, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim
• C. giganteum var. yunnanense - 1–2 metres tall, the outer part of the flower white and the inside streaked with purplish red - Myanmar, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan

Description

Cardiocrinum giganteum is a bulbous perennial. Flowers are white, fragrant, shaped like a trumpet, and 8 in (20 cm) long. Petals have purple streaking and a greenish tinge on the outside. Leaves are medium to dark green, broad-ovate in shape, and 12–15 in (30–38 cm) long. Giganteum means unusually large or tall.[4] It grows in woodland clearings.[5]

History of cultivation

The plant was first described scientifically in 1824 by Nathaniel Wallich.[6] The species was introduced into commercial production (as Lilium giganteum) in Britain in the 1850s. A bulb grown from seed collected by Major Madden flowered in Edinburgh in July 1852, while those collected by Thomas Lobb were first exhibited in flower in May 1853.[7]

• 
  1880 illustration[8]
• 
  A plant of C. giganteum var. yunnanense growing at Jardin Jungle Karlostachys in France
• 
  Fruits

References

1. Cardiocrinum giganteum on Plants For A Future
2. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families^[permanent dead link‍]
3. Xinqi Chen; Song-Yun Liang; Jie-mei Xu; David E. Boufford; Michael G. Gilbert; Rudolf V. Kamelin; Shoichi Kawano; Tetsuo Koyama; Elena V. Mordak; Junko Noguchi; Victor G. Soukup; Hiroshi Takahashi; Kamilla G. Tamanian; Minoru N. Tamura; Nicholas J. Turland. "Cardiocrinum giganteum". Flora of China.
4. "Cardiocrinum giganteum - Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org. Retrieved 2022-05-01.
5. "Cardiocrinum giganteum PFAF Plant Database". pfaf.org. Retrieved 2022-05-02.
6. Wallich, Nathaniel. 1824. Tentamen Florae Napalensis Illustratae 1: 21–23, pl. 12–13., as Lilium giganteum
7. James H. Veitch (1906). Hortus Veitchii. p. 448.
8. Henry John Elwes: A monograph of the genus Lilium; illustrated by W.H. Fitch. Taylor and Francis, London 1880