Camuropiscidae

Camuropiscidae Temporal range: Late Devonian: Frasnian, 382.7–372.2 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Reconstructions of the various members of the arthrodire placoderm family Camuropiscidae. From top is Camuropiscis laidlawi, C. concinnus, Fallacosteus turneri, Rolfosteus canningensis, Tubonasus lennardensis, Latocamurus coulthardi, and Simosteus tuberculatus.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	†Placodermi
Order:	†Arthrodira
Suborder:	†Brachythoraci
Clade:	†Eubrachythoraci
Clade:	†Coccosteomorphi
Superfamily:	†Incisoscutoidea
Family:	†Camuropiscidae Dennis & Miles, 1979
Genera
Camuropiscis Fallacosteus[1] Incisoscutum ? Latocamurus[2] Rolfosteus[3] Simosteus[4] Tubonasus[3]

Camuropiscidae is a family of mostly small, bullet or spindle-shaped extinct arthrodire placoderms from the Late Devonian. With the exception of the snub-nosed Simosteus,[4] camuropiscid placoderms are characterized by an elongated, tubular snout. The entire family is restricted to the Frasnian Gogo Reef Formation of Australia.

The camuropiscids' elongated snouts, streamlined body shape, and rapid jaw closure are thought as adaptations for pelagic, pursuit predators, swallowing their prey whole.[5]

Phylogeny

Camuropiscidae is a member of the superfamily Incisoscutoidea, which belongs to the clade Coccosteomorphi, one of the two major clades within Eubrachythoraci. The cladogram below shows the phylogeny of Camuropiscidae:[6]

Eubrachythoraci

Coccosteomorphi Coccosteoidea Coccosteidae Millerosteus minor Coccosteus cuspidatus Dickosteus threiplandi Watsonosteus fletti Protitanichthys rockportensis Panxiosteidae Plourdosteus canadensis Panxiosteus ocullus Janiosteus timanicus Incisoscutoidea Harrytoombsia elegans Torosteus tuberculatus Torosteus pulchellus Mcnamaraspis kaprios Compagopiscis croucheri Trematosteus fontanellus Camuropiscidae Incisoscutum ritchiei Incisoscutum sarahae Rolfosteus canningensis Tubonasus lennardensis Fallacosteus turneri Camuropiscis laidlawi Latocamurus coulthardi Pachyosteomorphi

References

1. Long, J. A. (1990). "Two new arthrodires (placoderm fishes) from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation, Western Australia". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 28: 51–64.
2. Long, J. A. (1988). "A new camuropiscid arthrodire (Pisces: Placodermi) from Gogo, Western Australia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 94: 233–258. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1988.tb01194.x.
3. Dennis, K.; R. S. Miles (1979). "Eubrachythoracid arthrodires with tubular rostra1 plates from Gogo, Western Australia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 67: 297–328. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1979.tb01118.x.
4. Dennis, K.; R. S. Miles (1982). "A eubrachythoracid arthrodire with a snubnose from Gogo, Western Australia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 75: 153–166. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1982.tb01945.x.
5. Trinajstic, Kate; Briggs, Derek E. G.; Long, John A. (January 2022). "The Gogo Formation Lagerstätte: a view of Australia's first great barrier reef". Journal of the Geological Society. 179 (1): jgs2021–105. doi:10.1144/jgs2021-105. ISSN 0016-7649.
6. Zhu, You-An; Zhu, Min; Wang, Jun-Qing (1 April 2016). "Redescription of Yinostius major (Arthrodira: Heterostiidae) from the Lower Devonian of China, and the interrelationships of Brachythoraci". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 176 (4): 806–834. doi:10.1111/zoj.12356. ISSN 0024-4082.