Calotes ceylonensis

Calotes ceylonensis
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Iguania
Family:	Agamidae
Genus:	Calotes
Species:	C. ceylonensis
Binomial name
Calotes ceylonensis F. Müller, 1887
Synonyms
Calotes mystaceus var. ceylonensis Müller, 1887 Calotes ceylonensis Boulenger, 1890 Calotes kelaarti Nevill, 1887 Calotes saleoides Werner, 1896 Calotes ceylonensis Smith, 1935 Calotes ceylonensis Taylor, 1953 Calotes ceylonensis Wermuth, 1967 Calotes ceylonensis Macey et al. 2000 Calotes ceylonensis Karunarathna & Amarasinghe, 2011

Calotes ceylonensis, commonly known as the painted-lipped lizard or the Ceylon bloodsucker, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae.[2] It is one of four Calotes species endemic to Sri Lanka.

Habitat

C. ceylonensis is confined to monsoon forests, plantations, and home gardens in the dry and intermediate zones of Sri Lanka.

Geographic range

Localities in Sri Lanka at which C. ceylonensis has been collected include Mankulam, Elahera, Nilgala, Minneriya National Park, Sigiriya, Kandalama, Laggala, Kumana National Park, Puttalam and Kumbalgamuwa, up to elevation of about 400 m (1,300 ft).

Description

Basking

C. ceylonensis is a colorful, arboreal agamid. The length of the head is one and half times the width. The body is laterally compressed. The tail is long and slender, about or over twice the head-body length. The cheeks are swollen. Two separated spines can be seen above the tympanum. The nuchal crest is formed with low spines. Midbody scale rows number 54–60.[3]

The dorsum is brown, with indistinct brown crossbands. The head and anterior part of body are blackish-brown. There is a bright red or reddish-orange stripe on the upper lip that extends to the back of the head. When the lizard is threatened, or agitated by stress, the brown-colored lip turns to a bright white color, as does the dorso-nuchal crest. The throat of adult males is black. The tail is brown with dark crossbands. The venter is pale brown with darker crossbands.[4]

Behavior

C. ceylonensis is active during the day on tree trunks.

Diet

The diet of C. ceylonensis comprises insects and other arthropods.[5]

Reproduction

About 5–10 eggs, measuring 14.5 mm × 16.5 mm (0.57 in × 0.65 in), are produced at a time.[6]

References

1. Perera, N.; Jayasekara, D.; Amarasinghe, A.; de Alwis Goonatilake, S.; Wijethilaka, N.; Botejue, M.; Pushpamal, V.; Gabadage, D. (2021). "Calotes ceylonensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T197251A123312267. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T197251A123312267.en. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
2. Calotes ceylonensis at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 13 March 2022.
3. "Ceylon Painted-lip Lizard". wildreach. Archived from the original on May 16, 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
4. Karunarathna, D. M. S. S.; Amarasinghe, A. A. T. & Stöckli, E. "Taxonomic and biological study on Calotes ceylonensis Müller, 1887 (Reptilia: Agamidae) of Sri Lanka" (PDF). Zoological Bulletin. 56 (4): 229–238. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
5. Karunarathna, D. M. S. S. & Amarasinghe, A. A. T. (2008). Behavior, Habitat, Ecology and Biology of Calotes ceylonensis Muller, 1887 (Reptilia: Agamidae) from Sri Lanka. International symposium of Agamids 2008. Zoologisches Forschungs museum A. Koenig, Bonn, Germany. 20.
6. Pradeep, W. G. & Amarasinghe, A. A. T. (2011). "Ovipositional behaviour of Calotes ceylonensis Müller, 1887 (Reptilia: Agamidae) observed in the Central Province of Sri Lanka". Taprobanica. 1 (1): 24–27. doi:10.4038/tapro.v1i1.2774.

Further reading

• Boulenger GA. 1890. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xviii + 541 pp. (Calotes ceylonensis, pp. 139–140).
• Müller F. 1887. "Fünfter Nachtrag zum Katalog der herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums ". Verhandlung der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 8: 249–296. ("Calotes mystaceus var. ceylonensis " = Calotes ceylonensis, new species, pp. 292–293). (in German).
• Smith MA. 1935. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. II.—Sauria. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiii + 440 pp. + Plate I + 2 maps. (Calotes ceylonensis, pp. 202–203).