Battle of Tonlé Sap

Battle of Tonlé Sap
Part of Khmer–Cham wars
Relief at Bayon temple
Date 13 June 1177[1] Location Tonlé Sap Result Panduranga victory
Belligerents
Khmer Empire	Champa
Commanders and leaders
Tribhuvanadityavarman	Jaya Indravarman IV
Strength
Unknown	Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown	Unknown

The Battle of Tonlé Sap[2] (French: Bataille de Tonlé Sap) took place between Champa and the Khmer Empire in 1177.

Background

Under Suryavarman II (reigned 1113–1150), the Khmer kingdom united internally,[3] and the largest temple of Angkor, Angkor Wat, dedicated to the god Vishnu, was built in a period of 37 years. In the east, his campaigns against Champa and Annam were unsuccessful,[4] though he did sack Vijaya in 1145 and depose Jaya Indravarman III.[5] The Khmers occupied Vijaya until 1149, when they were driven out by Jaya Harivarman I.[6] Suryavarman II sent a mission to the Chola dynasty of south India and presented a precious stone to the Chola emperor Kulothunga Chola I in 1114.[7][8]

Another period followed, in which kings reigned briefly and were violently overthrown by their successors. Finally in 1177, the Angkor capital was raided and looted in a naval battle on the Tonlé Sap lake by a Cham fleet under king Jaya Indravarman IV,[1] and Tribhuvanadityavarman, ruler of Angkor, was killed.[9][10]

See also

• Khmer–Cham wars
• Po Klong Garai
• Bayon

References

Citations

1. Golzio 2021, p. 29.
2. The Bayon bas-relief depicts a battle on the Tonlé Sap lake, Angkor Thom
3. Higham 2004, p. 113.
4. Higham 2004, p. 114.
5. Maspero 2002, p. 75–56.
6. Coedès 1968, p. 160.
7. Kulke & Rothermund 1998, p. 125.
8. Prakash & Lombard 1999, p. 29–30.
9. Maspero 2002, p. 78.
10. Coedès 1968, p. 164.

Bibliography

• Aymonier, Etienne (1893). The History of Tchampa (the Cyamba of Marco Polo, Now Annam Or Cochin-China). Oriental University Institute.
• Coedès, George (1968). Vella, Walter F. (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
• Golzio, Karl-Heinz (2021). "The rise of the Angkorian Empire in reality and in the imagination of the 11th century: How it became the paramount power". Journal of Global Archaeology: 1–38. doi:10.34780/a11-ef6n.
• Higham, Charles (2004). The Civilization of Angkor. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-24218-0.
• Kulke, Hermann; Rothermund, Dietmar (1998). A History of India. Routledge. ISBN 0-41515-482-0.
• Maspero, Georges (2002). The Champa Kingdom. White Lotus Co., Ltd.
• Prakash, Om; Lombard, Denys (1999). Commerce and Culture in the Bay of Bengal, 1500-1800. Manohar.